Experiências de pessoas com deficiência no trabalho: o papel e a importância da família
Carregando...
Data
2020-03-06
Autores
Augusto, Maria Angela Mossini [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A inserção das pessoas com deficiência (PCD) no mercado de trabalho é uma realidade nos setores público e privado, fato demonstrado pelas estatísticas do IBGE e do Governo Federal. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal identificar elementos da trajetória e da condução da pessoa com deficiência e de sua família que favoreceram a participação social na escola e no trabalho. Foram participantes da pesquisa dois grupos, sendo o Grupo A composto por oito pessoas com deficiência e o Grupo B poroito familiares de pessoas com deficiência. Para a coleta de dados, foram elaborados roteiros semiestruturados para as entrevistas com ambos os grupos. O Grupo A foi composto por três participantes com deficiência auditiva, um com deficiência física, um com deficiência múltipla, dois com deficiência intelectual e um com deficiência visual. O Grupo B foi composto pelos familiares: avó, mães, irmãs e uma cunhada. O tipo de pesquisa desenvolvida foi o qualitativo, sendo utilizando roteiro de entrevista semiestruturado. Os roteiros foram avaliados por juízes, e também foi realizado o projeto piloto. A coleta dos dados foi realizadacom cada participante em sessão individual. Para a análise de dados, as entrevistas foram transcritas integralmente, organizadas em categorias, conforme a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelaram experiências vivenciadas pelos participantes, sendo destacado o processo de escolarização como positivo, na medida em que conseguirem avançar em diferentes níveis de ensino, sendo a escolarização apontada como fator decisivo para a inserção e para manutenção dos vínculos empregatícios. A maioria dos participantes conseguiu ingressar no trabalho, porém relataram dificuldades em execução de tarefas, sobretudo no início, dificuldade de relacionamento com colegas e supervisores, mas também satisfação com o trabalho, progressão na carreira, benefícios financeiros, além de socialização e responsabilidade. A presença familiar tanto na etapa escolar como na da inserção no mercado de trabalho foi apontada como aspecto fundamental pelas PCD para o alcance dos objetivos. Ações familiares como o monitoramento de tarefas, o apoio e o incentivo nas diversas fases da vida e atitudes e comportamentos como o estímulo à autonomia e autocuidado contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de repertório educacional, laboral e social. Espera-se que os resultados possam contribuir com a temática do trabalho e deficiência, cujos desafios ainda são inúmeros, mas ressalta-se que o papel da família é fundamental para que as trajetórias sejam bem-sucedidas.
The insertion of people with disabilities in the labor market is a reality in the public and private sector, a fact demonstrated by statistics from IBGE and the Federal Government. The main objective of this study was to identify elements of the trajectory and management of people with disabilities and their families that favored social participation at school and at work. Two groups participated in the research, being Group A composed of eight people with disabilities and Group B with eight family members of people with disabilities. For data collection, semi-structured scripts were developed for the interviews with both groups. Group A was composed of three participants with hearing impairment, one with physical disabilities, one with multiple disabilities, two with intellectual disabilities and one with visual impairments. Group B was composed of family members: grandmother, mothers, sisters, and a sister-in-law. The type of research developed was qualitative and went through stages of elaboration of the forms with the characterization scripts of the participants. The scripts were evaluated by judges and the pilot project was also carried out. Data collection was carried out with each participant in an individual session. For data analysis, the interviews were full transcribed, organized into categories, according to Bardin's content analysis. The results revealed experiences lived by the participants, highlighting a schooling process as positive, insofar as they are able to advance at different levels of education, with schooling being identified as a decisive factor for the insertion and maintenance of employment bonds. Most of the participants that were able to get into work, reported difficulties in performing tasks, especially at the beginning of work, difficulty in relationships with colleagues and supervisors, but also job satisfaction, career progression, financial benefits, in addition to socialization and responsibility. The family presence both in the school stage and in the insertion in the labor market was pointed out as a fundamental aspect highlighted by the PWD to achieve the objectives. Family actions such as task monitoring, support, and encouragement in the various stages of life, attitudes and behaviors, encouragement to autonomy and self-care, contributed to the development of educational, work, and social repertoires. It is hoped that the results can contribute to the theme of work and disability, whose challenges are still numerous, but that the role of the family is fundamental for the trajectories to be successful.
The insertion of people with disabilities in the labor market is a reality in the public and private sector, a fact demonstrated by statistics from IBGE and the Federal Government. The main objective of this study was to identify elements of the trajectory and management of people with disabilities and their families that favored social participation at school and at work. Two groups participated in the research, being Group A composed of eight people with disabilities and Group B with eight family members of people with disabilities. For data collection, semi-structured scripts were developed for the interviews with both groups. Group A was composed of three participants with hearing impairment, one with physical disabilities, one with multiple disabilities, two with intellectual disabilities and one with visual impairments. Group B was composed of family members: grandmother, mothers, sisters, and a sister-in-law. The type of research developed was qualitative and went through stages of elaboration of the forms with the characterization scripts of the participants. The scripts were evaluated by judges and the pilot project was also carried out. Data collection was carried out with each participant in an individual session. For data analysis, the interviews were full transcribed, organized into categories, according to Bardin's content analysis. The results revealed experiences lived by the participants, highlighting a schooling process as positive, insofar as they are able to advance at different levels of education, with schooling being identified as a decisive factor for the insertion and maintenance of employment bonds. Most of the participants that were able to get into work, reported difficulties in performing tasks, especially at the beginning of work, difficulty in relationships with colleagues and supervisors, but also job satisfaction, career progression, financial benefits, in addition to socialization and responsibility. The family presence both in the school stage and in the insertion in the labor market was pointed out as a fundamental aspect highlighted by the PWD to achieve the objectives. Family actions such as task monitoring, support, and encouragement in the various stages of life, attitudes and behaviors, encouragement to autonomy and self-care, contributed to the development of educational, work, and social repertoires. It is hoped that the results can contribute to the theme of work and disability, whose challenges are still numerous, but that the role of the family is fundamental for the trajectories to be successful.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pessoas com deficiência, Mercado de trabalho, Educação especial, Família, People with disabilities, Labor market, Special education, Family