Educação de crianças e adolescentes intersexo
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Data
2020-06-25
Autores
Santos, Thais Emilia de Campos dos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O conceito de Intersexo é complexo e está em constante construção. Em uma primeira aproximação, refere-se a variações reais biológicas que o ser humano pode ter. É compreendido como uma diversidade de condições, nas quais as pessoas apresentam características “entre os sexos” ditos biológicos macho e fêmea. Essas características se observam nos aspectos reprodutivos, genitais e genéticas. Os Intersexos são pessoas que não se encaixam na concepção conservadora de sexo binário masculino ou feminino, antigamente conhecidas como hermafroditas. Sua prevalência é significativa, pois representa cerca de 1,7% da população. Porém, a existência na condição Intersexo é questionada em uma sociedade binária, na qual, desde a vida fetal, há a escolha de apenas dois gêneros: menino ou menina.Em função dessa situação, questiona-se como se dá a educação da pessoa Intersexo, que é um sujeito biologicamente não-binário, numa sociedade que associa sexo biológico a gênero. Desse modo, esta tese tem o objetivo geral de conceituar, contextualizar e levantar os apontamentos de pessoas Intersexo e seus conviventes, seus posicionamentos sobre ser Intersexo, suas demandas sobre educação geral e escolarização. Tem como objetivo específico o levantamento e a análise de cartilhas/guias de orientação para pais sobre Intersexo e DDS (Diferenças do Desenvolvimento do Sexo) já publicadas, com o intuito de pensar a intersexualidade e educação, especificamente na orientação sobre educação para pais e educadores de crianças e adolescentes Intersexo através de cartilhas/guias. O método da pesquisa adotado configura-se num estudo de caso com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Para isso, foram utilizadas entrevistas com pessoas Intersexo, pais, professores, psicólogos e médicos, além da pesquisa bibliográfica, análise de cartilhas/guias de orientação sobre Intersexo e sobre DDS. Também foram realizados levantamentos de dados em congressos, conferências, eventos, assim como, levantamento de documentos oficiais e reportagens. Com a análise dos resultados, foi possível levantar oito temas de demandas trazidas nos relatos que direcionaram as considerações finais da tese. Uma educação para desenvolver a autonomia e o empoderamento para a tomada de decisões, ou seja, para a autodeterminação das pessoas Intersexo é apontada como fator que diminuiria a vulnerabilidade das pessoas Intersexo e não apenas temas informativos sobre Intersexualidade.
The concept of Intersex is complex and is always in constant construction. In a first approximation, it refers to real biological variations that the human being may have. It is understood as a diversity of conditions, in which people have characteristics "between the sexes" called biological male and female. These characteristics are observed in reproductive, genital and genetic aspects. Intersexes are people who do not fit the conservative conception of male or female binary sex, formerly known as hermaphrodites. Its prevalence is significant, as it represents about 1.7% of the population. However, the existence in the Intersex condition is questioned in a binary society, in which, since fetal life, there is the choice of only two genders: boy or girl. As a result of this situation, it is questioned how the education of the Intersex person takes place, who is a biologically non-binary subject, in a society that associates biological sex with gender. In this way, this thesis has the general objective of conceptualizing, contextualizing and raising the notes of Intersex people and their coexists, their positions on being Intersex, their demands on general education and schooling. Its specific objective is the survey and analysis of booklets / guidance guides for parents about Intersex and DSD (Disorders of Sex Development) already published, with the aim of thinking about intersexuality and education, specifically in education guidance for parents and educators. of Intersex children and teenagers through booklets / guides. The research method adopted is configured in a case study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. For this, interviews with Intersex people, parents, teachers, psychologists and doctors were used, in addition to bibliographic research, analysis of booklets / guidance on Intersex and DSD. Data were also collected at congresses, conferences, events, as well as official documents and reports. With the analysis of the results, it was possible to raise eight themes of demands brought in the reports that directed the conclusion. An education to develop autonomy and empowerment for decision-making, that is, for the self-determination of Intersex people, is pointed out as a factor that would decrease the vulnerability of Intersex people and not just informative topics about Intersexuality.
The concept of Intersex is complex and is always in constant construction. In a first approximation, it refers to real biological variations that the human being may have. It is understood as a diversity of conditions, in which people have characteristics "between the sexes" called biological male and female. These characteristics are observed in reproductive, genital and genetic aspects. Intersexes are people who do not fit the conservative conception of male or female binary sex, formerly known as hermaphrodites. Its prevalence is significant, as it represents about 1.7% of the population. However, the existence in the Intersex condition is questioned in a binary society, in which, since fetal life, there is the choice of only two genders: boy or girl. As a result of this situation, it is questioned how the education of the Intersex person takes place, who is a biologically non-binary subject, in a society that associates biological sex with gender. In this way, this thesis has the general objective of conceptualizing, contextualizing and raising the notes of Intersex people and their coexists, their positions on being Intersex, their demands on general education and schooling. Its specific objective is the survey and analysis of booklets / guidance guides for parents about Intersex and DSD (Disorders of Sex Development) already published, with the aim of thinking about intersexuality and education, specifically in education guidance for parents and educators. of Intersex children and teenagers through booklets / guides. The research method adopted is configured in a case study with a qualitative and quantitative approach. For this, interviews with Intersex people, parents, teachers, psychologists and doctors were used, in addition to bibliographic research, analysis of booklets / guidance on Intersex and DSD. Data were also collected at congresses, conferences, events, as well as official documents and reports. With the analysis of the results, it was possible to raise eight themes of demands brought in the reports that directed the conclusion. An education to develop autonomy and empowerment for decision-making, that is, for the self-determination of Intersex people, is pointed out as a factor that would decrease the vulnerability of Intersex people and not just informative topics about Intersexuality.
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Palavras-chave
Intersexo, Educação e neutralidade de gênero, Construção da identidade, Autonomia e autodeterminação, Intersex, Education and gender neutrality, Identity construction, Autonomy and self-determination