Associação entre o empoderamento estrutural e psicológico com o processo decisório: ferramentas para o gerenciamento baseado em evidências na enfermagem
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Data
2022-12-12
Autores
Martins, Beatriz Salgueiro
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Introdução: Para o exercício do trabalho gerencial no contexto da prática é fundamental que o enfermeiro adote ferramentas e instrumentos que favoreçam esse trabalho pautado no conhecimento do processo gerencial e não apenas na intuição do gerente. Objetivo: associar o processo decisório com o empoderamento estrutural e psicológico dos enfermeiros de um hospital de ensino do estado de São Paulo. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo, transversal e correlacional, com enfermeiros com atividades na instituição por no mínimo um mês. Adotou-se os instrumentos: questionário com dados sociodemográficos e laborais; Nível de habilidades decisórias; Questionário de Condições de Eficácia no Trabalho II (CET-II) e Psychological Empowerment Instrument – versão brasileira. Foi realizada estatística descritiva e inferencial e análise de consistência interna por meio do coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach. O projeto foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e os participantes foram convidados a participar do estudo garantindo o anonimato e o esclarecimento de todas as etapas da pesquisa. Resultados: participaram do estudo 136 enfermeiros, maioria de mulheres, 132 (97,1%) com média de idade de 36,7 anos, trabalhavam no turno diurno (78,5%), com tempo médio de 9,9 anos na instituição e 34,5% em unidade de paciente crítico. Encontra-se no extrato de processo de tomada de decisões razoável 64,44% e 35,56% apresentam excelentes habilidades decisórias. No empoderamento estrutural a percepção do empoderamento global teve média de 6,2 com escore total de 19,1. Quanto ao empoderamento psicológico a média da somatória de pontos foi de 61,1 de um total de 84 pontos. Houve significância estatística entre empoderamento psicológico (escore global) com turno de trabalho (diurno e noturno), idade e tempo de trabalho com p= 0,0294, p= 0,0261 e p=0,0491, respectivamente. Quanto a confiabilidade dos instrumentos por meio do alfa de Cronbach, a escala empoderamento estrutural apresentou escore global de 0,96, empoderamento psicológico global 0,89 e habilidades decisórias 0,57. Conclusão: o perfil dos enfermeiros é feminino, com média de idade 36,7 anos, trabalhando no período diurno, em unidade de paciente crítico e com aproximadamente 10 anos na instituição. As habilidades decisórias são razoáveis, o empoderamento estrutural e psicológico são moderados e enfermeiros que trabalham no período diurno, com maior idade e com maior tempo na instituição apresentam maior empoderamento psicológico. A confiabilidade dos instrumentos empoderamento estrutural, empoderamento psicológico e habilidades decisórias apresentaram-se como muito alta, alta e baixa, respectivamente.
Introduction: For the exercise of managerial work in the context of practice, it is essential that nurses adopt tools and instruments that favor this work based on knowledge of the management process and not just on the manager's intuition. Objective: to associate the decision-making process with the structural and psychological empowerment of nurses at a teaching hospital in the State of São Paulo. Method: exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study, with nurses working at the institution for at least one month. The following instruments were adopted: questionnaire with sociodemographic and work data; Level of decision-making skills; Questionnaire of Conditions of Efficacy at Work II (CET-II) and Psychological Empowerment Instrument – Brazilian version. Descriptive and inferential statistics and internal consistency analysis were performed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and participants were invited to participate in the study, ensuring anonymity and clarification of all stages of the research. Findings: 136 nurses participated in the study, most of them women, 132 (97.1%) with a mean age of 36.7 years old, worked the day shift (78.5%), with a mean time of 9.9 years in the institution and 34.5% in a critical patient unit. It is found in the extract of reasonable decision-making process 64.44% and 35.56% have excellent decision-making skills. In structural empowerment, the perception of global empowerment had an average of 6.2 with a total score of 19.1. As for psychological empowerment, the average sum of points was 61.1 out of a total of 84 points. There was statistical significance between psychological empowerment (global score) with work shift (day and night), age, and working time with p=0.0294, p=0.0261 and p=0.0491, respectively. As for the reliability of the instruments through Cronbach's alpha, the structural empowerment scale presented a global score of 0.96, global psychological empowerment 0.89 and decision-making skills 0.57. Conclusion: the profile of nurses is female, with a mean age of 36.7 years old, working during the day, in a critical patient unit and with approximately 10 years in the institution. Decision-making skills are reasonable, structural and psychological empowerment are moderate, and nurses who work during the day, are older and have spent more time in the institution, have greater psychological empowerment. The reliability of the instruments structural empowerment, psychological empowerment and decision-making skills were presented as very high, high and low, respectively
Introduction: For the exercise of managerial work in the context of practice, it is essential that nurses adopt tools and instruments that favor this work based on knowledge of the management process and not just on the manager's intuition. Objective: to associate the decision-making process with the structural and psychological empowerment of nurses at a teaching hospital in the State of São Paulo. Method: exploratory, descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study, with nurses working at the institution for at least one month. The following instruments were adopted: questionnaire with sociodemographic and work data; Level of decision-making skills; Questionnaire of Conditions of Efficacy at Work II (CET-II) and Psychological Empowerment Instrument – Brazilian version. Descriptive and inferential statistics and internal consistency analysis were performed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and participants were invited to participate in the study, ensuring anonymity and clarification of all stages of the research. Findings: 136 nurses participated in the study, most of them women, 132 (97.1%) with a mean age of 36.7 years old, worked the day shift (78.5%), with a mean time of 9.9 years in the institution and 34.5% in a critical patient unit. It is found in the extract of reasonable decision-making process 64.44% and 35.56% have excellent decision-making skills. In structural empowerment, the perception of global empowerment had an average of 6.2 with a total score of 19.1. As for psychological empowerment, the average sum of points was 61.1 out of a total of 84 points. There was statistical significance between psychological empowerment (global score) with work shift (day and night), age, and working time with p=0.0294, p=0.0261 and p=0.0491, respectively. As for the reliability of the instruments through Cronbach's alpha, the structural empowerment scale presented a global score of 0.96, global psychological empowerment 0.89 and decision-making skills 0.57. Conclusion: the profile of nurses is female, with a mean age of 36.7 years old, working during the day, in a critical patient unit and with approximately 10 years in the institution. Decision-making skills are reasonable, structural and psychological empowerment are moderate, and nurses who work during the day, are older and have spent more time in the institution, have greater psychological empowerment. The reliability of the instruments structural empowerment, psychological empowerment and decision-making skills were presented as very high, high and low, respectively
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Palavras-chave
Gerenciamento da prática profissional, Instrumentos para a gestão da atividade científica, Empoderamento, Enfermagem baeada em evidências, Prática psicológica, Processo decisório