Capacidade funcional, desempenho e solicitação metabólica em futebolistas profissionais durante situação real de jogo monitorados por análise cinematográfica
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Data
1998-06-01
Autores
Ananias, Glydiston Egberto Oliveira
Kokubun, Eduardo [UNESP]
Molina, Renato
Silva, Paulo Roberto Santos
Cordeiro, José Roberto
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte
Resumo
Foi objetivo deste estudo caracterizar a relação entre o nível de aptidão física, desempenho e solicitação metabólica em futebolistas durante situação real de jogo. Seis jogadores de futebol profissional com média de idade de 20,8 ± 2,6 anos (17-25), peso 70,4 ± 7,5kg (63-81,3) e altura 173,3 ± 9,7cm (166-188), foram submetidos a testes de aptidão física em campo e análise cinematográfica durante a partida. Os testes de aptidão física foram realizados em campo, com medições de lactato sanguíneo. A via metabólica alática foi avaliada por meio de cinco corridas na distância de 30m, em velocidade máxima, com pausa passiva de um minuto entre cada corrida. As concentrações de lactato foram medidas no 1º, 3º e 5º minuto após o término das cinco corridas. Para detecção do limiar anaeróbio foram realizadas 3 corridas de 1.200m nas intensidades de 80, 85 e 90% da velocidade máxima para essa distância, com intervalo passivo de 15 minutos entre cada corrida. As dosagens de lactato sanguíneo foram feitas no 1º, 3º e 5º minuto de repouso passivo após cada corrida. Os futebolistas foram submetidos à filmagem individual durante o transcorrer do jogo e as concentrações de lactato foram medidas antes, no intervalo e no final da partida para análise da solicitação energética e metabólica, respectivamente. Os seguintes resultados foram verificados: 1) o limiar anaeróbio em velocidade de corrida, correspondente à concentração de lactato sanguíneo de 4mmol.L_1 foi encontrado aos 268 ± 28m.min_1 ou 16,1 ± 1,6km.h_1; 2) a velocidade média e a concentração de lactato máximo nas corridas de 30m foram de 6,9 ± 0,2m.s_1 e 4,5 ± 1,0mmol.L_1, respectivamente; 3) a distância total percorrida foi de 10.392 ± 849m, sendo 5.446 ± 550m para o primeiro e 4.945 ± 366m para o segundo tempo, respectivamente; 4) os valores médios encontrados nas concentrações de lactato sanguíneo foram de 1,58 ± 0,37; 4,5 ± 0,42 e 3,46 ± 1,54mmol.L_1 antes, no intervalo do primeiro para o segundo tempo e ao final da a,respectivamente; e 5) a distância média total atingida ao final das partidas pelos jogadores de meio-campo (10.910 ± 121m) foi ligeiramente maior que a percorrida pelos atacantes (10.377 ± 224m) e defensores (9.889 ± 102m), mas não significativa. Houve correlação negativa (r =- 0,84; p < 0,05) entre o limiar anaeróbio (268 ± 28m.min_1 ou 16,1 ± 1,6km.h_1) e a concentração de lactato sanguíneo (4,5 ± 0,4 mmol.L_1) no primeiro tempo do jogo. Portanto, os resultados sugerem que a capacidade aeróbia é um determinante importante para suportar a longa duração da partida e recuperar mais rapidamente os futebolistas dos esforços realizados em alta intensidade, com o desenvolvimento de concentrações de lactato sanguíneo menores ao final do primeiro e segundo tempo das partidas.
The purpose of this investigation was to caracterize the relationship between the level of physical fitness, performance and metabolic needs in soccer players during a real match-play. Six professional soccer players aged 20.8 ± 2.6 years old (17-25), weight 70.4 ± 7.5 kg (63-81.3) and height 173.3 ± 9.7 cm (166-188) were submitted to a fitness test which was performed in the soccer field. The players were assessed by a video-camera, in the field, during the match-play with lactate evaluation. The alactic metabolic pathway was evaluated by means of five 30 m sprints, in maximum velocity and one minute of passive pause between each sprint. The lactic acid concentrations were assessed at one, three and five minutes after the five sprints had been finished. To detect anaerobic threshold (AT), three 1,200 m races were performed at an intensity of 80, 85 and 90% from de maximum speed to that distance, with 5 minutes intervals between each running. The soccer players underwent individual film recording by a video-camera, during the match-play and the lactic acid concentrations were assessed before, during the interval and at the end of the match, to analyze the metabolic and energetics expenditure. The following results were verified: 1) the AT at running, relationed to 4 mmol.L_1 lactic acid concentration, was found at 268 ± 28 m.min_1 or 16.1 ± 1.6 km.h_1; 2) the average speed and the maximum lactate concentration at 30m sprint were 6.9 ± 0.2 to 4.5 ± 1.0 mmol.L_1, respectively; 3) the total performed distance was 10,392 ± 849 m, 5,446 ± 550 m was found in the first half of the match and 4,945 ± 366 m was found in the second half of the match; 4) the average values found in assessing blood lactate concentrations were 1.58 ± 0.37; 4.5 ± 0.42 and 3.46 ± 1.54 mmol.L_1; before, during the first to the second interval and at the end of the match, respectively; 5) the total average distance approached at the end of the matches by midfield players (10,910 ± 121 m) was slightly greater than the one reached by the forward players (10,377 ± 224 m) and defenders (9,889 ± 102 m), nevertheless, it was not significant. There was a negative correlation (r =- 0.84; p < 0.05) among the AT (268 ± 28 m.min_1 or 16.1 ± 1.6 km.h_1) and blood lactate concentration (4.5 ± 0.42 mmol.L_1) in the first half of the match-play. Thus, the results suggest that the aerobic capacity is an important determinant, which leads the soccer players to cover the long distance runnings in the matches, and be able to recover earlier from the high intensity effort with a lower development of blood lactic acid concentrations in the whole match-play.
The purpose of this investigation was to caracterize the relationship between the level of physical fitness, performance and metabolic needs in soccer players during a real match-play. Six professional soccer players aged 20.8 ± 2.6 years old (17-25), weight 70.4 ± 7.5 kg (63-81.3) and height 173.3 ± 9.7 cm (166-188) were submitted to a fitness test which was performed in the soccer field. The players were assessed by a video-camera, in the field, during the match-play with lactate evaluation. The alactic metabolic pathway was evaluated by means of five 30 m sprints, in maximum velocity and one minute of passive pause between each sprint. The lactic acid concentrations were assessed at one, three and five minutes after the five sprints had been finished. To detect anaerobic threshold (AT), three 1,200 m races were performed at an intensity of 80, 85 and 90% from de maximum speed to that distance, with 5 minutes intervals between each running. The soccer players underwent individual film recording by a video-camera, during the match-play and the lactic acid concentrations were assessed before, during the interval and at the end of the match, to analyze the metabolic and energetics expenditure. The following results were verified: 1) the AT at running, relationed to 4 mmol.L_1 lactic acid concentration, was found at 268 ± 28 m.min_1 or 16.1 ± 1.6 km.h_1; 2) the average speed and the maximum lactate concentration at 30m sprint were 6.9 ± 0.2 to 4.5 ± 1.0 mmol.L_1, respectively; 3) the total performed distance was 10,392 ± 849 m, 5,446 ± 550 m was found in the first half of the match and 4,945 ± 366 m was found in the second half of the match; 4) the average values found in assessing blood lactate concentrations were 1.58 ± 0.37; 4.5 ± 0.42 and 3.46 ± 1.54 mmol.L_1; before, during the first to the second interval and at the end of the match, respectively; 5) the total average distance approached at the end of the matches by midfield players (10,910 ± 121 m) was slightly greater than the one reached by the forward players (10,377 ± 224 m) and defenders (9,889 ± 102 m), nevertheless, it was not significant. There was a negative correlation (r =- 0.84; p < 0.05) among the AT (268 ± 28 m.min_1 or 16.1 ± 1.6 km.h_1) and blood lactate concentration (4.5 ± 0.42 mmol.L_1) in the first half of the match-play. Thus, the results suggest that the aerobic capacity is an important determinant, which leads the soccer players to cover the long distance runnings in the matches, and be able to recover earlier from the high intensity effort with a lower development of blood lactic acid concentrations in the whole match-play.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Jogador de futebol profissional, Limiar anaeróbio, Lactato, Distância percorrida, Medicina esportiva, Professional soccer players, Lactate, Anaerobic threshold, Covered distance, Sports medicine
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte. Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Exercício e do Esporte, v. 4, n. 3, p. 87-95, 1998.