Os impactos da geração distribuída no custo operacional das concessionárias de distribuição
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2022-09-14
Autores
Souza, Luis Fernando de
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Sob o caminho do desenvolvimento global de baixo carbono, aumentar a proporção de energia renovável na rede elétrica se tornará o principal objetivo no futuro. Mundialmente, busca-se viabilizar a inserção de fontes renováveis na matriz energética com o objetivo de diminuir a emissão de gases poluentes a atmosfera e aumentar a capacidade de geração de energia elétrica, principalmente, após a crise mundial do petróleo na década de 1970. Destaca-se a preocupação mundial dos governos em fomentar políticas públicas de regulação para incluir o uso de tecnologias menos poluidoras na matriz energética e promover a economia. No Brasil, a geração distribuída - GD com o objetivo da sustentabilidade, energia limpa e redução de custos com o uso da energia elétrica nas diversas atividades, residenciais, comerciais, rurais e indústria, aumentou exponencialmente e impulsiona cada vez mais os consumidores no Brasil aderir a instalação de sistemas on-grid nas modalidades de micro ou minigeração distribuída - MMGD conectados à rede de distribuição. Nessa dissertação realizou-se um estudo da escala do tempo desde o primeiro marco regulatório que permite a inserção do prossumidor no sistema elétrico nas modalidades de micro e minigeração. Estudou-se o caso de uma planta solar on-grid residencial abordando aspectos técnicos de dimensionamento e financeiros de retorno do investimento pelo sistema net metering de compensação da energia gerada. Os resultados da análise dessa inserção exponencial na matriz energética apontam para um dos possíveis impactos relacionados aos custos operacionais das concessionárias de distribuição para adequar as equipes de campo à prestação de serviços envolvendo a geração distribuída, sendo necessário a previsão destes custos na regulamentação que determina a tarifa de energia e revisões tarifárias. A análise apresentada nessa dissertação evidencia a necessidade de ajustes na legislação para reequilibrar estes custos em função das novas tecnologias associadas a rede de distribuição.
Under the path of global low carbon development, increasing the proportion of renewable energy in the electricity grid will become the main objective in the future. Worldwide, efforts are being made to introduce renewable sources into the energy matrix with the aim of reducing the emission of polluting gases into the atmosphere and increasing the capacity to generate electricity, especially after the world oil crisis in the 1970s. There is a worldwide concern of governments to promote public regulatory policies to include the use of less polluting technologies in the energy matrix and promote the economy. In Brazil, distributed generation - DG with the objective of sustainability, clean energy and cost reduction with the use of electric energy in the various activities, residential, commercial, rural and industry, has increased exponentially and increasingly drives consumers in Brazil to join the installation of on-grid systems in the modalities of microgeneration or distributed minigeneration - MMGD connected to the distribution network. In this dissertation, a study of the time scale was carried out since the first regulatory framework that allows the insertion of the prosumer in the electric system in the modalities of micro and minigeneration. The case of a residential on-grid solar plant was studied, addressing technical aspects of dimensioning and financial return on investment by the net metering system to compensate for the generated energy. The results of the analysis of this exponential insertion in the energy matrix point to one of the possible impacts related to the Operating Costs of Distribution Concessionaires to adapt field teams to the provision of services involving distributed generation, being necessary the forecast of these costs in the regulation that determines the energy tariff and its tariff revisions. The analysis presented in this dissertation highlights the need for adjustments in the legislation to rebalance these costs due to the new technologies associated with the distribution network.
Under the path of global low carbon development, increasing the proportion of renewable energy in the electricity grid will become the main objective in the future. Worldwide, efforts are being made to introduce renewable sources into the energy matrix with the aim of reducing the emission of polluting gases into the atmosphere and increasing the capacity to generate electricity, especially after the world oil crisis in the 1970s. There is a worldwide concern of governments to promote public regulatory policies to include the use of less polluting technologies in the energy matrix and promote the economy. In Brazil, distributed generation - DG with the objective of sustainability, clean energy and cost reduction with the use of electric energy in the various activities, residential, commercial, rural and industry, has increased exponentially and increasingly drives consumers in Brazil to join the installation of on-grid systems in the modalities of microgeneration or distributed minigeneration - MMGD connected to the distribution network. In this dissertation, a study of the time scale was carried out since the first regulatory framework that allows the insertion of the prosumer in the electric system in the modalities of micro and minigeneration. The case of a residential on-grid solar plant was studied, addressing technical aspects of dimensioning and financial return on investment by the net metering system to compensate for the generated energy. The results of the analysis of this exponential insertion in the energy matrix point to one of the possible impacts related to the Operating Costs of Distribution Concessionaires to adapt field teams to the provision of services involving distributed generation, being necessary the forecast of these costs in the regulation that determines the energy tariff and its tariff revisions. The analysis presented in this dissertation highlights the need for adjustments in the legislation to rebalance these costs due to the new technologies associated with the distribution network.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Marco regulatório, Prossumidor, Geração Distribuída, Micro e Minigeração Distribuída, Revisão Tarifária, Custos Operacionais, Regulation mark, Prosumer, Micro and mini distributed generation, Tariff review, Operating costs, Distributed generation