Obtenção de micro/nanopartículas poliméricas para o encapsulamento do fármaco bromidrato de galantamina
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Data
2011-08-23
Autores
Materón Vásquez, Elsa María [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nos últimos anos, as doenças degenerativas do cérebro têm aumentado consideravelmente nas pessoas de idade avançada. A doença de Alzheimer representa uma das 10 primeiras causas de morte em pacientes acima dos 60 anos, correspondendo a um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Desta forma, o número de pesquisas tem aumentado em busca de tratamentos mais eficazes que possam amenizar ou reverter os efeitos ocasionados por esta doença. O tratamento da doença de Alzheimer fundamenta-se na administração de fármacos inibidores da enzima colinesterase, tais como Donepezil, Tacrina, Galantamina, entre outros. No entanto, estes fármacos produzem efeitos colaterais graves como insuficiência hepática e renal. Desta forma, os sistemas de liberação modificada, podem reduzir esses efeitos. No presente trabalho, diversos sistemas de matrizes poliméricas foram sintetizados e caracterizados para liberação controlada do fármaco Bromidrato de Galantamina. Estes sistemas carreadores foram baseadas nos polímeros hidroxipropilmetilcelulose, Eudragit L-100 e polivinilpirrolidona, com o objetivo de possíveis carregadores de galantamina, fármaco empregado no tratamento da doença de Alzheimer. Esse procedimento pode evitar assim oscilações da concentração do fármaco no organismo, causada por administrações sucessivas, diminuindo, sim, os efeitos adversos. As características morfológicas, formas de incorporação e testes de estabilidade da atividade do fármaco encapsulado nas matrizes poliméricas foram estudados por meio de diversas técnicas de caracterização. Os resultados obtidos no estudo apresentam efetivamente uma incorporação do fármaco dentro das diferentes matrizes, junto com a formação de interpolimeros, no entanto, a matriz contendo a concentração de...
Over the last years, there has been a considerable increase in the degenerative diseases of the brain among the elderly people. Alzheimer is known to be one of the primary causes of mortality of patients over 60 years old, and considered today as a chronic public health problem around the world. For this reason, there has been a huge increase in the number of research works in quest for more efficient treatments capable of diminishing or reversing the effects of this disease. The treatment of Alzheimer involves the use of drugs capable of inhibiting the activity of the cholinesterase enzyme, such as Donepezil, Tacrine, Galantamine, to name just a few. On the other hand, these drugs produce collateral effects in the organism, such as renal and hepatic insufficiency. In virtue of this, diverse polymeric matrix systems were synthesized and characterized for the controlled release of Galantamine Hydrobromide in this present research. These matrix systems were based on the following polymers: HPMC (hydroxypropylmeticellulose), Eudragit L-100, and PVP, with the aim of using them as possible carriers of the drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer, thereby avoiding oscillations of the drug concentration in the human body and as such diminishing the adverse effects. Morphological characteristics and the form of incorporation as well as stability tests of the encapsulated drug activity in the polymeric matrixes were studied through a range of characterization techniques. The results obtained in the study show an incorporation of the drug within the different matrixes, though the matrix containing 2% concentration of HPMC and 20% of Eudragit L-100 presented a more homogenous morphology as compared to the others, thus making it a possible system that can be used in drug release control
Over the last years, there has been a considerable increase in the degenerative diseases of the brain among the elderly people. Alzheimer is known to be one of the primary causes of mortality of patients over 60 years old, and considered today as a chronic public health problem around the world. For this reason, there has been a huge increase in the number of research works in quest for more efficient treatments capable of diminishing or reversing the effects of this disease. The treatment of Alzheimer involves the use of drugs capable of inhibiting the activity of the cholinesterase enzyme, such as Donepezil, Tacrine, Galantamine, to name just a few. On the other hand, these drugs produce collateral effects in the organism, such as renal and hepatic insufficiency. In virtue of this, diverse polymeric matrix systems were synthesized and characterized for the controlled release of Galantamine Hydrobromide in this present research. These matrix systems were based on the following polymers: HPMC (hydroxypropylmeticellulose), Eudragit L-100, and PVP, with the aim of using them as possible carriers of the drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer, thereby avoiding oscillations of the drug concentration in the human body and as such diminishing the adverse effects. Morphological characteristics and the form of incorporation as well as stability tests of the encapsulated drug activity in the polymeric matrixes were studied through a range of characterization techniques. The results obtained in the study show an incorporation of the drug within the different matrixes, though the matrix containing 2% concentration of HPMC and 20% of Eudragit L-100 presented a more homogenous morphology as compared to the others, thus making it a possible system that can be used in drug release control
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Físico-química, Química farmacêutica, Medicamentos - Liberação controlada
Como citar
MATERÓN VÁSQUEZ, Elsa María. Obtenção de micro/nanopartículas poliméricas para o encapsulamento do fármaco bromidrato de galantamina. 2011. 100 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2011.