Management of Pigmented Botryoid Odontogenic Cyst - A Case Report

Abstract Rationale: Botryoid odontogenic cyst (BOC) is a rare multilocular odontogenic cyst, considered a subtype of the lateral periodontal cyst (LPC). BOC shows a slight male predominance and most often affects the mandibular body. After enucleation, recurrence rates for BOC are higher (22%) compared to LPC (2%). Pigmented odontogenic cysts and tumours are rare, with only 71 reported cases, and one of them was a pigmented BOC. Patient Concerns and Diagnosis: This report describes a 62-year-old Afro-Brazilian female patient with a radiolucent lesion in the apical region of mandibular incisors, which, after surgical enucleation, was diagnosed as pigmented BOC. Literature data show that pigmented odontogenic cysts predominantly affect the mandible, without sex predilection. Most cases are found in Asian and Black patients. Outcome and Take-away Lessons: The presence of melanocytes within epithelial tissue may explain the deposition of melanin, suggesting a possible racial/ethnic predisposition for these lesions.