Aproveitamento energético solar em áreas rurais na Guiné-Bissau
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Data
2022-12-14
Autores
Gomes, Nuelson Carlitos
Santos, Diego Pelozatto dos
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O aproveitamento solar na Guiné-Bissau, concretamente na região de Gabu, aldeia de Tassilima, cria a necessidade de elaborar um projeto piloto para geração de energia fotovoltaica. Para implementação desse projeto, avaliou-se o recurso energético solar local e, considerando o fato de Tassilima ser uma aldeia afastada da capital da região (Gabu), foi determinado o modelo de geração de energia solar off grid, aproveitando a radiação solar numa superfície horizontal, que na região de Gabu é próxima de 2061.8 kWh/m² ano. A implementação e utilização da energia solar no meio rural possibilita a melhoria das condições de vida dos moradores do meio rural, redefinindo a sustentabilidade nessa área e contribuindo significativamente para o crescimento das fontes renováveis na matriz energética do país. Ao dimensionar um sistema isolado, é necessário conhecer o perfil de carga da zona de implantação da instalação, para que a partir deste perfil se possam determinar os restantes elementos da instalação, por exemplo: o número de módulos a serem instalados, a potência e quantidade de bancos de baterias, a quantidade de controladores de carga, a potência máxima do inversor (ao utilizar cargas de corrente alternada) e, se possível, partes dos fios dos circuitos da instalação fotovoltaica. A análise destas simulações para cada época (janeiro e julho) e para cada semana, permite calcular o custo de instalação da energia solar, o que é considerado rentável para a Empresa Nacional de Distribuição de Eletricidade da Guiné em Bissau, porque a instalação fotovoltaica está muito longe da rede pública.
The use of solar energy in Guinea-Bissau, specifically in the region of Gabu, village of Tassilima, creates the need to develop a pilot project for the generation of photovoltaic solar energy. For the implementation of this project, the local solar energy resource was evaluated and, considering the fact that Tassilima is a village far from the capital of the region (Gabu), off grid solar energy generation was determined, taking advantage of solar radiation on a horizontal surface, which in the region of Gabu is approximately 2061.8 kWh/m² year. The implementation and use of solar energy in rural areas makes it possible to improve the living conditions of rural residents, redefining sustainability in this area and significantly contributing to the growth of renewable sources in the country's energy matrix. When dimensioning an isolated system, it is necessary to know the load profile of the area where the installation is located, so that the remaining elements of the installation can be determined from this profile, for example: the number of modules to be installed, the power and quantity of battery banks, the number of charge controllers, the maximum power of the inverter (when using alternating current loads) and, if possible, parts of the wires of the circuits of the photovoltaic installation. The analysis of these simulations for each season (January and July) and for each week allows calculating the cost of installing solar energy, which is considered profitable for the National Electricity Distribution Company of Guinea. in Bissau, because the isolated photovoltaic installation is very far from the public grid.
The use of solar energy in Guinea-Bissau, specifically in the region of Gabu, village of Tassilima, creates the need to develop a pilot project for the generation of photovoltaic solar energy. For the implementation of this project, the local solar energy resource was evaluated and, considering the fact that Tassilima is a village far from the capital of the region (Gabu), off grid solar energy generation was determined, taking advantage of solar radiation on a horizontal surface, which in the region of Gabu is approximately 2061.8 kWh/m² year. The implementation and use of solar energy in rural areas makes it possible to improve the living conditions of rural residents, redefining sustainability in this area and significantly contributing to the growth of renewable sources in the country's energy matrix. When dimensioning an isolated system, it is necessary to know the load profile of the area where the installation is located, so that the remaining elements of the installation can be determined from this profile, for example: the number of modules to be installed, the power and quantity of battery banks, the number of charge controllers, the maximum power of the inverter (when using alternating current loads) and, if possible, parts of the wires of the circuits of the photovoltaic installation. The analysis of these simulations for each season (January and July) and for each week allows calculating the cost of installing solar energy, which is considered profitable for the National Electricity Distribution Company of Guinea. in Bissau, because the isolated photovoltaic installation is very far from the public grid.
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Palavras-chave
Guiné-Bissau, Energia Renováveis, Aproveitamento Solar, Guinea-Bissau, Renewable energy, Solar Exploitation