Avaliação de resistência bacteriana em cepas ambientais com interesse biotecnológico
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Data
2022-12-07
Autores
Chagas, Vinícius Andrietta
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os antibióticos desempenham um papel importante no combate de doenças causadas por infecções bacterianas que sempre afetaram a humanidade em larga escala. Contudo o uso racional dos antibióticos é necessário para evitar a proliferação de bactérias resistentes, que acontece durante o uso indevido desses medicamentos em situações que não apresentaram eficácia, como um simples resfriado ou como medida profilática e não no tratamento de a partir de diagnósticos concretos.
A partir da administração inadequada destas substâncias, cria-se o ambiente ideal para o surgimento de “superbactérias”, que apresentarão grande resistência à antibióticos comumente usados por meio diferentes mecanismos. Uma vez que essas bactérias são lançadas no meio ambiente, podem se tornar um grande problema para a saúde pública, por contato direto ou indireto com o ambiente contaminado.
Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a resistência bacteriana, de cepas coletadas no porto da cidade de Santos, à alguns antibióticos.
Para isso, as cepas foram isoladas e caracterizadas molecularmente. Posteriormente, foi utilizado para o teste de sensibilidade o método de antibiograma disco difusão, onde foram expostas aos seguintes antibióticos: Azitromicina 15µg (AZI 15), Meropenem 10 µg (MPM 10), Ampicilina 10µg (AMP 10), Tetraciclina 30 µg (TET 30), Amoxicilina + Ácido clavulânico 30 µg (AMC 30), Sulfametoxazol-Trimetoprima 23,75/1,25 µg (SUT 25) e Ciprofloxacina 05 µg (CIP 05. A cepa de Vibrio Parahaemolyticus se mostrou resistente a Azitromicina, Ampicilina e Sulfametoxazol. Já a cepa de Vibrio aestruarianus se mostrou sensível a todas as substâncias.
Antibiotics play an important role in combating diseases caused by bacterial infections that have always affected humanity on a large scale. However, the rational use of antibiotics is necessary to prevent the proliferation of resistant bacteria, which happens during the misuse of these drugs in situations that they are not effective, such as a simple cold or as a prophylactic measure and not in the treatment of from concrete diagnoses. From the inadequate administration of these substances, the ideal environment for the emergence of "super bacteria" is created, which will develop great resistance to antibiotics commonly used through various mechanisms. Once these bacteria are released into the environment, they can become a major public health problem by direct or indirect contact with the contaminated environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze bacterial resistance, from a strain collected in the port of the city of Santos, to some antibiotics. For this, the strains were isolated and molecularly characterized. Subsequently, the diffusion disk antibiogram method was used for the sensitivity test, where they were exposed to the following antibiotics: Azithromycin 15μg (AZI 15), Meropenem 10 μg (MPM 10), Ampicillin 10μg (AMP 10), Tetracycline 30 μg (TET 30), Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid 30 μg (AMC 30), Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprima 23.75/1.25 μg (SUT 25) and Ciprofloxacin 05 μg (CIP 05). Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain was resistant to Azithromycin, Ampicillin and Sulfamethoxazole. Vibrio aestruarianus strain, on the other, was sensitive to all substances.
Antibiotics play an important role in combating diseases caused by bacterial infections that have always affected humanity on a large scale. However, the rational use of antibiotics is necessary to prevent the proliferation of resistant bacteria, which happens during the misuse of these drugs in situations that they are not effective, such as a simple cold or as a prophylactic measure and not in the treatment of from concrete diagnoses. From the inadequate administration of these substances, the ideal environment for the emergence of "super bacteria" is created, which will develop great resistance to antibiotics commonly used through various mechanisms. Once these bacteria are released into the environment, they can become a major public health problem by direct or indirect contact with the contaminated environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze bacterial resistance, from a strain collected in the port of the city of Santos, to some antibiotics. For this, the strains were isolated and molecularly characterized. Subsequently, the diffusion disk antibiogram method was used for the sensitivity test, where they were exposed to the following antibiotics: Azithromycin 15μg (AZI 15), Meropenem 10 μg (MPM 10), Ampicillin 10μg (AMP 10), Tetracycline 30 μg (TET 30), Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid 30 μg (AMC 30), Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprima 23.75/1.25 μg (SUT 25) and Ciprofloxacin 05 μg (CIP 05). Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain was resistant to Azithromycin, Ampicillin and Sulfamethoxazole. Vibrio aestruarianus strain, on the other, was sensitive to all substances.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bactéria, Resistência, Antibióticos, Saúde pública