Biomaterial polimérico obtido por eletrofiação: nanofibras de ácido polílatico incorporadas de biovidro dopado com estrôncio e cobalto
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Data
2021-03-04
Autores
Souza, Joyce Rodrigues de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O desenvolvimento de biomateriais em nanoescala associado a polímeros vem crescendo com o passar dos anos, devido a suas características estruturais importantes para aplicações em sistemas biológicos. O presente estudo teve como finalidade sintetizar um novo biovidro pela rota sol-gel dopado com Sr e Co, e desenvolver fibras de PLA associadas ao biovidro para regeneração tecidual óssea. O biovidro foi preparado pela rota sol-gel nas proporções: 60% de SiO2; 36% de CaCl2 e 4% de P2O5, e dopado com os íons cobalto e estrôncio. Após, foram preparadas soluções de PLA e acrescentado 4% de biovidro puro ou dopado com 5% de estrôncio ou cobalto, resultando assim em quatro grupos: controle (somente PLA); PLA-P, PLA-P+Co e PLA-P+Sr. Os espécimes obtidos tiveram suas características morfológicas e físico-químicas analisadas por microscópio eletrônico de varredura, análise do diâmetro médio de fibras, análise do ângulo de contato, espectroscopia de energia dispersiva, espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier; difratometria de Raios X, espectroscopia de Raman e granulometria por difração a laser. Os testes in vitro para caracterização biológica foram feitos com culturas de células mesenquimais oriundas de fêmures de 9 ratos, cultivadas em meio de cultura total suplementado osteogênico, após indução de diferenciação osteoblástica foram realizadas a análise da viabilidade celular, atividade de fosfatase alcalina, quantificação de conteúdo de proteína total e visualização de nódulos de mineralização. Como resultados foi observado que houve a efetiva incorporação dos íons na estrutura do biovidro, sendo o vidro nitrato free, com partículas em dimensões nanométricas e clorado. Quanto às análises biológicas todos os grupos apresentaram viabilidade celular, não houve diferença estatística significativa em relação aos demais testes para todos os grupos analisados. Foi possível desenvolver scaffolds de PLA/Biovidro dopado com íons sem citotoxicidade, sendo um possível material para aplicação na engenharia tecidual.
The development of nanoscale biomaterials associated with polymers has grown over the years, due to its important structural characteristics for applications in biological systems. The present study aimed to synthesize a new bioglass of composition 58s doped with Sr and Co, and to develop PLA fibers associated with the bioglass for bone tissue regeneration. The bioglass was prepared by the sol-gel route in the proportions: 60% SiO2; 36% CaCl2 and 4% P2O5, and doped with cobalt and strontium ions. Afterwards, PLA solutions were prepared and 4% pure or doped bioglass with 5% strontium or cobalt was added, thus resulting in four groups: control (PLA only); PLA-P, PLA-P + Co and PLA-P + Sr. The obtained specimens had their morphological and physicochemical characteristics analyzed by scanning electron microscope, analysis of the average fiber diameter, contact angle analysis, dispersive energy spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and laser diffraction granulometry. The in vitro tests for biological characterization were performed with cultures of mesenchymal cells from femurs of 9 rats, cultured in total supplemented osteogenic culture medium, after induction of osteoblastic differentiation, cell viability analysis, alkaline phosphatase activity, quantification of total protein content and visualization of mineralization nodules. As a result, it was observed that there was an effective incorporation of ions in the structure of the bioglass, the glass being nitrate free, with particles in nanometric dimensions and chlorinated. As for biological analyzes, all groups showed cell viability, there was no statistically significant difference in relation to the other tests for all groups analyzed. It was possible to develop PLA/Bioglass scaffolds doped with ions without cytotoxicity, being a possible material for application in tissue engineering.
The development of nanoscale biomaterials associated with polymers has grown over the years, due to its important structural characteristics for applications in biological systems. The present study aimed to synthesize a new bioglass of composition 58s doped with Sr and Co, and to develop PLA fibers associated with the bioglass for bone tissue regeneration. The bioglass was prepared by the sol-gel route in the proportions: 60% SiO2; 36% CaCl2 and 4% P2O5, and doped with cobalt and strontium ions. Afterwards, PLA solutions were prepared and 4% pure or doped bioglass with 5% strontium or cobalt was added, thus resulting in four groups: control (PLA only); PLA-P, PLA-P + Co and PLA-P + Sr. The obtained specimens had their morphological and physicochemical characteristics analyzed by scanning electron microscope, analysis of the average fiber diameter, contact angle analysis, dispersive energy spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and laser diffraction granulometry. The in vitro tests for biological characterization were performed with cultures of mesenchymal cells from femurs of 9 rats, cultured in total supplemented osteogenic culture medium, after induction of osteoblastic differentiation, cell viability analysis, alkaline phosphatase activity, quantification of total protein content and visualization of mineralization nodules. As a result, it was observed that there was an effective incorporation of ions in the structure of the bioglass, the glass being nitrate free, with particles in nanometric dimensions and chlorinated. As for biological analyzes, all groups showed cell viability, there was no statistically significant difference in relation to the other tests for all groups analyzed. It was possible to develop PLA/Bioglass scaffolds doped with ions without cytotoxicity, being a possible material for application in tissue engineering.
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Palavras-chave
Biomaterial, Engenharia tecidual., Nanofibras, Regeneração óssea., Biomaterial, Tissue engineering, Nanofibers, Bone regeneration