Antropometria das extremidades dos membros inferiores de obesos: parâmetros para o desing ergonômico de calçados
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Data
2009-08-21
Autores
Menin, Mariana [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O homem moderno faz uso de calçados por aproximadamente 8 horas/dia e, quando este produto é inadequado aos aspectos biomecânicos e antropométricos das extremidades dos membros inferiores (EMI's), podem ocorrer desconfortos ou lesões. Alguns estudos têm sido desenvolvidos no Brasil sobre ergonomia e usabilidade no design de calçados, entretanto, entre os vários aspectos a serem explorados, destaca-se a necessidade de adequação antropométrica deste produto. Os calçados devem ter dimensões e formatos próprios para a realidade das diferentes categorias populacionais como, por exemplo, a qual apresenta uma maior carga física nas EMI's e, portanto, está mais propensa ao surgimento ou agravamento de doenças nesta região. São poucas as pesquisas sobre a antropometria de obesos e inexistem aquelas que tratam especificamente de dados referentes às dimensões das EMI's desses indivíduos. É importante ressaltar que esta faixa populacional vem crescendo em todo o mundo nos últimos anos, o que demanda o desenvolvimento de produtos especializados, a partir de critérios ergonômicos mais precisos. Portanto, este estudo tem como objetivo realizar um levantamento antropométrico das EMI's de indivíduos obesos e não obesos, utilizando-se para isso de procedimentos metodológicos sistematizados, permitindo analisar as diferenças entre estes indivíduos. Foram coletados dados de percepção de conforto no uso de calçados e 30 variáveis antropométricas das EMI's de 84 sujeitos adultos, sendo 42 obesos e 42 não obesos de ambos os gêneros. Os resultados afirmam que as duas faixas populacionais aqui comparadas encontram dificuldades em adquirir calçados e, também, que ambas sentem desconforto ao utilizá-los. Quanto às variáveis antropométricas, 17 apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa, particularmente nas dimensões relacionadas às circunferências...
The modern man uses shoes for about 8 hours per day, and when this product is inappropriate to anthropometric and biomechanical aspects of the lower limbs extremities, discomfort and/or diseases can happen. Some studies about usability and, however, among the various aspects to be explored, there is the need anthropometric adaptation for this product. The shoes must have own size and own shape to reality of ergonomic in shoes designing have been developed in Brazil different population categories, such as the population of obese people, which has a greater physical burden on lower limbs extremities and therefore it's more prone to the occurence or worsening of diseases in this region. The are few researches about anthropometry of obesity and there are no ones that specifically deal data related to the size of these individuals' lower limbs extremities. It's important to not that this population is growing up in the whole whole world last years, which demands the development of specialized products, from more accurate ergonomic criterion. Therefore, this stufy aims to achieve an anthropometric survey of non-obese and obese individual's lower limbs extremities, using systematic methodological procedures, allowing analyzing the differences between these individuals. Data on perceptions of comfort was collected using shoes and 30 anthropometric variables of 84 adult people'lower limbs extremities, divided into 42 obese and 42 non-obese patients of both genders. The results affirm that both compared population have difficulties to bye shoes, and also that they fell uncomfortable to use them. About anthropometric variables, 17 showed statistically significant difference, particularly in the dimensions related to circles. Thus it demonstrates the real need of the application of ergonomic design and anthropometric data of obese people in the modeling and desegning shoes.
The modern man uses shoes for about 8 hours per day, and when this product is inappropriate to anthropometric and biomechanical aspects of the lower limbs extremities, discomfort and/or diseases can happen. Some studies about usability and, however, among the various aspects to be explored, there is the need anthropometric adaptation for this product. The shoes must have own size and own shape to reality of ergonomic in shoes designing have been developed in Brazil different population categories, such as the population of obese people, which has a greater physical burden on lower limbs extremities and therefore it's more prone to the occurence or worsening of diseases in this region. The are few researches about anthropometry of obesity and there are no ones that specifically deal data related to the size of these individuals' lower limbs extremities. It's important to not that this population is growing up in the whole whole world last years, which demands the development of specialized products, from more accurate ergonomic criterion. Therefore, this stufy aims to achieve an anthropometric survey of non-obese and obese individual's lower limbs extremities, using systematic methodological procedures, allowing analyzing the differences between these individuals. Data on perceptions of comfort was collected using shoes and 30 anthropometric variables of 84 adult people'lower limbs extremities, divided into 42 obese and 42 non-obese patients of both genders. The results affirm that both compared population have difficulties to bye shoes, and also that they fell uncomfortable to use them. About anthropometric variables, 17 showed statistically significant difference, particularly in the dimensions related to circles. Thus it demonstrates the real need of the application of ergonomic design and anthropometric data of obese people in the modeling and desegning shoes.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ergonomia, Ergonomia - Antropometria, Obesidade, Lower limbs extremities, Obesity, Ergonomics, Anthropometry, Design and ergonomic desing
Como citar
MENIN, Mariana. Antropometria das extremidades dos membros inferiores de obesos: parâmetros para o desing ergonômico de calçados. 2009. 73 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estaduaul Paulista, Faculdade de Arquitetura, Artes e Comunicação, 2009.