Controle biológico de nematoides gastrintestinais de equinos mantidos a pasto com associação dos fungos nematógafos Duddingtonia flagrans e Pochonia Chlamydosporia
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Data
2022-02-18
Autores
Carmo, Tábata Alves do
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O controle biológico com fungos nematófagos pode ser empregado para diminuir populações de parasitos, já que estes são seus antagonistas naturais. Objetivou-se avaliar a ação dos fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans e Pochonia chlamydosporia como alternativa de controle biológico das helmintoses gastrintestinais em equinos. Foram utilizadas 36 equinos fêmeas distribuídos em 3 grupos com 12 animais cada, sendo o delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os grupos foram: grupo controle, onde os animais eram tratados diariamente com ração comercial (Controle); grupo tratado com fungos, com animais tratados diariamente, com 1g do produto Bioverm Plus/ 10 Kg de peso corporal contendo 105 clamidósporos dos fungos Duddingtonia flagrans e Pochonia chlamydosporia, administrados diariamente, juntamente com concentrado farelado para equinos, e o grupo abamectina, foram tratados a cada 3 meses com o anti-helmíntico abamectina 1%, na dose de 0,2 mg/kg, apresentação em pasta e fornecido por via oral. A ação dos tratamentos foi avaliada com base na contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) em amostras coletadas a cada 28 dias, coprocultura, contagem de larvas na pastagem e análise microbiológica das fezes. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) por meio do Statistical Analysis System, versão 9.2 e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey (5%). A médias gerais de OPG e das L3/Kg.MS apresentaram diferença estatística significativa (p<0,05) do grupo tratado com fungos comparado ao grupo controle sendo o controle com maiores médias, e os grupos tratados apresentaram-se semelhantes de modo geral. A recuperação de larvas a partir de coproculturas revelou a predominância de pequenos estrôngilos em relação aos grandes estrôngilos nos três grupos. O grupo abamectina apresentou menores valores de Unidade Formadora de Colônia/ml. Conclui-se que a utilização dos fungos D. flagrans e P. chlamydosporia é eficiente no controle de nematoides gastrointestinais de equinos mantidos a pasto, promovendo redução da infestação das pastagens por larvas infectantes e consequentemente o grau de infecção por helmintos.
Biological control with nematophagous fungi can be used to reduce parasite populations, as these are their natural antagonists. The objective was to evaluate the action of the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Pochonia chlamydosporia as an alternative for biological control of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in horses. Thirty female horses were divided into 3 groups with 12 animals each, in a completely randomized design. The groups were: control group, where the animals were treated daily with commercial feed (Control); group treated with fungi, with animals treated daily, with 1g of the product Bioverm Plus/ 10 Kg of body weight containing 105 chlamydospores of the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Pochonia chlamydosporia, administered daily, together with mash concentrate for horses, and the abamectin group, were treated every 3 months with the anthelmintic abamectin 1%, at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, presented in paste and given orally. The action of the treatments was evaluated based on the count of eggs per gram of feces (OPG) in samples collected every 28 days, coproculture, counting of larvae in the pasture and microbiological analysis of the feces. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Statistical Analysis System, version 9.2, and the means were compared using the Tukey test (5%). The general averages of OPG and L3/Kg.MS showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) of the group treated with fungi compared to the control group, with the control with the highest averages, and the treated groups were generally similar. The recovery of larvae from coprocultures revealed the predominance of small strongyles in relation to large strongyles in the three groups. The abamectin group had lower values of Colony Forming Unit/ml. It is concluded that the use of the fungi D. flagrans and P. chlamydosporia is efficient in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of horses kept on pasture, promoting a reduction in the infestation of pastures by infective larvae and consequently the degree of infection by helminths.
Biological control with nematophagous fungi can be used to reduce parasite populations, as these are their natural antagonists. The objective was to evaluate the action of the nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Pochonia chlamydosporia as an alternative for biological control of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in horses. Thirty female horses were divided into 3 groups with 12 animals each, in a completely randomized design. The groups were: control group, where the animals were treated daily with commercial feed (Control); group treated with fungi, with animals treated daily, with 1g of the product Bioverm Plus/ 10 Kg of body weight containing 105 chlamydospores of the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans and Pochonia chlamydosporia, administered daily, together with mash concentrate for horses, and the abamectin group, were treated every 3 months with the anthelmintic abamectin 1%, at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, presented in paste and given orally. The action of the treatments was evaluated based on the count of eggs per gram of feces (OPG) in samples collected every 28 days, coproculture, counting of larvae in the pasture and microbiological analysis of the feces. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Statistical Analysis System, version 9.2, and the means were compared using the Tukey test (5%). The general averages of OPG and L3/Kg.MS showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) of the group treated with fungi compared to the control group, with the control with the highest averages, and the treated groups were generally similar. The recovery of larvae from coprocultures revealed the predominance of small strongyles in relation to large strongyles in the three groups. The abamectin group had lower values of Colony Forming Unit/ml. It is concluded that the use of the fungi D. flagrans and P. chlamydosporia is efficient in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of horses kept on pasture, promoting a reduction in the infestation of pastures by infective larvae and consequently the degree of infection by helminths.
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Anti-helmínticos, Cavalos, Parasitismo, Resistência à drogas, Anthelmintics, Horses, Parasite, Drug resistance