Doses e modos de aplicação de Azospirillum brasilense na promoção de crescimento e caracteres de produtividade da cultura do milho
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Data
2022-01-31
Autores
Silva, Pedro Henrique Giova da
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As pesquisas envolvendo a cultura do milho sempre tiveram grande relevância e as áreas destinadas à produção do cereal têm crescido nos últimos anos. O aumento na área é acompanhado por uma maior preocupação com a agricultura sustentável, agregando mais produtores. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho buscou a utilização de um microrganismo promotor de crescimento de plantas (Azospirillum brasilense) beneficiando a cultura e reduzindo a quantidade de nitrogênio mineral aplicado no solo. O experimento foi realizado em blocos casualizados com 6 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo estes: T1- Testemunha (sem aplicação de Biomax Azum® e de nitrogênio); T2- Adubação nitrogenada – 30 kg ha-1 na semeadura + 120 kg ha-1 em cobertura parcelados em V4 e V7; T3- promotor de crescimento de plantas 20 kg ha-1 de N na semeadura + 90 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura parcelados + aplicação de Biomax Azum® (100 mL ha-1) no tratamento de sementes; T4- 20 kg ha-1 de N na semeadura + 90 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura + aplicação de Biomax Azum® (200 mL ha-1) no sulco de semeadura; T5- 20 kg ha-1 de N na semeadura + 90 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura + aplicação de Biomax Azum® via foliar (200 mL ha-1) quando milho estava no estádio V6; T6- 20 kg ha-1 de N na semeadura + 90 kg ha-1 de N parcelados em cobertura + aplicação de Biomax Azum® via foliar (300 mL ha-1) quando o milho estava nos estádio V6. O trabalho de pesquisa foi realizado em área experimental pertencente à Faculdade de Engenharia – UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, localizada no município de Selvíria – MS. Concluiu-se que a adubação nitrogenada (sulco de semeadura e cobertura) bem como a aplicação de Biomax Azum® altera positivamente a maioria dos componentes de produção e a produtividade da cultura. A aplicação de Biomax Azum® nas sementes, no sulco de semeadura ou via foliar permitem a obtenção de produtividade semelhante ao tratamento com adubação nitrogenada (semeadura e cobertura) e com economia de 40 kg ha-1 de N.
Research on corn has always had great relevance and the areas destined for cereal production have grown in recent years. The increase in area is accompanied by a greater concern with sustainable agriculture, adding a greater number of producers. In this context, the present work used a microorganism plant growth promoter (Azospirillum brasilense) seeking to benefit the crop and reduce the amount of mineral nitrogen applied to the soil. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks with 6 treatments and 5 replications, as follows: T1- Control (without application of Biomax Azum® and nitrogen); T2- Nitrogen fertilization – 30 kg ha-1 at sowing + 120 kg ha-1 at coverage installments in V4 and V7; T3- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing installments + application of Biomax Azum® (100 mL ha-1) in the seed treatment; T4- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing + application of Biomax Azum® (200 mL ha-1) in the sowing furrow; T5- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing + application of Biomax Azum® foliar application (200 mL ha-1) when maize was at the V6 stage; T6- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing installments + application of Biomax Azum® (300 mL ha-1) when maize was at V6 stage. The research work was carried out in an experimental area belonging to the Faculty of Engineering - UNESP, Campus of Ilha Solteira, located in the municipality of Selvíria - MS. It was concluded that nitrogen fertilization (sowing furrow and covering), as well as the application of Biomax Azum®, positively alters most of the production components and crop productivity. The application of Biomax Azum® in the seeds, in the sowing furrow or foliar way, allows obtaining a productivity similar to the treatment with nitrogen fertilization (seeding and covering) and saving 40 kg ha-1 of N.
Research on corn has always had great relevance and the areas destined for cereal production have grown in recent years. The increase in area is accompanied by a greater concern with sustainable agriculture, adding a greater number of producers. In this context, the present work used a microorganism plant growth promoter (Azospirillum brasilense) seeking to benefit the crop and reduce the amount of mineral nitrogen applied to the soil. The experiment was carried out in randomized blocks with 6 treatments and 5 replications, as follows: T1- Control (without application of Biomax Azum® and nitrogen); T2- Nitrogen fertilization – 30 kg ha-1 at sowing + 120 kg ha-1 at coverage installments in V4 and V7; T3- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing installments + application of Biomax Azum® (100 mL ha-1) in the seed treatment; T4- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing + application of Biomax Azum® (200 mL ha-1) in the sowing furrow; T5- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing + application of Biomax Azum® foliar application (200 mL ha-1) when maize was at the V6 stage; T6- 20 kg ha-1 of N at sowing + 90 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing installments + application of Biomax Azum® (300 mL ha-1) when maize was at V6 stage. The research work was carried out in an experimental area belonging to the Faculty of Engineering - UNESP, Campus of Ilha Solteira, located in the municipality of Selvíria - MS. It was concluded that nitrogen fertilization (sowing furrow and covering), as well as the application of Biomax Azum®, positively alters most of the production components and crop productivity. The application of Biomax Azum® in the seeds, in the sowing furrow or foliar way, allows obtaining a productivity similar to the treatment with nitrogen fertilization (seeding and covering) and saving 40 kg ha-1 of N.
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Palavras-chave
Produção vegetal, Azospirillum brasilense, Adubação nitrogenada do milho, Crop production, Azospirillum brasilense, Nitrogen fertilization of corn