Variabilidade espacial de atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos de um latossolo e componentes de produção da cultura do milho em áreas com e sem aplicação de microgeo® no cerrado
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Data
2022-03-04
Autores
Souza, Paulino Taveira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A agricultura de precisão, através da geoestatística, permite conhecer as variabilidades do solo, tornando possível identificar, nas áreas cultivadas, as zonas com restrições físicas, químicas e biológicas. Com o Intenso uso do solo para agricultura problemáticas como a compactação e a falta de vida no solo podem prejudicar a produtividade agrícola, o adubo biológico Microgeo® surge como uma opção de manejo. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo modelar a variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos de um Latossolo e componentes de produção da cultura do milho segunda safra, além de conhecer entre os dois tratamentos qual proporcionou melhor qualidade do solo com ou sem aplicação do adubo biológico Microgeo®. O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Santa Terezinha, localizada em Jataí, Goiás, Brasil. O solo da área é um Latossolo Vermelho. A área foi dividida quanto à aplicação do adubo biológico Microgeo®, na presença ou ausência. Foram realizados 50 pontos amostrais em cada área compondo a malha geostatistica. Foram analisados os seguintes atributos do solo: areia, silte, argila, matéria orgânica (M.O)., fósforo (P), potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM), respiração total do solo (RBS), coeficiente metabólico (qCO2), altura de planta (ALTP), altura de inserção de espiga (ALTE), número de grãos por espiga (NGE), massa de cem grãos (MCG), massa de espiga (ME) e comprimento da espiga (CE). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que a melhor qualidade biólogica e química do solo foi observada para a área sem aplicação de Microgeo®; a área com aplicação de Microgeo® apresenta maior homogeneidade espacial dos atributos do solo em comparação a área sem aplicação; a área sem aplicação de Microgeo® possui maior teor de argila com média variando entre 322 e 385 g kg-1; a produtividade de grãos foi superior em áreas com Microgeo®; para futuras intervenções de manejo específico do solo nas áreas deve-se: para a área com aplicação de Microgeo® utilizar alcances variando entre 91 e 189 m. Enquanto para área sem aplicação de Microgeo® os alcances variaram entre 61 e 179 m.
Precision agriculture, through geostatistics, makes it possible to know the variability of the soil, making it possible to identify, in cultivated areas, areas with physical, chemical and biological restrictions. With the intensive use of soil for agriculture, problems such as compaction and lack of soil life can harm agricultural productivity, the Microgeo® biological fertilizer emerges as a management option. In view of the above, the present research aimed to model the spatial variability of the physical, chemical and biological attributes of a Oxysol and production components of the corn crop and to know which of the two treatments provided better soil quality. The experiment was conducted at Fazenda Santa Terezinha, located in Jataí, Goiás, Brazil. The soil of the area is a Oxysol. The area was divided as to the application of Microgeo® biological fertilizer, in the presence or absence. Fifty sample points were made in each area composing the geostatistical mesh.The following soil attributes were analyzed: sand, silt, clay, organic matter, phosphorus, hydrogen potencial, microbial biomass carbon, total soil respiration, metabolic coefficient, plant height, ear insertion height, number of grains per ear, hundred grain mass, ear mass and ear length. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that the best biological and chemical quality of the soil was observed for the area without Microgeo® application; the area with Microgeo® application presented greater spatial homogeneity of soil attributes compared to the area without application; the area without Microgeo® application had higher clay content with average ranging between 322 and 385 g kg -1 ; productivity was higher in areas with Microgeo® application; for future specific soil management interventions in the areas must be considered: for the area with Microgeo® application use ranges varying between 91 and 189 m. For the area without Microgeo® application, ranges varying between 61 and 179 m should be used.
Precision agriculture, through geostatistics, makes it possible to know the variability of the soil, making it possible to identify, in cultivated areas, areas with physical, chemical and biological restrictions. With the intensive use of soil for agriculture, problems such as compaction and lack of soil life can harm agricultural productivity, the Microgeo® biological fertilizer emerges as a management option. In view of the above, the present research aimed to model the spatial variability of the physical, chemical and biological attributes of a Oxysol and production components of the corn crop and to know which of the two treatments provided better soil quality. The experiment was conducted at Fazenda Santa Terezinha, located in Jataí, Goiás, Brazil. The soil of the area is a Oxysol. The area was divided as to the application of Microgeo® biological fertilizer, in the presence or absence. Fifty sample points were made in each area composing the geostatistical mesh.The following soil attributes were analyzed: sand, silt, clay, organic matter, phosphorus, hydrogen potencial, microbial biomass carbon, total soil respiration, metabolic coefficient, plant height, ear insertion height, number of grains per ear, hundred grain mass, ear mass and ear length. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that the best biological and chemical quality of the soil was observed for the area without Microgeo® application; the area with Microgeo® application presented greater spatial homogeneity of soil attributes compared to the area without application; the area without Microgeo® application had higher clay content with average ranging between 322 and 385 g kg -1 ; productivity was higher in areas with Microgeo® application; for future specific soil management interventions in the areas must be considered: for the area with Microgeo® application use ranges varying between 91 and 189 m. For the area without Microgeo® application, ranges varying between 61 and 179 m should be used.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Geoestatística, Adubo biológico, Zea mays L., Agricultura de precisão, Geostatistics, Biological fertilizer, Precision agriculture