Influência de diferentes doses de radiação no desenvolvimento de periodontite apical em ratos submetidos a radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço.
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Data
2022-02-18
Autores
Guerrero, Gustavo Guimarães
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A periodontite apical (PA) é uma patologia comum, entretanto, poucos estudos foram realizados sobre a mesma após a radioterapia (RT). Portanto, o presente estudo avaliou a influência de diferentes doses de radiação no desenvolvimento de periodontite apical em ratos submetidos a radioterapia de cabeça e pescoço. Para essa avaliação, 54 ratos machos Wistar foram alocados em 6 grupos (n=9) de acordo com a dose de irradiação: RT-7,5 (dose única de 7,5 Gy); RT-10 (dose única de 10 Gy); RT-15 (dose única de 15 Gy); RT-30 (dose única de 30 Gy); Controle-PA (sem RT e indução de PA); Controle (sem RT e sem PA). Os animais foram irradiados na região da face direita e após 7 dias da realização da RT foi induzido a lesão periapical. Para indução de PA, as cavidades pulpares dos primeiros molares foram expostas ao meio bucal por 21 dias. As amostras da região apical dos primeiros molares foram submetidas a análises: a) análise comportamental por meio do campo aberto e labirinto; b) radiográfica e por microtomografia computadorizada, para medir a área e o volume da PA; c)histológica, para medir o grau de inflamação periapical; d)histomorfométrica para avaliar o nível de reabsorção óssea periapical. Os dados foram avaliados por testes estatísticos descritivos e inferenciais, conforme dados obtidos, segundo sua normalidade, em testes paramétricos e não paramétricos. Verificou-se que a dose de 30 Gy foi letal quando aplicada na região de cabeça e pescoço. Os animais tiveram menor ganho de peso quando submetidos a RT mas não houve diferença estatística em nenhum momento avaliado. Nas análises de campo aberto e labirinto verificou-se menor mobilidade dos animais dos grupos RT tanto no dia 7 como no final do experimento quando comparados aos controles (p<0,05). Na análise microtomográfica verificou-se que a PA foi maior nos grupos irradiados sendo que o grupo RT-15 apresentou a maior PA quando comparado aos demais (p<0,05). Conclui-se que a RT é um tratamento que induz um processo de estresse e depressão nos animais; quanto maior a dose utilizada, maior a PA desenvolvida nesses animais. A dose de 30Gy é letal quando utilizada na região de cabeça e pescoço e a dose de 15Gy mostrou maior volume de lesão periapical sendo a melhor dosagem a ser utilizada para estudos na Endodontia.
Apical periodontitis (AP) is a common pathology, although few studies have been conducted on this one after radiotherapy (RT). Therefore, this project evaluates the influence of different radiation doses on the development of apical periodontitis in rats. For this evaluation, 54 male Wistar rats were allocated into 6 groups (n = 9) according to the irradiation dose: RT-7.5 (single dose of 7.5 Gy); RT-10 (10 Gy single dose); RT-15 (15 Gy single dose); RT-30 (30 Gy single dose); PA-Control (without RT and PA induction); Control (without RT and without PA). The animals were irradiated in the region of the right face and after 7 days of RT, a periapical lesion was induced. For PA induction, the pulp cavities of the first molars were exposed to the oral environment for 21 days. As the ones in the apical region of the first molars were submitted to analyses: a) behavioral analysis through the open field and Y-maze b) radiographic and computerized microtomography, to measure the area and the volume of the PA; c) histological, to measure the degree of periapical inflammation; d) histomorphometric to assess the level of periapical bone resorption. Data was obtained by descriptive and inferential statistical tests, according to data obtained, according to its normality, in parametric and non-parametric tests. It was found that the dose of 30 Gy was lethal when applied to the head and neck region. The animals had less weight gain when subjected to RT but there was no statistical difference at any time evaluated. In the open field and Y-maze analyses, lower mobility of animals in the RT groups was found both on day 7 and at the end of the experiment when compared to controls (p<0.05). The microtomographic analysis showed that the PA was higher in the irradiated groups, and the RT-15 group had the highest PA when compared to the others (p<0.05). It is concluded that RT is a treatment that induces a process of stress and depression in animals; the higher the dose used, the higher the BP developed in these animals. The 30Gy dose is lethal when used in the head and neck region and the 15Gy dose showed a greater volume of periapical lesion, being the best dose to be used for studies in Endodontics.
Apical periodontitis (AP) is a common pathology, although few studies have been conducted on this one after radiotherapy (RT). Therefore, this project evaluates the influence of different radiation doses on the development of apical periodontitis in rats. For this evaluation, 54 male Wistar rats were allocated into 6 groups (n = 9) according to the irradiation dose: RT-7.5 (single dose of 7.5 Gy); RT-10 (10 Gy single dose); RT-15 (15 Gy single dose); RT-30 (30 Gy single dose); PA-Control (without RT and PA induction); Control (without RT and without PA). The animals were irradiated in the region of the right face and after 7 days of RT, a periapical lesion was induced. For PA induction, the pulp cavities of the first molars were exposed to the oral environment for 21 days. As the ones in the apical region of the first molars were submitted to analyses: a) behavioral analysis through the open field and Y-maze b) radiographic and computerized microtomography, to measure the area and the volume of the PA; c) histological, to measure the degree of periapical inflammation; d) histomorphometric to assess the level of periapical bone resorption. Data was obtained by descriptive and inferential statistical tests, according to data obtained, according to its normality, in parametric and non-parametric tests. It was found that the dose of 30 Gy was lethal when applied to the head and neck region. The animals had less weight gain when subjected to RT but there was no statistical difference at any time evaluated. In the open field and Y-maze analyses, lower mobility of animals in the RT groups was found both on day 7 and at the end of the experiment when compared to controls (p<0.05). The microtomographic analysis showed that the PA was higher in the irradiated groups, and the RT-15 group had the highest PA when compared to the others (p<0.05). It is concluded that RT is a treatment that induces a process of stress and depression in animals; the higher the dose used, the higher the BP developed in these animals. The 30Gy dose is lethal when used in the head and neck region and the 15Gy dose showed a greater volume of periapical lesion, being the best dose to be used for studies in Endodontics.
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Palavras-chave
periodontite periapical, radiação ionizante, radioterapia, rato, periapical periodontitis, ionizing radiation, radiotherapy, rat