O designer como agente de transformação social: processos e relações em projetos contemporâneos
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Data
2022-10-07
Autores
Melara, Lucas Furio
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Partindo de observações sobre os 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, propostos pela Agenda 2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas, o design participativo na atuação junto a grupos envolvidos em projetos de economia criativa em locais dedicados a gerar soluções para diversas necessidades básicas humanas, visando o desenvolvimento social, questionamos a respeito das sobre diretrizes, possibilidades e métodos de atuação mais ampla ou mais efetiva do design. Problemas sistêmicos globais, como fome, educação, saúde e desigualdades, são abordados pelo design enquanto diretrizes de trabalho, para serem alcançadas por meio de níveis distintos de organização, cientes das diversidades e compreendendo responsabilidades específicas aos respectivos níveis. Diante a esta situação, faz-se necessário reunir conhecimentos relacionados ao desenvolvimento e aplicação projetual, e observar as influências exercidas pelas instituições sociais que normatizam a práxis do design e a relação entre unidades produtivas, produto e sujeito (BOMFIM: 1998); aspectos sobre a criatividade (NACHMANOVITCH: 1993); a partilha do sensível (RANCIÈRE: 2009); o codesign (MANZINI: 2015); os diálogos designer-cliente (THOMAS; CARROLL: 1979); e a Teoria do Ator-Rede (LATOUR: 2012) pautados por meio de métodos que se concentram no comportamento humano complexo, apresentando os sistemas cima-baixo, baixo-cima e híbridos visuando a implementação de tecnologias informacionais e sociais, pautados pelo codesign, envolvendo vínculos relacionais e empáticos, entre os sujeitos, autores a pesquisa e as instituições que a contemplam. Nesta pesquisa analisamos casos práticos na busca de uma solução sustentável no contexto do design contemporâneo, abordando diretamente questões levantadas por Margolin (2004) e Kazazian (2005) sobre o futuro do design social e para a sustentabilidade.
The following dissertation questions possibilities and methods of action, understanding the designer as a project manager, observing the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, through a panoramic analysis of 10 design projects. Participatory design is guided, working together with groups involved in creative economy projects, especially in clippings dedicated to generating solutions for various basic human needs. Global systemic problems, such as hunger, education, health and inequalities, are addressed by design as work guidelines to be achieved through different levels of organization, aware of diversities and understanding specific responsibilities at the respective levels, from the individual, to groups, institutions and global mobilization. Facing this situation, it is necessary to gather knowledge related to codesign, to project development and applications, as well as to observe the influences exerted by social institutions that regulate the praxis of design and the relationship between production units, product and subject, aspects of creativity , sensitivities and designer-client dialogues guided by methods that focus on human behavior, presenting top-down, bottom-up and hybrid systems aiming at the implementation of solutions guided by codesign, involving links relational and empathetic, between the subjects the institutions that contemplate it. The case studies analyzed seek sustainable solutions in the context of contemporary design, directly addressing questions about social design and sustainability.
The following dissertation questions possibilities and methods of action, understanding the designer as a project manager, observing the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, through a panoramic analysis of 10 design projects. Participatory design is guided, working together with groups involved in creative economy projects, especially in clippings dedicated to generating solutions for various basic human needs. Global systemic problems, such as hunger, education, health and inequalities, are addressed by design as work guidelines to be achieved through different levels of organization, aware of diversities and understanding specific responsibilities at the respective levels, from the individual, to groups, institutions and global mobilization. Facing this situation, it is necessary to gather knowledge related to codesign, to project development and applications, as well as to observe the influences exerted by social institutions that regulate the praxis of design and the relationship between production units, product and subject, aspects of creativity , sensitivities and designer-client dialogues guided by methods that focus on human behavior, presenting top-down, bottom-up and hybrid systems aiming at the implementation of solutions guided by codesign, involving links relational and empathetic, between the subjects the institutions that contemplate it. The case studies analyzed seek sustainable solutions in the context of contemporary design, directly addressing questions about social design and sustainability.
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Design, Design contemporâneo, Sustentabilidade, ODS, Contemporary design, SDGs, Sustainability, Transformação social, Processos e relações em Design, Social transformation, Design processes and relationships