Desempenho físico-mecânico de painéis MDP produzidos com dois diferentes adesivos
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Data
2022-03-09
Autores
Ferreira, Henrique Mamoru Yoshida
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O estudo reativo ao uso mais racional da matéria prima segue uma linha importante quando se pensa em aproveitamento da madeira. Esta pesquisa teve como intuito analisar o comportamento de painéis de MDP produzidos com resina de poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona e de fenol-formaldeído quanto ao desempenho físico-mecânico e, também, quanto a correlação entre os modelos para obtenção de módulo de elasticidade, sendo o método não destrutivo de excitação por impulso e o destrutivo tradicional em máquina de ensaio. Inicialmente, foi realizado um levantamento teórico com base na literatura disponível para embasamento do tema especialmente quanto as correlações entre métodos destrutivos e não destrutivos. Em seguida, foram produzidos os painéis e caracterizados conforme as normas ABNT NBR 14810-2 para a determinação das propriedades físicas de densidade, teor de umidade e inchamento em espessura e, propriedade mecânica de resistência na flexão estática e ASTM E 1876 (2015) para determinar a rigidez através de método destrutivo e não destrutivo. Por fim, foram analisados os resultados por meio do software estatístico R e comparados entre si e com documento normativo. Os resultados físicos indicaram que a densidade do painel está dentro de média, e o inchamento em espessura apresentou melhor resultado para os painéis produzidos com resina poliuretana, assim, como no teste de flexão estática. Os painéis produzidos com fenol-formaldeído tiveram resultados insatisfatórios devido a qualidade do adesivo utilizado. Os resultados para o teste destrutivo e não destrutivo de rigidez apresentaram valores de 0,49 e 0,67 para o R² nos painéis de MDP produzidos com adesivo de fenol-formaldeído e poliuretana à base de óleo de mamona, respectivamente. Com isso, mostrou que houve melhor ajuste para o painel de PU, porém, se mostrou um ajuste ainda baixo, mesmo mantendo uma relação com os valores encontrados em literatura. A pesquisa indicou que a qualidade do adesivo é fundamental para obter bons resultados e que são necessários aprimoramentos no modelo não destrutivo, principalmente, por conta de não possuir parâmetros específicos para analisar o comportamento de MDP.
The study on the more rational use of raw material follows an important line when thinking about the use of wood. This study aimed to analyse the behavior of MDP panels produced with castor oil-based polyurethane (PU) resin and phenolformaldehyde regarding correlation physical-mechanical performance as well às the correlation between the models to obtain the modulus of elasticity, being the non-destructive impulse excitation and the traditional destructive method in a testing machine. At first, a theoretical survey was carried out based on the available literature to support the theme, especially regarding the correlation between destructive and non-destructive methods. Then the panels were produced and characterized according to ABNT NBR 14810-2 and ASTM E 1876 (2015) standarts, to determinate the physical properties of density, moisture content and swelling in thickness, and mechanical property of resistance in static bending and rigidity through destructive and non-destructive methods. Following, the values were analyzed using the R² statistical software and compared to each other and with a normative document. The physical results indicated that the density of the panel is within the average and the swelling in thickness presented better results for the panels produced with polyurethane resins as well as in the static bending test. The panels produced with phenol-formaldehyde had unsatisfactory results due to poor quality of the adhesive used. The results for the destructive and non-destructive stiffness test showed values of 0.49 and 0.67 for R² in MDP panels produced with phenol-formaldehyde and polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil, respectively. Therefore the study showed that there was a better fit for the PU panel, however, it was still a low fit, even maintaining a relation with the values found in the literature. Hence, the research shows that improvements are needed in the non-destructive model, mainly because it does not have specific parameters to analyze the behavior of MDP.
The study on the more rational use of raw material follows an important line when thinking about the use of wood. This study aimed to analyse the behavior of MDP panels produced with castor oil-based polyurethane (PU) resin and phenolformaldehyde regarding correlation physical-mechanical performance as well às the correlation between the models to obtain the modulus of elasticity, being the non-destructive impulse excitation and the traditional destructive method in a testing machine. At first, a theoretical survey was carried out based on the available literature to support the theme, especially regarding the correlation between destructive and non-destructive methods. Then the panels were produced and characterized according to ABNT NBR 14810-2 and ASTM E 1876 (2015) standarts, to determinate the physical properties of density, moisture content and swelling in thickness, and mechanical property of resistance in static bending and rigidity through destructive and non-destructive methods. Following, the values were analyzed using the R² statistical software and compared to each other and with a normative document. The physical results indicated that the density of the panel is within the average and the swelling in thickness presented better results for the panels produced with polyurethane resins as well as in the static bending test. The panels produced with phenol-formaldehyde had unsatisfactory results due to poor quality of the adhesive used. The results for the destructive and non-destructive stiffness test showed values of 0.49 and 0.67 for R² in MDP panels produced with phenol-formaldehyde and polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil, respectively. Therefore the study showed that there was a better fit for the PU panel, however, it was still a low fit, even maintaining a relation with the values found in the literature. Hence, the research shows that improvements are needed in the non-destructive model, mainly because it does not have specific parameters to analyze the behavior of MDP.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Painéis de madeira, Caracterização mecânica não destrutiva, Colagem, Wood panels, Non-destructive mechanical characterization, Collage