Painéis aglomerados homogêneos produzidos com partículas de pinus e seringueira e aglutinados com adesivo poliuretano derivado de óleo de mamona : avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas
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Data
2021-10-25
Autores
Trevisan, Mariana Ferreira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A seringueira é uma espécie nativa reflorestada em várias regiões do Brasil explorada economicamente no setor de borracha, que após o ciclo produtivo para extração do látex, representa uma excelente alternativa para fabricação de móveis e painéis de madeira. Uma alternativa viável visando garantir a sustentabilidade do setor florestal é a utilização de madeira de reflorestamento para produção de painéis de madeira. Considerando-se o “déficit” de espécies do setor florestal, tem sido uma boa alternativa a utilização de outras espécies. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho visou produzir e avaliar painéis aglomerados com partículas de madeira de seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) oriundas do clone RRIM 600 com 15 anos e partículas de Pinus taeda, obtido por meio do processamento de tábuas de pinus. Sendo essas partículas aglutinadas com 10% de adesivo poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona (PUR) em relação a massa seca das partículas. Para avaliação dos painéis foram propostas três variações percentuais entre as partículas de pinus e seringueira. Com base na ABNT NBR 14810-1(2013) e 2(2018) e na ANSI A208-2009 – Particleboard foram avaliadas as propriedades físicas (densidade, teor de umidade, inchamento em espessura após 24h) e das propriedades mecânicas módulo de resistência à flexão estática (MOR), módulo de elasticidade (MOE) e tração perpendicular (TP). Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que os painéis produzidos com as partículas de seringueira, puderam ser classificados de acordo com norma brasileira em pelo menos uso para tipo P2 (painéis não estruturais para uso interno em condições secas), sendo possível indicar a utilização desse tipo de madeira como uma alternativa na produção de painéis. Verificou-se um melhor desempenho da madeira de pinus nos ensaios de MOR e MOE. Os painéis com maior quantidade de seringueira tiveram melhor desempenho no ensaio de TP. Quanto ao inchamento após 24h, observa-se uma tendência maior de absorção de água conforme a adição de partículas de pinus.
Rubber tree is a native species reforested in several regions of Brazil economically exploited in the rubber sector, which after the production cycle for latex extraction, represents an excellent alternative for the manufacture of furniture and wood panels. A viable alternative to ensure the sustainability of the forestry sector is the use of reforested wood for the production of wood panels. Considering the “deficit” of species in the forest sector, the use of other species has been a good alternative. In this sense, the present work aimed to produce and evaluate particleboard with rubber wood particles (Hevea brasiliensis) from the 15-year-old clone RRIM 600 and Pinus taeda particles, obtained by processing pine boards. These particles are bonded with 10% polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil (PUR) in relation to the dry mass of the particles. To evaluate the panels, three percentage variations were proposed between pine and rubber particles. Based on ABNT NBR 14810-1(2013) and 2(2018) and ANSI A208-2009 - Particleboard, the physical properties (density, moisture content, swelling in thickness after 24h) and the mechanical properties of the modulus of resistance to static bending (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and perpendicular tension (TP). The results obtained showed that the panels produced with rubber tree particles could be classified according to the Brazilian standard in at least use for type P2 (non-structural panels for indoor use in dry conditions), being possible to indicate the use of this type of wood as an alternative in the production of panels. It was verified a better performance of the pine wood in the MOR and MOE tests. The panels with the highest amount of rubber tree performed better in the TP test. As for swelling after 24 hours, there is a greater tendency to absorb water according to the addition of pine particles.
Rubber tree is a native species reforested in several regions of Brazil economically exploited in the rubber sector, which after the production cycle for latex extraction, represents an excellent alternative for the manufacture of furniture and wood panels. A viable alternative to ensure the sustainability of the forestry sector is the use of reforested wood for the production of wood panels. Considering the “deficit” of species in the forest sector, the use of other species has been a good alternative. In this sense, the present work aimed to produce and evaluate particleboard with rubber wood particles (Hevea brasiliensis) from the 15-year-old clone RRIM 600 and Pinus taeda particles, obtained by processing pine boards. These particles are bonded with 10% polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil (PUR) in relation to the dry mass of the particles. To evaluate the panels, three percentage variations were proposed between pine and rubber particles. Based on ABNT NBR 14810-1(2013) and 2(2018) and ANSI A208-2009 - Particleboard, the physical properties (density, moisture content, swelling in thickness after 24h) and the mechanical properties of the modulus of resistance to static bending (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and perpendicular tension (TP). The results obtained showed that the panels produced with rubber tree particles could be classified according to the Brazilian standard in at least use for type P2 (non-structural panels for indoor use in dry conditions), being possible to indicate the use of this type of wood as an alternative in the production of panels. It was verified a better performance of the pine wood in the MOR and MOE tests. The panels with the highest amount of rubber tree performed better in the TP test. As for swelling after 24 hours, there is a greater tendency to absorb water according to the addition of pine particles.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Painéis aglomerados, Seringueira, Pinus, Madeira, Adesivo Poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona, Particleboards, Rubber tree, Pine, Wood, Castor Oil-based polyurethane adhesive