Diversidade de fungos endofíticos de Psidium cattleianum (Araçá)
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Data
2022-11-09
Autores
André, Bianca Lariza Oliveira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os fungos endofíticos são um grupo diverso de microrganismos que vivem no interior dos tecidos das plantas e apresentam importância ecológica para desenvolvimento do seu hospedeiro. Psidium cattleianum (Myrtales: Myrtaceae: “Araçá”) é uma espécie nativa do Brasil que apresenta um potencial econômico devido ao uso dos seus frutos, madeira e óleos essenciais. Apesar dessa importância, a diversidade de fungos endofíticos associada P. cattleianum é ainda desconhecida. Neste estudo, acessamos a diversidade de fungos endofíticos de folhas de P. cattleianum, utilizando métodos de isolamento dependentes de cultivo, análise de caracteres macroscópicos dos isolados, bem como análises filogenéticas utilizando o marcador barcode ITS. Um total de 396 isolados pertencentes a 26 grupos de fungos foi obtido, i.e., Alternaria, Amycosphaerella, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Coprinellus, Coriolopsis, Diaporthe, Induratia, Muyocoprom, Myrmecridium, Neofusicoccum, Pantospora, Paracamarosporium, Parapallidocercospora, Paraphaeosphaeria, Penicillium, Perenniporia, Phaeophleospora, Phomopsis, Phyllocista, Pseudofusicoccum, Talaromyces, Xylaria, Sordariomycetes e Xylariomycetes. Os nossos resultados mostram uma grande diversidade de fungos associados às folhas de P. cattleianum, contudo, as análises sugerem que existe uma diversidade de fungos ainda maior nesta planta. Por outro lado, embora P. cattleianum esteja associada a fungos endofíticos semelhantes ao dos seus clados irmãos, esta planta apresenta uma comunidade fúngica própria, uma vez que existem alguns gêneros de fungos, assim como sete possíveis espécies novas, isoladas neste trabalho, que ainda não foram reportados em associação com o gênero Psidium. Este estudo preenche uma lacuna do conhecimento, sobre a diversidade de fungos endofíticos associados a P. cattleianum, que ajudara á futuros pesquisadores a compreender a diversidade de fungos endófitos associados ao gênero Psidium.
Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that live inside plant tissues and are ecologically important because they can influence host development. Psidium cattleianum (Myrtales: Myrtaceae: “Araçá”) is a plant species native from Brazil that presents an economic potential due to the use of its fruits, wood, and essential oils. Despite this importance, the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with P. cattleianum is still unknown. Here we assessed the diversity of endophytic fungi in leaves of P. cattleianum using culture-dependent isolation methods, macroscopic character analysis, as well as phylogenetic analysis using the barcode ITS. A total of 396 isolates belonging to 26 groups of fungi were obtained, i.e., Alternaria, Amycosphaerella, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Coprinellus, Coriolopsis, Diaporthe, Induratia, Muyocoprom, Myrmecridium, Neofusicoccum, Pantospora, Paracamarosporium, Parapallidocercospora, Paraphaeosphaeria, Penicillium, Perenniporia, Phaeophleospora, Phomopsis, Phyllocista, Pseudofusicoccum, Talaromyces, Xylaria, Sordariomycetes and Xylariomycetes. Our results showed a great diversity of fungi associated with the leaves of P. cattleianum, yet the analyzes suggest that there is an even greater diversity of fungi associated with this plant. On the other hand, although P. cattleianum is associated with endophytic fungi similar to its sister clades, this plant has its own fungal community, since there are some fungal genera as well as seven possible new species, isolated in this work, which have not yet been reported in association with Psidium. This study fills a gap about the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with P. cattleianum, which will help future researchers to understand the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with the genus Psidium.
Endophytic fungi are a diverse group of microorganisms that live inside plant tissues and are ecologically important because they can influence host development. Psidium cattleianum (Myrtales: Myrtaceae: “Araçá”) is a plant species native from Brazil that presents an economic potential due to the use of its fruits, wood, and essential oils. Despite this importance, the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with P. cattleianum is still unknown. Here we assessed the diversity of endophytic fungi in leaves of P. cattleianum using culture-dependent isolation methods, macroscopic character analysis, as well as phylogenetic analysis using the barcode ITS. A total of 396 isolates belonging to 26 groups of fungi were obtained, i.e., Alternaria, Amycosphaerella, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Coprinellus, Coriolopsis, Diaporthe, Induratia, Muyocoprom, Myrmecridium, Neofusicoccum, Pantospora, Paracamarosporium, Parapallidocercospora, Paraphaeosphaeria, Penicillium, Perenniporia, Phaeophleospora, Phomopsis, Phyllocista, Pseudofusicoccum, Talaromyces, Xylaria, Sordariomycetes and Xylariomycetes. Our results showed a great diversity of fungi associated with the leaves of P. cattleianum, yet the analyzes suggest that there is an even greater diversity of fungi associated with this plant. On the other hand, although P. cattleianum is associated with endophytic fungi similar to its sister clades, this plant has its own fungal community, since there are some fungal genera as well as seven possible new species, isolated in this work, which have not yet been reported in association with Psidium. This study fills a gap about the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with P. cattleianum, which will help future researchers to understand the diversity of endophytic fungi associated with the genus Psidium.
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Palavras-chave
Fungos simbiontes, Myrtaceae, Associação planta-fungo, Morfologia de fungos, Filogenia, Symbiotic fungi, Plant-fungus association, Fungal morphology, Phylogeny