Fenologia reprodutiva em campo sujo e campo úmido numa área de Cerrado no sudeste do Brasil, Itirapina - SP
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Data
2006-01-01
Autores
Tannus, João L. S. [UNESP]
Assis, Marco A. [UNESP]
Morellato, L.Patrícia C. [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade (BIOTA/FAPESP)
Resumo
As espécies vegetais do Cerrado apresentam variações periódicas nos padrões de crescimento e reprodução, fortemente relacionadas com a sazonalidade climática. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar, de forma comparativa, a fenologia reprodutiva (floração e frutificação) das espécies em campo sujo e campo úmido numa área de Cerrado na região sudeste do Brasil (Itirapina, SP), procurando responder às questões: (i) as espécies em campo sujo e campo úmido florescem e frutificam de maneira sazonal? (ii) os padrões reprodutivos em cada fisionomia são semelhantes para diferentes classes de hábito? (iii) as fisionomias variam quanto às proporções de espécies por modos de dispersão de sementes? (iv) as fisionomias variam quanto aos padrões de frutificação de acordo com os modos de dispersão de sementes? (v) a fenologia reprodutiva das espécies de acordo com a fisionomia, hábito e modo de dispersão correlaciona-se com a sazonalidade climática? Foram analisadas exsicatas depositadas no acervo do Herbário do Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP relativas ao período de 1983 a 2005. As espécies foram classificadas quanto ao hábito (arbustivo-arbóreas e herbáceo-subarbustivas) e modo de dispersão (anemo, auto e zoocóricas). em ambas as fitofisionomias os padrões fenológicos foram, em geral, significativamente sazonais, usualmente com pico na estação úmida, mas diferiram de acordo com o hábito e modo de dispersão. Tais diferenças foram relacionadas às características ambientais de cada fisionomia, especialmente ao regime hídrico dos solos. O hábito das espécies mostrou grande influência nos padrões fenológicos observados e os padrões de frutificação nem sempre se relacionaram aos modos de dispersão, como observado em outras fisionomias do Cerrado, ressaltando a importância do desenvolvimento de estudos fenológicos detalhados em campo sujo e campo úmido.
The Cerrado plant species present periodic variations in its growth and reproduction usually closely related to climate seasonality. This study aimed to compare the reproductive phenology (flowering and fruiting) of plant species from a dry and a wet grassland in a Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) area at southeastern Brazil (Itirapina, SP) in order to answer the following questions: (i) do the plant species of each physiognomy flower and fruit seasonally? (ii) are the phenological patterns similar, in each physiognomy, among different life forms? (iii) do the physiognomies differ in respect to the proportion of species according to seed dispersal modes? (iv) do the physiognomies differ in respect to the fruiting patterns according to seed dispersal modes? (v) is the reproductive phenology of the species in each physiognomy, according to its life forms and dispersal modes, correlated to the climatic seasonality? We analyzed the vouchers included in the collection of the Herbarium of the Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP from 1983 to 2005. The plant species were classified into life forms (woody and herbaceous) and dispersal modes (anemo, auto and zoochorous). In both physiognomies the phenological patterns were very seasonal, usually with a peak during the wet season, but differing according to the life form and dispersal mode. The observed differences were related to the environmental conditions of each physiognomy, mainly to the patterns of soil drainage. Phenological patterns were largely influenced by life forms, but the dispersal modes did not show the expected fruiting patterns, based on other studies of different Cerrado areas, emphasizing the importance of conducting detailed field phenological studies in dry and wet grasslands.
The Cerrado plant species present periodic variations in its growth and reproduction usually closely related to climate seasonality. This study aimed to compare the reproductive phenology (flowering and fruiting) of plant species from a dry and a wet grassland in a Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) area at southeastern Brazil (Itirapina, SP) in order to answer the following questions: (i) do the plant species of each physiognomy flower and fruit seasonally? (ii) are the phenological patterns similar, in each physiognomy, among different life forms? (iii) do the physiognomies differ in respect to the proportion of species according to seed dispersal modes? (iv) do the physiognomies differ in respect to the fruiting patterns according to seed dispersal modes? (v) is the reproductive phenology of the species in each physiognomy, according to its life forms and dispersal modes, correlated to the climatic seasonality? We analyzed the vouchers included in the collection of the Herbarium of the Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP from 1983 to 2005. The plant species were classified into life forms (woody and herbaceous) and dispersal modes (anemo, auto and zoochorous). In both physiognomies the phenological patterns were very seasonal, usually with a peak during the wet season, but differing according to the life form and dispersal mode. The observed differences were related to the environmental conditions of each physiognomy, mainly to the patterns of soil drainage. Phenological patterns were largely influenced by life forms, but the dispersal modes did not show the expected fruiting patterns, based on other studies of different Cerrado areas, emphasizing the importance of conducting detailed field phenological studies in dry and wet grasslands.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Floração, frutificação, formas de vida, modos de dispersão, Itirapina, Brazilian savanna, dispersal modes, flowering, fruiting, life forms
Como citar
Biota Neotropica. Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP, v. 6, n. 3, p. 0-0, 2006.