Potencial de uso de feijão de porco (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC) como fitorremediadora em solo contaminado com cobre
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2022-07-20
Autores
Santos, Beatriz Silvério dos
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A intensa atividade antrópica tem colaborado com o aumento e acúmulo de metais pesados no
solo, como por exemplo em regiões agrícolas, onde realizam aplicações de fungicidas a base de
cobre. Para mitigação desses metais no solo, tem sido desenvolvida técnicas de baixo custo, de
alta eficiência e sustentável, sendo uma dessas técnicas a fitorremediação, a qual utiliza espécies
vegetais como agente descontaminador de solos contaminados. As espécies leguminosas
possuem propriedades que auxiliam o seu desenvolvimento em solos degradados. Objetivou se avaliar o desenvolvimento, tolerância e potencial fitorremediador de Canavalia ensiformis
em resposta ao excesso de cobre no solo até o estágio reprodutivo. O experimento foi conduzido
em casa de vegetação, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O solo foi tratado com seis
doses, (0, 50, 150, 250, 350 mg/dm³ solo). Sementes de C. ensiformis foram semeadas em vasos
com capacidade de 4 dm³ no solo contaminado e cultivadas por 90 dias. Os parâmetros
fotossintéticos, foram analisados; o material vegetal foi coletado e os tecidos foram separados,
medidos e pesados para avaliação de crescimento. Foi determinado o valor de alguns nutrientes
do solo. Determinou- se a tolerância e o potencial fitorremediador da espécie. Os dados foram
submetidos a análise de variância, e Scott- Knott, no software SISVAR, a 5% de probabilidade,
a fim de averiguar as diferenças entre os tratamentos. A C. ensiformis absorveu e acumulou o
cobre nos órgãos vegetais, majoritariamente, nas raízes. A biomassa e as trocas gasosas foram
afetadas, porém a espécie vegetal apresentou tolerância até concentração de 150mg Cu/ dm³ de
solo. A C. ensiformis apresenta potencial como fitoestabilizadora de solos contaminados com
cobre, o que pode contribuir com outros estudos que sejam feitos a campo, dependendo da
concentração de cobre presente no ambiente, ou a utilização de solos de uma área contaminada
para condução de experimentos em casa de vegetação.
he intense anthropic activity has contributed to the increase and accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, such as in agricultural regions, where they perform applications of copper-based fungicides. To mitigate these metals in the soil, low cost, high efficiency and sustainable techniques have been developed, and one of these techniques is phytoremediation, which uses plant species as a decontaminating agent of contaminated soils. Leguminous species have properties that help their development in degraded soils. This study aimed to evaluate the development, tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Canavalia ensiformis in response to excess of copper in the soil until the reproductive stage. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse, in a completely randomized design. The soil was treated with six doses (0, 50, 150, 250, 350 mg/dm³ soil). Seeds of C. ensiformis were sown in pots with a capacity of 4 dm³ in contaminated soil and cultivated for 90 days. The photosynthetic parameters were analyzed; the plant material was collected and the tissues were separated, measured and weighed for growth evaluation. The value of some soil nutrients was determined. Tolerance and phytoremediation potential of the species were determined. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, and Scott-Knott, in the SISVAR software, at 5% probability, in order to investigate the differences between the treatments. C. ensiformis absorbed and accumulated copper in the plant organs, mostly in the roots. Biomass and gas exchange were affected, but the plant species showed tolerance to concentration of 150mg Cu/ dm³ of soil. C. ensiformis has potential as a phytostabilizer of copper contaminated soils, which may contribute to other field studies, depending on the concentration of copper present in the environment, or the use of soil from a contaminated area for conducting experiments in a greenhouse.
he intense anthropic activity has contributed to the increase and accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, such as in agricultural regions, where they perform applications of copper-based fungicides. To mitigate these metals in the soil, low cost, high efficiency and sustainable techniques have been developed, and one of these techniques is phytoremediation, which uses plant species as a decontaminating agent of contaminated soils. Leguminous species have properties that help their development in degraded soils. This study aimed to evaluate the development, tolerance and phytoremediation potential of Canavalia ensiformis in response to excess of copper in the soil until the reproductive stage. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse, in a completely randomized design. The soil was treated with six doses (0, 50, 150, 250, 350 mg/dm³ soil). Seeds of C. ensiformis were sown in pots with a capacity of 4 dm³ in contaminated soil and cultivated for 90 days. The photosynthetic parameters were analyzed; the plant material was collected and the tissues were separated, measured and weighed for growth evaluation. The value of some soil nutrients was determined. Tolerance and phytoremediation potential of the species were determined. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, and Scott-Knott, in the SISVAR software, at 5% probability, in order to investigate the differences between the treatments. C. ensiformis absorbed and accumulated copper in the plant organs, mostly in the roots. Biomass and gas exchange were affected, but the plant species showed tolerance to concentration of 150mg Cu/ dm³ of soil. C. ensiformis has potential as a phytostabilizer of copper contaminated soils, which may contribute to other field studies, depending on the concentration of copper present in the environment, or the use of soil from a contaminated area for conducting experiments in a greenhouse.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biomassa, Metal pesado, Contaminação, Fitoestabilizadora, Tolerância, Biomass, Heavy metal, Contamination, Phytostabilizer, Tolerância