Preparação e teste de nanocatalisadores 'PTFENI'/'C' e 'PTFECO'/'C' para redução de oxigênio
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Data
2013-06-17
Autores
Gallo, Irã Borges Coutinho [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho foram sintetizadas nanopartículas de Pt, PtFe, PtNi, PtCo, PtFeNi e PtFeCo suportadas em pó de carbono através do método da microemulsão, que foram testadas como potenciais eletrocatalisadores frente a reação de redução do oxigênio (RRO). As propriedades eletrônicas dos materiais foram investigadas por XAS (Espectroscopia de Absorção de Raios X) e as propriedades estruturais e morfológicas por DRX (Difração de Raios X) e MET (Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão), respectivamente. A área superficial de platina eletroquimicamente ativa foi determinada a partir de dados de voltametria cíclica, enquanto a atividade eletrocatalítica para a RRO foi estudada em soluções de H2SO4 saturadas com O2, utilizando a técnica do eletrodo de disco rotatório. Em geral, a análise dos materiais binários e ternários mostrou uma diminuição no parâmetro de rede em relação à platina pura, o que é um indicativo da formação de liga. O método de síntese escolhido permitiu a obtenção de cristalitos com faixa de tamanhos em torno de 3 nm. Somente os materiais contendo nanopartículas trimetálicas apresentaram alto grau de aglomeração e uma distribuição não homogênea sobre o carbono suporte. As análises eletroquímicas sugerem que a RRO segue majoritariamente o mecanismo via 4 elétrons em todos os catalisadores estudados nesse trabalho. O estudo das propriedades eletrônicas indica que a presença de Fe, Ni e Co contribui para o preenchimento da banda 5d da platina. Todas estas informações foram correlacionadas na tentativa de se entender a razão pela qual os catalisadores trimetálicos, principalmente o PtFeCo/C, apresentaram atividade superior para a RRO quando comparados com os bimetálicos e a Pt/C. Os materiais ternários foram submetidos a tratamento térmico a 150 ºC em atmosfera de H2 por uma hora...
In this work, nanoparticles of Pt, PtFe, PtNi, PtCo, PtFeNi and PtFeCo supported on carbon powder were synthesized by a microemulsion method and tested as potential electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The electronic properties of the materials were investigated by XAS (X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy) and the structural and morphological properties by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission Electronic Microscopy), respectively. The platinum electrochemically active surface area was determined from cyclic voltammetry data while the electrocatalytic activity toward the ORR was studied using the rotating disk electrode technique in O2 saturated H2SO4 solutions. Overall, the analyses of the materials showed a decrease in the lattice parameter when compared to pure Pt, which suggests alloy formation. The chosen synthesis method allowed obtaining small crystallites with average size around 3 nm. Only the catalysts containing trimetallic nanoparticles were highly agglomerated and showed an inhomogeneous distribution of particles on the carbon support. The electrochemical analyses suggest that the ORR occurs mainly through the 4 electron mechanism on all catalysts studied in this work. The study of the electronic properties evidenced that the presence of Fe, Ni and Co increases the platinum 5d-band occupancy. All results were correlated aiming a better understanding of why the trimetallic catalysts, particularly PtFeCo/C, have significantly higher ORR activity than bimetallic materials and Pt/C. The trimetallic catalysts were heat treated at 150 ºC in a H2 atmosphere during one hour. As a result, the materials showed a minor increase in alloying degree, an increase in particle size, a slightly decrease in surface area and a more filled Pt 5d-band. Thermal treatment did not cause any... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In this work, nanoparticles of Pt, PtFe, PtNi, PtCo, PtFeNi and PtFeCo supported on carbon powder were synthesized by a microemulsion method and tested as potential electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The electronic properties of the materials were investigated by XAS (X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy) and the structural and morphological properties by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission Electronic Microscopy), respectively. The platinum electrochemically active surface area was determined from cyclic voltammetry data while the electrocatalytic activity toward the ORR was studied using the rotating disk electrode technique in O2 saturated H2SO4 solutions. Overall, the analyses of the materials showed a decrease in the lattice parameter when compared to pure Pt, which suggests alloy formation. The chosen synthesis method allowed obtaining small crystallites with average size around 3 nm. Only the catalysts containing trimetallic nanoparticles were highly agglomerated and showed an inhomogeneous distribution of particles on the carbon support. The electrochemical analyses suggest that the ORR occurs mainly through the 4 electron mechanism on all catalysts studied in this work. The study of the electronic properties evidenced that the presence of Fe, Ni and Co increases the platinum 5d-band occupancy. All results were correlated aiming a better understanding of why the trimetallic catalysts, particularly PtFeCo/C, have significantly higher ORR activity than bimetallic materials and Pt/C. The trimetallic catalysts were heat treated at 150 ºC in a H2 atmosphere during one hour. As a result, the materials showed a minor increase in alloying degree, an increase in particle size, a slightly decrease in surface area and a more filled Pt 5d-band. Thermal treatment did not cause any... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Físico-química, Catalisadores, Nanopartículas, Eletrocatálise, Electrocatalysis
Como citar
GALLO, Irã Borges Coutinho. Preparação e teste de nanocatalisadores 'PTFENI'/'C' e 'PTFECO'/'C' para redução de oxigênio. 2013. 103 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, 2013.