Efeito da fitomassa do milheto sobre as propriedades físicas e químicas de um nitossolo vermelho e na produtividade da soja cultivada em sistema de semeadura direta em Botucatu-SP
Carregando...
Data
2002
Autores
Brancalião, Sandro Roberto [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O experimento, conduzido em Nitossolo Vermelho distroférrico, na Fazenda Experimental Lageado – FCA - UNESP – Botucatu, desde fevereiro de 1999 até outubro de 2000, teve por objetivo estudar no sistema de semeadura direta, o efeito da cultura do milheto sob condição não irrigada, em três épocas de semeadura e sob cinco manejos da fitomassa, na cultura da soja, e nas propriedades físicas e químicas do solo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com 4 repetições. As parcelas foram representadas por três épocas de semeadura da cultura do milheto (E1, E2 e E3). Dentro de cada época, foram distribuídas as repetições, totalizando 20 parcelas, sendo cada uma constituída por 9,0 m de comprimento e 3,0 m de largura (27,0 m2 de área total). Dessa forma, obteve-se as subparcelas que foram representadas por manejos de ceifa da fitomassa, sendo: Manejo 1 (M1) – ceifa a cada florescimento e retirada da fitomassa; Manejo 2 (M2) – ceifa a cada florescimento e permanência da fitomassa; Manejo 3 (M3) – ceifa no florescimento e retirada da fitomassa; Manejo 4 (M4) – ceifa no florescimento e permanência da fitomassa e manejo 5 (M5) – livre crescimento, sem ceifar. Foram coletadas amostras de solo com estrutura deformada e indeformada para realização das análises físicas e químicas. Tanto para a análise física quanto para a química, as mesmas profundidades foram amostradas: 0-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m. Em relação as culturas, avaliou-se a produtividade e produção de matéria seca da soja e do milheto, respectivamente. A segunda época de semeadura do milheto resultou em condições mais adequadas para as propriedades físicas do solo, com menores valores de densidade do solo, maior porosidade total e maior grau de floculação...
This work was carried out at Lageado Experimental Estation – FCA-Unesp – Botucatu, from February 1999 until October 2000, consisting in a millet – soybean rotation, in a notillage system, in dryer system conditions, at three seedtimes, on the physical properties of a “Nitossolo Vermelho Distroférrico”, cultivated with soybean. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a split-plot schedule with 4 replications, having the seedtime as parcel and harvest handling as subparcel. Each parcel was constituted by 9,0 m of length and 3.0 m of width (27, 0 m2 of total area), where the harvest handling were 1 (H1) – harvest each blooming and covering withdrawal; 2 (H2) - harvest each blooming and covering permanency; 3 (H3) - harvest on blooming and covering withdrawal; 4 (H4) - harvest on blooming and covering permanency, and 5 (H5) – free growing, with no harvest. The parcels were constituted by 3 seedtimes (S1, S2 and S3), with 20 days of difference among them. Complete samplings were done by the lump parafinnated method, at the end of the experimental period for bulk density determination. The other parameters measured were: particle density, total clay, total porosity, disperse clay, flocculation degree and aggregation stability (dry sieving) and ponderated average diameter. Chemical and physical analyses were performed on Departamento de Ciência do Solo, in different depths (0-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,20 and 0,20-0,40 m), with the objective of to correlate the chemical analyses results with the physical parameters evaluated. In relation to the crops, productivity and total dry matter were evaluated on the soybean and pearl millet, respectively. According to the results, the second seedtime (S2) of millet results in better conditions on the physical properties of soil, with low values of bulk density, hight total porosity and high floculation degree...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
This work was carried out at Lageado Experimental Estation – FCA-Unesp – Botucatu, from February 1999 until October 2000, consisting in a millet – soybean rotation, in a notillage system, in dryer system conditions, at three seedtimes, on the physical properties of a “Nitossolo Vermelho Distroférrico”, cultivated with soybean. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in a split-plot schedule with 4 replications, having the seedtime as parcel and harvest handling as subparcel. Each parcel was constituted by 9,0 m of length and 3.0 m of width (27, 0 m2 of total area), where the harvest handling were 1 (H1) – harvest each blooming and covering withdrawal; 2 (H2) - harvest each blooming and covering permanency; 3 (H3) - harvest on blooming and covering withdrawal; 4 (H4) - harvest on blooming and covering permanency, and 5 (H5) – free growing, with no harvest. The parcels were constituted by 3 seedtimes (S1, S2 and S3), with 20 days of difference among them. Complete samplings were done by the lump parafinnated method, at the end of the experimental period for bulk density determination. The other parameters measured were: particle density, total clay, total porosity, disperse clay, flocculation degree and aggregation stability (dry sieving) and ponderated average diameter. Chemical and physical analyses were performed on Departamento de Ciência do Solo, in different depths (0-0,05, 0,05-0,10, 0,10-0,20 and 0,20-0,40 m), with the objective of to correlate the chemical analyses results with the physical parameters evaluated. In relation to the crops, productivity and total dry matter were evaluated on the soybean and pearl millet, respectively. According to the results, the second seedtime (S2) of millet results in better conditions on the physical properties of soil, with low values of bulk density, hight total porosity and high floculation degree...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fisica do solo, Quimica do solo, Soja, Plantio direto, Milheto, Solos - Manejo, Millet, Soybean
Como citar
BRANCALIÃO, Sandro Roberto. Efeito da fitomassa do milheto sobre as propriedades físicas e químicas de um nitossolo vermelho e na produtividade da soja cultivada em sistema de semeadura direta em Botucatu-SP. 2002. vi, 73 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2002.