Bacillus subtilis na produção de alface
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Data
2020-12-15
Autores
Oliveira Júnior, Porfírio Ponciano de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Um dos focos dos produtores agroecológicos é atender à crescente demanda por alimentos com produtos livres substâncias químicas, sem degradar o meio ambiente. A mudança dos hábitos alimentares da população tem tornado os consumidores de hortaliças cada vez mais exigentes. Portanto, há a necessidade da produção de hortícolas em maior quantidade e de qualidade superior. O uso de rizobactérias visando melhoria no desenvolvimento dos cultivos e aumento na produtividade das culturas vem sendo uma prática bastante estudada, porém ainda faltam estudos sobre a doses de inoculantes em hortaliças. Assim, objetivou-se estudar o desenvolvimento e produtividade de cultivares da Alface, inoculadas com doses de produto a base de Bacillus subtilis. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal do Acre – Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brasil. Durante dois meses, foram utilizados três cultivares de alface (Vera, Elba e SVR 2005) e seis doses de Bacillus subtilis: 0; 200; 400; 600; 800 e 1000 mL ha-1. As variáveis analisadas foram: número de folhas; diâmetro da roseta (cm); massa fresca da parte aérea (g planta-1); massa seca da parte aérea (g planta-1); massa seca da raiz (g planta-1); produtividade (kg ha-1). Observou-se melhores resultados com efeito significativo nas cultivares submetida as doses. Para número de folhas, o cultivar Elba obteve acréscimo até 19,5 folhas para dose 217 mL ha-1. O diâmetro da roseta no cultivar Elba atinge ponto de máxima de 36,17 cm com a dose 915 mL ha-1. Para massa fresca da parte aérea, o cultivar SVR 2005 atingiu 157,93 g planta-1 com a dose 400 mL ha-1. Para massa seca da parte aérea o cultivar Vera na dose de 200 ml ha-1 proporcionou 6,5 g planta-1. Para massa seca da raiz, o cultivar Elba, encontra-se 0,7 g planta-1 na dose 1000 mL ha-1. Para produtividade o cultivar Vera destaca-se a dose 600 ml ha-1 (12079 kg ha-1), para a cultivar Elba a dose 1000 ml ha-1, resultando na média de 14449 kg ha-1, já para a cultivar SVR 2005, a dose 400 ml ha-1 resultou média de 17547 kg ha-1. A cultivar SVR 2005 teve melhor desempenho aos tratamentos estudados em relação as demais cultivares Vera e Elba, sendo indicada para a região a dose de 400 ml ha-1 de Bacillus subtilis.
One of the focuses of agroecological producers is to meet the growing demand for food with chemical-free products, without degrading the environment. The changing eating habits of the population has made vegetable consumers increasingly demanding. Therefore, there is a need to produce vegetables in greater quantity and of superior quality. The use of rhizobacteria to improve crop development and increase crop productivity has been a widely studied practice, but studies on inoculant doses in vegetables are still lacking. Thus, the objective was to study the development and productivity of cultivars of Lettuce, inoculated with doses of product based on Bacillus subtilis. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Acre - Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil. For two months, three lettuce cultivars (Vera, Elba and SVR 2005) and six doses of Bacillus subtilis were used: 0; 200; 400; 600; 800 and 1000 mL ha-1. The variables analyzed were: number of leaves; rosette diameter (cm); fresh mass of the aerial part (g plant-1); dry mass of the aerial part (g plant-1); dry root mass (g plant-1); productivity (kg ha-1). Better results were observed with significant effect on cultivars submitted to doses. For number of leaves, the cultivar Elba obtained an increase of up to 19.5 leaves for a dose of 217 mL ha-1. The diameter of the rosette in the cultivar Elba reaches a maximum point of 36.17 cm with the dose of 915 mL ha-1 . For fresh mass of the aerial part, cultivar SVR 2005 reached 157.93 g plant-1 with a dose of 400 mL ha-1. For shoot dry matter, cultivar Vera at a dose of 200 ml ha-1 provided 6.5 g plant-1. For dry root mass, cultivar Elba, 0.7 g plant-1 is found in the 1000 mL ha-1 dose. For productivity, the cultivar Vera stands out at the dose 600 ml ha-1 (12079 kg ha-1), for the Elba cultivar the dose 1000 ml ha-1, resulting in an average of 14449 kg ha-1, already for the cultivar SVR 2005, the 400 ml ha-1 dose resulted in an average of 17547 kg ha-1 . The cultivar SVR 2005 had better performance to the studied treatments in relation to the other cultivars Vera and Elba, being indicated for the region the dose of 400 ml ha-1 of Bacillus subtilis.
One of the focuses of agroecological producers is to meet the growing demand for food with chemical-free products, without degrading the environment. The changing eating habits of the population has made vegetable consumers increasingly demanding. Therefore, there is a need to produce vegetables in greater quantity and of superior quality. The use of rhizobacteria to improve crop development and increase crop productivity has been a widely studied practice, but studies on inoculant doses in vegetables are still lacking. Thus, the objective was to study the development and productivity of cultivars of Lettuce, inoculated with doses of product based on Bacillus subtilis. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Acre - Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, Acre, Brazil. For two months, three lettuce cultivars (Vera, Elba and SVR 2005) and six doses of Bacillus subtilis were used: 0; 200; 400; 600; 800 and 1000 mL ha-1. The variables analyzed were: number of leaves; rosette diameter (cm); fresh mass of the aerial part (g plant-1); dry mass of the aerial part (g plant-1); dry root mass (g plant-1); productivity (kg ha-1). Better results were observed with significant effect on cultivars submitted to doses. For number of leaves, the cultivar Elba obtained an increase of up to 19.5 leaves for a dose of 217 mL ha-1. The diameter of the rosette in the cultivar Elba reaches a maximum point of 36.17 cm with the dose of 915 mL ha-1 . For fresh mass of the aerial part, cultivar SVR 2005 reached 157.93 g plant-1 with a dose of 400 mL ha-1. For shoot dry matter, cultivar Vera at a dose of 200 ml ha-1 provided 6.5 g plant-1. For dry root mass, cultivar Elba, 0.7 g plant-1 is found in the 1000 mL ha-1 dose. For productivity, the cultivar Vera stands out at the dose 600 ml ha-1 (12079 kg ha-1), for the Elba cultivar the dose 1000 ml ha-1, resulting in an average of 14449 kg ha-1, already for the cultivar SVR 2005, the 400 ml ha-1 dose resulted in an average of 17547 kg ha-1 . The cultivar SVR 2005 had better performance to the studied treatments in relation to the other cultivars Vera and Elba, being indicated for the region the dose of 400 ml ha-1 of Bacillus subtilis.
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Palavras-chave
Lactuca sativa, Rizobactérias, Cultivo orgânico, Bactérias promotoras de crescimento de planta (BPCP), Doses de inoculante, Rhizobacteria, Organic cultivation, Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), Inoculant doses