Caracterização morfológica de frutos, sementes e plântulas de Pseudima frutescens (Aubl.) Radlk. (Sapindaceae)
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Data
2008-01-01
Autores
Paoli, Adelita Aparecida Sartori [UNESP]
Bianconi, André [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes (ABRATES)
Resumo
Este estudo descritivo procurou elucidar aspectos morfoanatômicos e do desenvolvimento dos frutos, sementes e plântulas de Pseudima frutescens (Sapindaceae), uma espécie arbórea. Nas descrições foram utilizados flores e frutos em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento e, para a observação da germinação e do desenvolvimento das plântulas, as sementes foram colocadas para germinar sobre papel de filtro umedecido com água destilada, em caixas de plástico transparente, com tampa, utilizando-se amostras de 100 sementes (quatro sementes por caixa), mantidas em temperatura de 25+1ºC. O fruto desta espécie, com duas sementes, é uma cápsula obcordada circundante, lobada, de coloração laranja-avermelhada externamente e laranja internamente. A semente, exalbuminosa, é ovóide, preta e brilhante; o embrião ocupa todo o interior da semente e possui cotilédones carnosos e eixo hipocótilo-radícula curto. A plântula é criptocotiledonar e a germinação, que é hipógea, ocorre na presença de luz, iniciando no quinto dia após a semeadura. Com oito dias, a raiz primária media 17 mm de comprimento, apresentando-se coberta de pêlos absorventes. Após 14 dias emergiu o epicótilo de coloração esverdeada. A plântula apresenta, após 30 dias, dois pares de eófilos compostos. Com 60 dias, a raiz principal media 12 cm de comprimento, com muitas raízes laterais e o epicótilo com 9 cm de extensão possuía seis folhas expandidas. Como o desenvolvimento da plântula é relativamente rápido, P. frutescens pode ser uma espécie indicada para programas de recuperação de áreas degradadas.
The present descriptive study aimed to elucidate the morphoanatomical and developmental features of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Pseudima frutescens (Sapindaceae), which is a tree species. Flowers and fruits at different developmental stages were used in the descriptions. A hundred seeds were set in germination boxes (four seeds per box) on filter paper moistened with distilled water and kept at 25+1ºC to observe seedling germination and development. The fruit of this species, which has two seeds, is a round obcordate capsule, lobed, reddish-orange on the outside and orange on the inside. The seed exalbuminous, is ovoid, black and shiny; the embryo, occupying all the inside of the seed, has fleshy cotyledons and a short hypocotyl-radicle axis. The seedling is cryptocotyledonary and the germination, which is hypogeal, occurred under light conditions and started from the fifth day after sowing. By the eighth day, the root measured 17mm in length, showing numerous absorbent hairs on its full extent. After 14 days, the epicotyl (slightly green) emerged. The seedling exhibited, after 30 days, two pairs of compound eophylls and, by the sixtieth day, the primary root measured 12cm long with many lateral roots; the epicotyl was 9cm long and had six expanded leaves. In view of the fact that the development of the seedling is considered relatively quick, P. frutescens may be indicated for the use in the recovery of degraded areas.
The present descriptive study aimed to elucidate the morphoanatomical and developmental features of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Pseudima frutescens (Sapindaceae), which is a tree species. Flowers and fruits at different developmental stages were used in the descriptions. A hundred seeds were set in germination boxes (four seeds per box) on filter paper moistened with distilled water and kept at 25+1ºC to observe seedling germination and development. The fruit of this species, which has two seeds, is a round obcordate capsule, lobed, reddish-orange on the outside and orange on the inside. The seed exalbuminous, is ovoid, black and shiny; the embryo, occupying all the inside of the seed, has fleshy cotyledons and a short hypocotyl-radicle axis. The seedling is cryptocotyledonary and the germination, which is hypogeal, occurred under light conditions and started from the fifth day after sowing. By the eighth day, the root measured 17mm in length, showing numerous absorbent hairs on its full extent. After 14 days, the epicotyl (slightly green) emerged. The seedling exhibited, after 30 days, two pairs of compound eophylls and, by the sixtieth day, the primary root measured 12cm long with many lateral roots; the epicotyl was 9cm long and had six expanded leaves. In view of the fact that the development of the seedling is considered relatively quick, P. frutescens may be indicated for the use in the recovery of degraded areas.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
morfologia, anatomia, germinação, morphology, anatomy, germination
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Sementes. Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes, v. 30, n. 2, p. 146-155, 2008.