Efeito do sistema de secagem de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) na qualidade dos grãos e do óleo para produção de biodiesel
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Data
2013-03-01
Autores
Silva, Magnun Antonio Penariol da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) é uma planta oleaginosa promissora para produção de biodiesel, por apresentar elevado teor de óleo em seus grãos. É uma cultura de cultivo totalmente mecanizado, de ciclo relativamente curto, e é uma ótima opção para safrinha por se tratar de uma cultura de inverno. O método de secagem de grãos pode influenciar o rendimento e a qualidade do óleo extraído dos grãos. Dessa maneira o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade dos grãos e óleo de crambe submetidos a diferentes sistemas de secagem. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente utilizado com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em testar cinco métodos de secagem (secagem artificial com ar aquecido, secagem artificial com ar não aquecido, secagem em terreiro, secagem em campo e secagem à sombra). As análises de qualidade dos grãos realizadas foram acidez graxa, condutividade elétrica, porcentagem de grãos verdes, teor de clorofila a e b e rendimento de óleo. A extração do óleo foi realizada por prensa mecânica e para verificar a sua qualidade foram realizadas as análises de índice de iodo, viscosidade, massa específica, índice de acidez e teor de água, posteriormente foi realizado a caracterização do biodiesel. Após obtenção dos resultados, os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e quando significativo, as médias foram comparadas pelo teste “t” a 5% de significância. Pelos resultados obtidos, foi observado superioridade do sistema de secagem na planta na qualidade dos grãos, os métodos de secagem influenciaram o rendimento do óleo, no entanto não afetaram significativamente sua qualidade
The crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is a promising oilseed plant for biodiesel production, by having high oil content in its grain. It is a culture of fully mechanized cultivation, relatively short cycle, and is a great choice for off-season because it is a winter crop. The method of drying grain may influence the yield and quality of the extracted oil of the grains. Thus the present study aimed to assess the quality of grain and oil crambe submitted to different drying systems. The design was fully utilized with four replications. Treatments consisted of five test drying methods (artificial drying with heated air, artificial drying with unheated air, drying yard, field drying and shade drying). The analyzes were performed grain quality fat acidity, electrical conductivity, percentage of green beans, chlorophyll a and b and oil yield. The oil extraction was performed by mechanical press and to verify the quality of the analyzes were performed iodine index, viscosity, density, acid number and water content, further characterization was performed biodiesel. After obtaining the results, the data were subjected to analysis of variance, and when significant, the means were compared by t test at 5% significance. From the results, it was observed superiority of the drying system in the plant on grain quality, drying methods influence the yield of oil, but did not significantly affect their quality
The crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) is a promising oilseed plant for biodiesel production, by having high oil content in its grain. It is a culture of fully mechanized cultivation, relatively short cycle, and is a great choice for off-season because it is a winter crop. The method of drying grain may influence the yield and quality of the extracted oil of the grains. Thus the present study aimed to assess the quality of grain and oil crambe submitted to different drying systems. The design was fully utilized with four replications. Treatments consisted of five test drying methods (artificial drying with heated air, artificial drying with unheated air, drying yard, field drying and shade drying). The analyzes were performed grain quality fat acidity, electrical conductivity, percentage of green beans, chlorophyll a and b and oil yield. The oil extraction was performed by mechanical press and to verify the quality of the analyzes were performed iodine index, viscosity, density, acid number and water content, further characterization was performed biodiesel. After obtaining the results, the data were subjected to analysis of variance, and when significant, the means were compared by t test at 5% significance. From the results, it was observed superiority of the drying system in the plant on grain quality, drying methods influence the yield of oil, but did not significantly affect their quality
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biocombustíveis, Clorofila, Plantas oleaginosas, Sementes oleaginosas - Rendimento, Biomass energy
Como citar
SILVA, Magnun Antonio Penariol da. Efeito do sistema de secagem de crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) na qualidade dos grãos e do óleo para produção de biodiesel. 2013. vi , 50 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.