Protagonismo feminino no design brasileiro contemporâneo? Análise nos segmentos de design gráfico e de produto entre os anos de 2015 e 2019
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Data
2021-08-27
Autores
Romano, Raquel Bosso
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A desigualdade entre gêneros é um grave problema e uma questão de relevância social e política que, cada vez mais, ganha espaço e gera a necessidade de desenvolvimento de pesquisas científicas a esse respeito, uma vez que são escassas as publicações sobre a história e o protagonismo feminino em diversos campos do conhecimento. Fato que se repete na área do design, diante das desigualdades de gênero presentes em nossa sociedade, faz-se necessária a investigação de como essas questões transcorrem para a área. As inquietações que nortearam a pesquisa dizem respeito ao ínfimo protagonismo feminino registrado na história do design, as relações estabelecidas entre o design e os estudos feministas e como esses temas reverberam no resultado das premiações da área no cenário brasileiro. Dessa forma, este estudo visa fornecer um panorama acerca da relação entre design contemporâneo e feminismo presente na bibliografia da área, como também a investigação e o questionamento a respeito da equidade de gênero existente nas premiações de design brasileiro. Portanto, consiste em uma pesquisa descritiva com a aplicação de métodos de análise qualitativos e quantitativos e a realização da pesquisa bibliográfica, análise documental e o estudo de caso. Este ocorreu em duas das principais premiações da área no Brasil, a Bienal Brasileira de Design Gráfico da ADG (Associação de Designers Gráficos no Brasil), entre os anos de 2015 e 2019, e o Prêmio Design Museu da Casa Brasileira, nos anos de 2017, 2018 e 2019. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados abrangem a teoria do design contemporâneo, suas relações com a filosofia e a sociologia, bem como seu papel político e social. O estudo nos permitiu compreender as distintas formas em que a desigualdade de gênero se apresenta na área, tanto na história escrita quanto na prática, por meio da divisão sexual do trabalho e da reprodução de estereótipos de gênero nos produtos do design. Durante a investigação das premiações, foi possível notar o aumento da presença feminina no decorrer dos anos ocupando esses espaços, apesar da predominância de nomes masculinos. Com esta pesquisa, pretendemos proporcionar uma compreensão mais plural da realidade da área e salientar a necessidade de pesquisas que aprofundem as lacunas realçadas pelos estudos feministas na área do design contemporâneo.
Gender inequality is a serious problem and a matter of social and political relevance that, increasingly, is gaining ground and generating the need for scientific research development about this theme, since publications on the history of female protagonism are scarce in various fields of knowledge.In the design area it’s not different, this fact repeats itself.Due to gender inequalities present in our society, it is necessary to investigate how these issues take place in the area. The concerns that guided this research are about the tiny female protagonism recorded in the history of design, the relations established between design and feminist studies and how these themes reverberate in the result of the awards in the area in the Brazilian scenario. Thus, this study contemplates an overview of the relationship between contemporary design and feminism present in the area's bibliography, as well as the investigation and questioning about gender equality existing in Brazilian design awards. Therefore, this work consists of exploratory research with the application of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods and the realization of bibliographical research, document analysis and case study. The case study refers to two of the main awards of Design in Brazil, the “ADG Brazilian Graphic Design Biennial” (Association of Graphic Designers in Brazil), between 2015 and 2019, and the “Museu da Casa Brasileira” Design Award, in 2017, 2018 and 2019. The theoretical references used cover the theory of contemporary design, its relations with philosophy and sociology, as well as its political and social role. The study allowed us to understand the different ways in which gender inequality presents itself in the area, both in written history and in practical ways, such as the sexual division of labor and the reproduction of gender stereotypes in design products. During the investigation of the awards, it was possible to notice the increase of female presence over the years occupying these spaces, despite the predominance of male names. With this research, we intend to provide a more plural understanding of the area's reality and highlight the need for research that deepens the gaps found by feminist studies in the field of contemporary design.
Gender inequality is a serious problem and a matter of social and political relevance that, increasingly, is gaining ground and generating the need for scientific research development about this theme, since publications on the history of female protagonism are scarce in various fields of knowledge.In the design area it’s not different, this fact repeats itself.Due to gender inequalities present in our society, it is necessary to investigate how these issues take place in the area. The concerns that guided this research are about the tiny female protagonism recorded in the history of design, the relations established between design and feminist studies and how these themes reverberate in the result of the awards in the area in the Brazilian scenario. Thus, this study contemplates an overview of the relationship between contemporary design and feminism present in the area's bibliography, as well as the investigation and questioning about gender equality existing in Brazilian design awards. Therefore, this work consists of exploratory research with the application of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods and the realization of bibliographical research, document analysis and case study. The case study refers to two of the main awards of Design in Brazil, the “ADG Brazilian Graphic Design Biennial” (Association of Graphic Designers in Brazil), between 2015 and 2019, and the “Museu da Casa Brasileira” Design Award, in 2017, 2018 and 2019. The theoretical references used cover the theory of contemporary design, its relations with philosophy and sociology, as well as its political and social role. The study allowed us to understand the different ways in which gender inequality presents itself in the area, both in written history and in practical ways, such as the sexual division of labor and the reproduction of gender stereotypes in design products. During the investigation of the awards, it was possible to notice the increase of female presence over the years occupying these spaces, despite the predominance of male names. With this research, we intend to provide a more plural understanding of the area's reality and highlight the need for research that deepens the gaps found by feminist studies in the field of contemporary design.
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Palavras-chave
Design, Design contemporâneo brasileiro, Feminismo, Protagonismo feminino, Contemporary brazilian design, Feminism, protagonism of designers