Decifrando a base molecular de compostos bioativos em Coffea arabica: perfil transcricional de diterpeno sintases em tandem
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Data
2022-12-01
Autores
Tagliaferro, Matheus Oziliero
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Terpenos constituem uma classe de compostos químicos amplamente diversa em plantas, desempenhando funções relacionadas ao metabolismo primário e especializado desses organismos, estando, muitas vezes, restritos a linhagens ou espécies específicas. A biossíntese de terpenos é catalisada por terpeno sintases (TPS), uma família de enzimas cujas propriedades variam entre si. Tal variação relaciona-se a eventos de expansão aos quais os genes codificantes das TPS foram submetidos ao longo da evolução de plantas terrestres, os quais encontram-se frequentemente organizados em clusters como resultado de episódios de duplicação e neofuncionalização genética. Análises recentes detectaram relações de homologia entre clusters de diterpeno sintases em Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae), Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae) e nas espécies de cafeeiro Coffea canephora (Rubiaceae) e Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae), com variações quanto ao padrão de expressão e ao produto sintetizado. C. arabica, de histórica relevância econômica, carece das estruturas vegetativas nas quais os genes em questão são majoritariamente expressos nessas espécies de Solanaceae, o que aventa indagações acerca do perfil de expressão e função desses genes nessa espécie de cafeeiro. Ademais, dada sua importância econômica, é substancial investigar os possíveis efeitos das mudanças climáticas previstas sobre elementos do metabolismo especializado de C. arabica. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi investigar o perfil transcricional de sete diterpeno sintases dispostas em tandem no genoma de C. arabica. Para apurar o perfil transcricional desses genes relacionados à síntese de diterpenos na espécie Coffea arabica, foram reanalisados dados de 48 bibliotecas de RNA-seq de C. arabica, oriundas de quatro estudos relacionados à resposta da espécie a estressores ambientais e ativação de defesas, bem como estágios da maturação do fruto. Análises de expressão diferencial revelaram que cinco genes apresentaram baixos níveis transcricionais, e dois mostraram expressão diferencial entre experimentos. Foram detectadas variações em relação aos órgãos em que esses genes são transcritos, bem como a modulação do nível transcricional em resposta às condições às quais as plantas foram submetidas. Esses resultados representam um passo inicial no delineamento do perfil transcricional e entendimento funcional desses genes na produção de metabólitos especializados em C. arabica, que podem deter interesse aplicado.
Terpenes constitute a widely diverse class of chemical compounds in plants, performing functions related to the primary and specialized metabolism of these organisms, being, many times, restricted to specific lineages or species. Terpene biosynthesis is catalyzed by terpene synthases (TPS), a family of enzymes whose properties vary among themselves. Such variation is related to expansion events to which TPS coding genes were submitted throughout the evolution of land plants, which are often organized in clusters as a result of episodes of genetic duplication and neofunctionalization. Recent analyzes have detected homology relationships between clusters of diterpene synthases in Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae), Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae) and in the coffee species Coffea canephora (Rubiaceae) and Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae), with variations in expression pattern and product. synthetized. C. arabica, of historical economic importance, lacks the vegetative structures in which the genes in question are mostly expressed in these Solanaceae species, which raises questions about the expression profile and function of these genes in this coffee species. Furthermore, given its economic importance, it is substantial to investigate the possible effects of predicted climate change on elements of the specialized metabolism of C. arabica. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the transcriptional profile of seven diterpene synthases arranged in tandem in the genome of C. arabica. In order to determine the transcriptional profile of these genes related to the synthesis of diterpenes in Coffea arabica, data from 48 RNA-seq libraries of C. arabica were reanalyzed, from four studies related to the response of the species to environmental stressors and activation of defenses, as well as as stages of fruit maturation. Differential expression analyzes revealed that five genes showed low transcriptional levels, and two showed differential expression between experiments. Variations were detected in relation to the organs in which these genes are transcribed, as well as the modulation of the transcriptional level in response to the conditions to which the plants were submitted. These results represent an initial step in delineating the transcriptional profile and functional understanding of these genes in the production of specialized metabolites in C. arabica, which may be of applied interest.
Terpenes constitute a widely diverse class of chemical compounds in plants, performing functions related to the primary and specialized metabolism of these organisms, being, many times, restricted to specific lineages or species. Terpene biosynthesis is catalyzed by terpene synthases (TPS), a family of enzymes whose properties vary among themselves. Such variation is related to expansion events to which TPS coding genes were submitted throughout the evolution of land plants, which are often organized in clusters as a result of episodes of genetic duplication and neofunctionalization. Recent analyzes have detected homology relationships between clusters of diterpene synthases in Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae), Solanum lycopersicum (Solanaceae) and in the coffee species Coffea canephora (Rubiaceae) and Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae), with variations in expression pattern and product. synthetized. C. arabica, of historical economic importance, lacks the vegetative structures in which the genes in question are mostly expressed in these Solanaceae species, which raises questions about the expression profile and function of these genes in this coffee species. Furthermore, given its economic importance, it is substantial to investigate the possible effects of predicted climate change on elements of the specialized metabolism of C. arabica. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the transcriptional profile of seven diterpene synthases arranged in tandem in the genome of C. arabica. In order to determine the transcriptional profile of these genes related to the synthesis of diterpenes in Coffea arabica, data from 48 RNA-seq libraries of C. arabica were reanalyzed, from four studies related to the response of the species to environmental stressors and activation of defenses, as well as as stages of fruit maturation. Differential expression analyzes revealed that five genes showed low transcriptional levels, and two showed differential expression between experiments. Variations were detected in relation to the organs in which these genes are transcribed, as well as the modulation of the transcriptional level in response to the conditions to which the plants were submitted. These results represent an initial step in delineating the transcriptional profile and functional understanding of these genes in the production of specialized metabolites in C. arabica, which may be of applied interest.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Genética vegetal, Diterpenos, Sequenciamento de nucleotídeos em larga escala, Café, Plant genetics, Diterpenes, High-throughput nucleotide sequencing, Coffee