Crescimento de fibras de zircônia preparadas pela rota sol-gel a partir de moldes de cristal líquido
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Data
2008-02-27
Autores
Freitas, Fernanda Gabriel de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estruturas mesoporosas auto-organizadas foram preparadas a partir do processo sol-gel utilizando-se cristais líquidos expandidos (CLE) e cristais líquidos expandidos modificados por uréia (CLEU) com nanoestrutura hexagonal como “templates” para a obtenção de fases cerâmicas porosas, com a finalidade de serem usados como isolante térmico em sistemas de refrigeração. Os cristais líquidos foram sintetizados utilizando-se cloreto de N-cetilpiridinio como tensoativo. A solução aquosa de cloreto de zircônia modificada por ácido sulfúrico foi a fase inorgânica adicionada para a obtenção das mesofases. Em todas as amostras observou-se a formação de fibras (agulhas) sem um crescimento ordenado. A estrutura dos CLE e das fibras foi determinada por espalhamento de raios-X à baixo ângulo (SAXS), microscopia óptica de luz polarizada e difração de raios X. Os resultados mostram a presença de mesofases hexagonais em todas as amostras de CLE e CLEU, tanto nas que foram preparadas utilizando-se o processo de indução térmica, quanto nas que foram preparadas sem indução, porém as amostras obtidas com indução apresentam melhor estruturação e estabilização da mesofase. A formação e forma de agregados micelares depende tanto da concentração e quantidade de tensoativo na solução, quanto do tipo de óleo utilizado. Os envelhecimentos dos CLE desestruturam o tipo de mesofase inicial, isso acontece tanto nas amostras que sofreram ou não o processo de indução térmica. Os resultados do estudo da estabilidade estrutural das mesofases em função da temperatura revelaram que somente os CLE com razões Zr/SO4 elevada e aqueles preparados a base de uréia apresentaram maior estabilidade, inclusive acima da temperatura de indução. Foi demonstrado que os cristais líquidos expandidos de estrutura hexagonal compostos por suspensão coloidal (Zr4+/SO4 2-de diferentes razões)...
Self-assembled, mesoporous structures were prepared by the sol-gel method using expanded liquid cristals (CLE) and expanded liquid cristals modified by urea (CLEU) with hexagonal nanosctructure as templates for the obtention of the porous ceramic phases, with the purpose of the latter to be used as thermal insulators in refrigeration systems. The liquid cristals were synthesized using N-cetilpiridin chloride as surfactant. The zirconia chloride solutions by sulfuric acid were added to attain the mesophases. We could observe in all samples the formation of fibers (needles) with lack of ordered growth. The CLE and fiber structure were determined by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), polarized light optical microscopy and x-ray difraction. The results shows the presence of hexagonal mesophases in all CLE and CLEU samples, in the samples prepared by thermal induction as well as the samples prepared without the refered induction, but the samples obtained by induction process show better struturing and stabilization of the mesophase. The formation and shape of the micelar aggregates depends on the concentration and quantity of the tensoactive in solution, as well as the type of the oil used. The aging of the CLE unframes the the type of the inicial mesophase, this phenomena happens in either samples that underwent or not the process of thermal induction. The results of the study of structural stability of the mesophases as temperature function revealed that only the CLE with high Zr/SO4 ratio and prepared with urea presented higher stability, even at higher temperatures than induction temperature. It was shown that the hexagonal structure expanded liquid cristals made by colloidal suspension (several ratios of Zr4+/SO4 2-), N-cetilpiridin chloride, cyclohexane e 1-pentanol may be used as templates in directing the growth of porous ZrO2 fibers.
Self-assembled, mesoporous structures were prepared by the sol-gel method using expanded liquid cristals (CLE) and expanded liquid cristals modified by urea (CLEU) with hexagonal nanosctructure as templates for the obtention of the porous ceramic phases, with the purpose of the latter to be used as thermal insulators in refrigeration systems. The liquid cristals were synthesized using N-cetilpiridin chloride as surfactant. The zirconia chloride solutions by sulfuric acid were added to attain the mesophases. We could observe in all samples the formation of fibers (needles) with lack of ordered growth. The CLE and fiber structure were determined by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), polarized light optical microscopy and x-ray difraction. The results shows the presence of hexagonal mesophases in all CLE and CLEU samples, in the samples prepared by thermal induction as well as the samples prepared without the refered induction, but the samples obtained by induction process show better struturing and stabilization of the mesophase. The formation and shape of the micelar aggregates depends on the concentration and quantity of the tensoactive in solution, as well as the type of the oil used. The aging of the CLE unframes the the type of the inicial mesophase, this phenomena happens in either samples that underwent or not the process of thermal induction. The results of the study of structural stability of the mesophases as temperature function revealed that only the CLE with high Zr/SO4 ratio and prepared with urea presented higher stability, even at higher temperatures than induction temperature. It was shown that the hexagonal structure expanded liquid cristals made by colloidal suspension (several ratios of Zr4+/SO4 2-), N-cetilpiridin chloride, cyclohexane e 1-pentanol may be used as templates in directing the growth of porous ZrO2 fibers.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Físico-química, Materiais, Zirconio, Sol-Gel, Cristais líquidos, Physical chemistry
Como citar
FREITAS, Fernanda Gabriel de. Crescimento de fibras de zircônia preparadas pela rota sol-gel a partir de moldes de cristal líquido. 2009. 108 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2009.