A concepção democrática interna e externa de Norberto Bobbio à luz de seu “realismo insatisfeito” e a reflexão sobre a Organização das Nações Unidas como um tertium datur no sistema internacional
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Data
2021-01-29
Autores
Carinheno, Gabrielle Custódio [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente dissertação de mestrado objetiva centralmente a análise de pontos extremamente importantes da teoria democrática e internacionalista do filósofo italiano Norberto Bobbio, sendo os quais: (1) a formação intelectual de Bobbio e seu “realismo insatisfeito”, apontado como uma das principais bases para o seguimento do estudo das teorias bobbianas na Ciência Política; (2) o exame de suas teorias democráticas internas, sucedendo para as teorias democráticas externas e seu pacifismo jurídico com a necessidade de um tertium datur [terceiro presente] no sistema internacional, levando, assim, à seguinte reflexão pautada na Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU): Seriam as Nações Unidas a resposta para a necessidade de um tertium datur [terceiro presente] no sistema internacional ou seria ela apenas mais um tertium non datur [terceiro ausente]?; além disso, (3) um dos pontos da dissertação é responder à questão da ONU de forma empírica, com a investigação dos fracassos e sucessos dela, em especial sua atuação na Guerra do Golfo Pérsico (1991). Para tanto, serão analisados tantos os principais textos bobbianos sobre a democracia e os temas internacionais quanto os textos de diversos comentadores do pensamento político bobbiano, além de alguns textos referenciais sobre a ONU. Ademais, serão examinados alguns dos principais discípulos de Bobbio, a fim de compreender sua formação intelectual. A lacuna intelectual existente no estudo das teorias democráticas externas bobbianas, além da importância da ONU como maior organização internacional universal do sistema internacional, justificam a presente dissertação, uma vez que há na academia nacional maior destaque para os estudos de temas como democracia interna e dos direitos humanos que para a democracia internacional no pensamento bobbiano.
The present master’s dissertation aims centrally at the analysis of extremely important points of the democratic and internationalist theory of the Italian philosopher Norberto Bobbio, which are: (1) Bobbio’s intellectual training and his “dissatisfied realism”, pointed out as one of the main bases for the follow-up of the study of Bobbian theories in Political Science; (2) the examination of their internal democratic theories, succeeding for external democratic theories and their legal pacifism with the need for a tertium datur [third present] in the international system, thus leading to the following reflection based on the United Nations (UN): Would the United Nations be the answer to the need for a tertium datur [third present] in the international system or would it be just another tertium non datur [absent third]?; in addition, (3) one of the points of the dissertation is to answer the UN question in an empirical way, with the investigation of its failures and successes, especially its performance in the Persian Gulf War (1991). To this end, both the main Bobbian texts on democracy and international themes will be analyzed, as well as the texts of several commentators on bobbian political thought, as well as some referential texts on the UN. In addition, some of Bobbio’s main disciples will be examined in order to understand his intellectual background. The intellectual gap existing in the study of Bobbian foreign democratic theories, in addition to the importance of the UN as the largest universal international organization in the international system, justify the present dissertation, since there is a greater emphasis in the national academy on the study of themes such as internal democracy and human rights than for international democracy in Bobbian thought.
The present master’s dissertation aims centrally at the analysis of extremely important points of the democratic and internationalist theory of the Italian philosopher Norberto Bobbio, which are: (1) Bobbio’s intellectual training and his “dissatisfied realism”, pointed out as one of the main bases for the follow-up of the study of Bobbian theories in Political Science; (2) the examination of their internal democratic theories, succeeding for external democratic theories and their legal pacifism with the need for a tertium datur [third present] in the international system, thus leading to the following reflection based on the United Nations (UN): Would the United Nations be the answer to the need for a tertium datur [third present] in the international system or would it be just another tertium non datur [absent third]?; in addition, (3) one of the points of the dissertation is to answer the UN question in an empirical way, with the investigation of its failures and successes, especially its performance in the Persian Gulf War (1991). To this end, both the main Bobbian texts on democracy and international themes will be analyzed, as well as the texts of several commentators on bobbian political thought, as well as some referential texts on the UN. In addition, some of Bobbio’s main disciples will be examined in order to understand his intellectual background. The intellectual gap existing in the study of Bobbian foreign democratic theories, in addition to the importance of the UN as the largest universal international organization in the international system, justify the present dissertation, since there is a greater emphasis in the national academy on the study of themes such as internal democracy and human rights than for international democracy in Bobbian thought.
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Palavras-chave
Norberto Bobbio, Organização das Nações Unidas, Democracia internacional, Tertium (non) datur, Guerra do Golfo Pérsico (1991), United Nations Organization, International democracy, Persian Gulf War (1991)