Novas aplicações de células de comutação de três estados a conversores cc-cc
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Data
2021-02-05
Autores
Souza, Lucas Carvalho
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho compreende o estudo detalhado dos conversores CC-CC não isolados boost, buck e buck-boost, incorporando a célula de comutação de três estados tipo A (3SSC-A). O estado da arte é abordado, evidenciando que estes conversores foram brevemente mencionados na literatura. Embora existam várias estruturas que utilizem a 3SSC, a maioria delas incorpora apenas a denominada célula tipo B, o que torna a célula do tipo A praticamente inexplorada, representando uma lacuna nessa linha de pesquisa. As principais vantagens dos conversores boost 3SSC-A, buck 3SSC-A e buck-boost 3SSC-A, em comparação com as topologias clássicas, incluem rendimento elevado, reduzida ondulação da corrente de saída e, função de transferência entre a tensão de saída e razão cíclica com característica de fase mínima, devido à ausência de zeros no semiplano direito. As estruturas também apresentam as vantagens inerentes à 3SSC, tais como, dimensões reduzidas dos elementos armazenadores de energia e divisão dos esforços de corrente entre os semicondutores. A abordagem teórica é detalhada por meio de análises qualitativas e quantitativas. Os modelos matemáticos que definem o comportamento dinâmico dos conversores são obtidos a partir da aplicação da técnica de modelagem a pequenos sinais. Dessa forma, aplicando técnicas clássicas de controle, incluindo como requisito um controlador mais simples, o projeto dos controladores é desenvolvido pelo método da resposta em frequência. A partir das considerações de projeto das topologias, a validação do desenvolvimento teórico é realizada pela implementação de protótipos e apresentação de resultados experimentais, obtendo rendimentos superiores a 91% para cada topologia estudada.
The present work comprises the detailed study of the DC-DC non-isolated boost, buck and buck-boost converters, incorporating a Three-State Switching Cell type-A (3SSC-A). The state of the art is addressed, showing that these converters have been reported in the literature. Although there are several structures that use a 3SSC, most of them incorporate only the socalled type-B cell, which makes a type-A cell practically unexplored, representing a gap in this line of research. The main advantages of the converters boost 3SSC-A, buck 3SSC-A and buckboost 3SSC-A, compared to classic topologies, include high efficiency, reduced ripple of the output current and, output-to-control transfer-function with minimum-phase characteristic due to the absence of the right-half-plane (RHP) zero. The structures also have the advantages inherent to the 3SSC, such as reduced dimensions of the energy storage elements and division of the current stress between the semiconductors. The theoretical approach is detailed through qualitative and quantitative analyzes. The mathematical models that define the dynamic behavior of the converters are obtained from the application of the small-signal modeling technique. Thus, applying classic control techniques, including as a requirement a simpler controller, the design of the controllers is developed by the frequency response method. From the design considerations of the topologies, the validation of the theoretical development is carried out by the implementation of prototypes and presentation of experimental results, obtaining efficiency greater than 91% for each topology studied.
The present work comprises the detailed study of the DC-DC non-isolated boost, buck and buck-boost converters, incorporating a Three-State Switching Cell type-A (3SSC-A). The state of the art is addressed, showing that these converters have been reported in the literature. Although there are several structures that use a 3SSC, most of them incorporate only the socalled type-B cell, which makes a type-A cell practically unexplored, representing a gap in this line of research. The main advantages of the converters boost 3SSC-A, buck 3SSC-A and buckboost 3SSC-A, compared to classic topologies, include high efficiency, reduced ripple of the output current and, output-to-control transfer-function with minimum-phase characteristic due to the absence of the right-half-plane (RHP) zero. The structures also have the advantages inherent to the 3SSC, such as reduced dimensions of the energy storage elements and division of the current stress between the semiconductors. The theoretical approach is detailed through qualitative and quantitative analyzes. The mathematical models that define the dynamic behavior of the converters are obtained from the application of the small-signal modeling technique. Thus, applying classic control techniques, including as a requirement a simpler controller, the design of the controllers is developed by the frequency response method. From the design considerations of the topologies, the validation of the theoretical development is carried out by the implementation of prototypes and presentation of experimental results, obtaining efficiency greater than 91% for each topology studied.
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Palavras-chave
Célula de Comutação de Três Estados, Conversor CC-CC, Boost 3SSC-A, Buck 3SSC-A, Buck-Boost 3SSC-A, Modelagem matemática, Three-State Switching Cell, DC-DC Converters, Mathematical modeling