Ansiedade no ambiente pré-competitivo: uma revisão sobre os esportes coletivos
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Data
2022-11-17
Autores
Buzo, Tamires Oliveira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O desempenho esportivo de alto nível impõe pesadas exigências físicas e psicológicas dos atletas, o que pode ser uma fonte de aumento dos níveis de ansiedade pré-competitiva. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de realizar uma análise como a ansiedade pré-competitiva ingerência no desempenho dos esportes coletivos, além disto, destacar a importância de se trabalhá-la no processo de treinamento de equipes. Foi mencionado que a ansiedade pré-competitiva é uma realidade e que foi encontrada a presença de ansiedade cognitiva, ansiedade somática e autoconfiança dos esportistas antes e depois das competições, consequentemente, ansiedade traço e estado nos estudos considerados, em virtude disso, treinadores devem considerar os aspectos fisiológicos e traços psicológicos, estudar cuidadosamente seu ambiente social e desenvolver abordagens que diminuam a ansiedade. Devem ser aplicados programas para ensinar técnicas e métodos para lidar com a ansiedade aos esportistas, portanto, devem ser empregados especialistas e psicólogos nos clubes. Foi mencionado que estas situações de ansiedade pré-competitiva podem ser trabalhadas por meio de avaliação, através dos instrumentos Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) e o Teste de Ansiedade Pré-Competitiva, relevantes para mensurar o nível de ansiedade de atletas pré-competição, acresce-se a isso meios de intervenção para mitigar a ansiedade, como protocolo de relaxamento progressivo para a melhora do desempenho esportivo, intervenções para a otimização de capacidades psicológicas tende a alterar o estado mental dos atletas e aprimorar a performance das habilidades e competências esportivas. As informações expostas neste trabalho são de cruciais para profissionais de educação física, fisiologistas e da psicologia esportiva, pois permitem secundar o cabedal de informações do comportamento esportivo de atletas de esportes coletivos, consequentemente, intervir na realidade quando observadas situações de ansiedade.
High-level sports performance imposes heavy physical and psychological demands on athletes, which can be a source of increased pre-competitive anxiety levels. The objective of this work was to carry out an analysis of how pre-competitive anxiety interferes with the performance of team sports, furthermore, to highlight the importance of working with it in the team training process. It was mentioned that precompetitive anxiety is a reality and that the presence of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence of athletes before and after competitions was found, consequently, trait and state anxiety in the studies considered, because of this, coaches should consider physiological aspects and psychological traits, carefully study their social environment, and develop approaches that reduce anxiety. Programs must be implemented to teach sportsmen techniques and methods to deal with anxiety, therefore, specialists and psychologists must be employed in clubs. It was mentioned that these pre-competitive anxiety situations can be addressed through assessment, through the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) and the Pre-Competitive Anxiety Test, which are relevant In order to measure the anxiety level of pre-competition athletes, there are also means of intervention to mitigate anxiety, such as a progressive relaxation protocol to improve sports performance, interventions for the optimization of psychological capacities tend to change the mental state athletes and improve the performance of sports skills and competences. The information exposed in this work is crucial for physical education professionals, physiologists and sports psychology, as they allow to support the background of information on the sporting behavior of athletes in team sports, consequently, to intervene in reality when situations of anxiety are observed.
High-level sports performance imposes heavy physical and psychological demands on athletes, which can be a source of increased pre-competitive anxiety levels. The objective of this work was to carry out an analysis of how pre-competitive anxiety interferes with the performance of team sports, furthermore, to highlight the importance of working with it in the team training process. It was mentioned that precompetitive anxiety is a reality and that the presence of cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence of athletes before and after competitions was found, consequently, trait and state anxiety in the studies considered, because of this, coaches should consider physiological aspects and psychological traits, carefully study their social environment, and develop approaches that reduce anxiety. Programs must be implemented to teach sportsmen techniques and methods to deal with anxiety, therefore, specialists and psychologists must be employed in clubs. It was mentioned that these pre-competitive anxiety situations can be addressed through assessment, through the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), Sport Competition Anxiety Test (SCAT) and the Pre-Competitive Anxiety Test, which are relevant In order to measure the anxiety level of pre-competition athletes, there are also means of intervention to mitigate anxiety, such as a progressive relaxation protocol to improve sports performance, interventions for the optimization of psychological capacities tend to change the mental state athletes and improve the performance of sports skills and competences. The information exposed in this work is crucial for physical education professionals, physiologists and sports psychology, as they allow to support the background of information on the sporting behavior of athletes in team sports, consequently, to intervene in reality when situations of anxiety are observed.
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Palavras-chave
Atletas, Ansiedade, Ansiedade pré-competitiva, Esporte, Prática esportiva, Athletes, Anxiety, Pre-competitive anxiety, Sport, Sports practice