Comparação anatômica qualitativa entre ossos caninos macerados e impressos em 3d.
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Data
2021-08-31
Autores
Sembenelli, Guilherme [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar se vértebras lombares impressas em 3D com filamentos de ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) e PLA (Polilatic Acid) são igualmente eficazes no ensino de anatomia óssea quando comparadas às vértebras lombares cadavéricas. Além disso, buscou-se verificar a aceitação desses ossos sintéticos no ensino e na rotina clínico-cirúrgica por meio de opiniões de alunos, médicos veterinários e tutores de pacientes caninos. Duas vértebras lombares caninas (L4 e L5) foram obtidas por meio da maceração biológica de cadáver. Esses ossos foram submetidos ao exame de tomografia computadorizada, e por meio de programas específicos realizou-se a reconstrução 3D digital, ato contínuo foi feita a conversão para o formato compatível com impressora 3D de deposição de material fundido. Duas vértebras sintéticas foram produzidas, uma com o filamento de ABS e outra com o filamento de PLA, ambas incolores para atingir tonalidade semelhante à vértebra natural. Para a comparação dos ossos foram elaborados três questionários fechados de respostas “SIM” ou “NÃO” com conteúdo diferentes. Ao todo 500 questionários foram respondidos por alunos, pós-graduandos, professores e tutores. As análises estatísticas foram feitas a partir de variáveis nominais. Os modelos vertebrais sintéticos manufaturados por impressão em 3d se assemelharam anatomicamente às vértebras naturais obtidas por maceração de cadáver e tiveram boa aceitação como método alternativo de ensino na medicina veterinária. Dentre os modelos sintéticos, o confeccionado em ABS teve superior aceitação ao modelo em PLA mostrando-se que os ossos sintéticos impressos em 3d são promissor método alternativo de ensino da anatomia óssea.
The present study aimed to evaluate whether 3D printed lumbar vertebrae with ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and PLA (Polylactic Acid) filaments are equally effective in teaching bone anatomy when compared to cadaveric bones. In addition, we sought to verify the acceptance of these synthetic bones in teaching and clinical-surgical routine through the opinions of students, veterinarians, and tutors of canine patients. Two canine lumbar vertebrae (L4 and L5) were obtained through the process of biological cadaver maceration and then subjected to computed tomography examination. Through specific programs, three-dimensional rapid prototyping and printing was performed on four synthetic vertebrae, two with ABS filament and two with PLA filament. At the end, three models of vertebra (macerated, ABS and PLA) were destined for UNIFRAN and the others for FCAV / UNESP. Aiming to compare these bone models, three questionnaires were elaborated that contained closed questions related to the identification and recognition of anatomical structures in the three vertebrae. Altogether 500 questionnaires were answered by students, post graduate students, teachers and tutors. Statistical analyzes were performed using nominal variables. The synthetic vertebral models manufactured by rapid prototyping were anatomically similar to the natural vertebrae obtained by cadaver maceration and had good acceptance as an alternative teaching method in veterinary medicine. Among the synthetic models, the one made in ABS had superior acceptance to the PLA model, showing that the synthetic bones printed in 3d are a promising alternative method of teaching bone anatomy.
The present study aimed to evaluate whether 3D printed lumbar vertebrae with ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and PLA (Polylactic Acid) filaments are equally effective in teaching bone anatomy when compared to cadaveric bones. In addition, we sought to verify the acceptance of these synthetic bones in teaching and clinical-surgical routine through the opinions of students, veterinarians, and tutors of canine patients. Two canine lumbar vertebrae (L4 and L5) were obtained through the process of biological cadaver maceration and then subjected to computed tomography examination. Through specific programs, three-dimensional rapid prototyping and printing was performed on four synthetic vertebrae, two with ABS filament and two with PLA filament. At the end, three models of vertebra (macerated, ABS and PLA) were destined for UNIFRAN and the others for FCAV / UNESP. Aiming to compare these bone models, three questionnaires were elaborated that contained closed questions related to the identification and recognition of anatomical structures in the three vertebrae. Altogether 500 questionnaires were answered by students, post graduate students, teachers and tutors. Statistical analyzes were performed using nominal variables. The synthetic vertebral models manufactured by rapid prototyping were anatomically similar to the natural vertebrae obtained by cadaver maceration and had good acceptance as an alternative teaching method in veterinary medicine. Among the synthetic models, the one made in ABS had superior acceptance to the PLA model, showing that the synthetic bones printed in 3d are a promising alternative method of teaching bone anatomy.
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Palavras-chave
Impressão 3D, Dissecação, Cirurgia veterinária, Ortopedia, Anatomia