Ensino de Física e experimentos: ênfases e perspectivas de um laboratório didático
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Data
2022-12-25
Autores
Santos, Vinicius Fernandes dos
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho analisamos os experimentos encontrados em um laboratório didático de uma escola estadual pública de ensino básico na
cidade de Rio Claro - SP, da Rede Pública Estadual, buscando identificar
quais áreas da Física eram mais privilegiadas. Documentos, como os Guias
de Experimentos do fabricante, foram estudados para entender as
indicações de possíveis usos dos conjuntos. Durante a pesquisa foram
analisados indícios de como alunos se relacionam com o material didático
experimental no ambiente escolar, como os professores os utilizam, sob a
perspectiva dos saberes docentes. Observamos como é a relação de
professores em formação quando interagem com o material experimental,
para preparar determinada prática, durantes a disciplina Prática de Ensino
de Física. O estudo evidenciou que (a) a área de Mecânica é a mais
destacada dentre aquelas identificadas no material experimental e (b) que
os materiais são pouco utilizados nas atividades didáticas, até mesmo no
evento anual Feira de Conhecimentos. O aprendizado para a utilização dos
conjuntos experimentais requer tempo e dedicação, para o estudo e ajustes
dos equipamentos, tais conhecimentos, ausentes da formação inicial do
professor, podem ser construídos nos chamados Saberes Docentes da
prática pedagógica.
In this work we analyze the experiments found in a didactic laboratory of a state public elementary school in the city of Rio Claro - SP, of the State Public Network, seeking to identify which areas of Physics were more privileged. Documents, such as the manufacturer's Experiment Guides, were studied to understand the indications of possible uses of the sets. During the research, evidence of how students relate to experimental didactic material in the school environment, how teachers use them, from the perspective of teaching knowledge, was analyzed. We observed how the relationship of teachers in training is when they interact with the experimental material, to prepare a certain practice, during the discipline Practice of Teaching Physics. The study showed that (a) the area of Mechanics is the most prominent among those identified in the experimental material and (b) that the materials are little used in didactic activities, even in the annual Knowledge Fair event. Learning to use the experimental sets requires time and dedication, for the study and adjustments of the equipment, such knowledge, absent from the teacher's initial training, can be built in the so-called Teaching Knowledge of the pedagogical practice.
In this work we analyze the experiments found in a didactic laboratory of a state public elementary school in the city of Rio Claro - SP, of the State Public Network, seeking to identify which areas of Physics were more privileged. Documents, such as the manufacturer's Experiment Guides, were studied to understand the indications of possible uses of the sets. During the research, evidence of how students relate to experimental didactic material in the school environment, how teachers use them, from the perspective of teaching knowledge, was analyzed. We observed how the relationship of teachers in training is when they interact with the experimental material, to prepare a certain practice, during the discipline Practice of Teaching Physics. The study showed that (a) the area of Mechanics is the most prominent among those identified in the experimental material and (b) that the materials are little used in didactic activities, even in the annual Knowledge Fair event. Learning to use the experimental sets requires time and dedication, for the study and adjustments of the equipment, such knowledge, absent from the teacher's initial training, can be built in the so-called Teaching Knowledge of the pedagogical practice.
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Palavras-chave
Ensino de Física, Formação de professores, Experimentos didáticos, Laboratório didático, Physics teaching, Teacher training, Didactic experiments, Didactic laboratory