Fragilidade ambiental e qualidade dos solos em duas bacias hidrográficas de uso rural, em Ibiúna, SP
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Data
2011-02-22
Autores
Manfré, Luiz Augusto [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A atividade agrícola tem consequências diretas sobre a qualidade do solo e dos corpos d'água. Desta forma, avaliar os impactos ambientais desta atividade econômica imprescindível, por meio de análises de solo, estudos de fragilidade ambiental e avaliação do comportamento dos produtores, é essencial para a proposição de alternativas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi efetuar uma análise comparativa da qualidade do solo, fragilidade ambiental e do comportamento dos produtores rurais de duas bacias hidrográficas com diferentes manejos de solo, no município de Ibiúna (SP). Os estudos de fragilidade ambiental foram realizados de maneira empírica por mieo dos métodos propostos por Ross (1994) e Crepani et. al. (1996). Foram analisados atributos físicos e químicos dos solos, de maneira a comparar as diferenças entre os distintos usos de solo identificados nas bacias hidrográficas sobretudo entre as formas de cultivo orgânico e convencional. Além disso, com os atributos de solo foram desenvolvidas funções de pedotransferência e foi possível verificar a exatidão dos modelos de fragilidade ambiental estudados. Por sua vez, a análise socioambiental dos produtores foi realizada por meio de questionários e depoimentos. Os resultados das análises de solo apontaram grande semelhança entre os cultivos orgânico e convencional, não havendo distinção estatística. No entanto, o cultivo orgânico apresentou maior similaridade com os solos de vegetação quanto ao percentual de carbono e nitrogênio, se comparado aos solos de cultivo convencional. Os modelos de fragilidade ambiental resultaram em três mapas muito distintos, sendo que, o modelo com apoio nas classes de declividade obteve melhor coeficiente de correlação de Pearson com os atributos de solo. Os mapas de fragilidade foram subsídios importante para a elaboração de mapas de orientação para uso adequado...
Agricultural activity has direct consequences over soil and water quality. Thus, evaluating the environmental impacts of this important economic activity, via soil quality evaluation, environmental fragility models and behavior of human population, are essential for the elaboration of alternatives. The aim of this work was to analyze, in a comparative way, the soil quality, the environmental fragility and the behavior of the rural population, in two watersheds, within the municipality of Ibiúna (SP). The environmental fragility was executed by the empiric methods purposed by Ross (1994) and Crepani et al. (1996). Physical and chemical soil attributes were analyzed, aiming to compare the between the distinct land covers identified in the water basins, mainly the organic and the conventional cultivation. Pedotransfer functions were developed using the soil attributes and also were used to evaluate the accuracy of the fragility models. Socio-economic analysis of the population was performed by a quiz. The soil analysis results presented no statistical different between the organic and conventional cultivation soils. However, the organic cultivation soils showed higher cluster to the vegetation soils, than the results presented by the conventional cultivation soils. The fragility models resulted in three different maps, and the declivity class based model presented the best Pearson correlation coefficient. The fragility maps were used to create maps in order to generate maps to guide the soil use and the recovery areas priority. We observed important differences in the environmental degradation stages between the two river basin has a less developed process. Important pedotranfer functions were obtained, estimating the carbon and nitrogen percentage using some chemical and physical attibutes. Therefore, this work has provided important results and has generated tools... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Agricultural activity has direct consequences over soil and water quality. Thus, evaluating the environmental impacts of this important economic activity, via soil quality evaluation, environmental fragility models and behavior of human population, are essential for the elaboration of alternatives. The aim of this work was to analyze, in a comparative way, the soil quality, the environmental fragility and the behavior of the rural population, in two watersheds, within the municipality of Ibiúna (SP). The environmental fragility was executed by the empiric methods purposed by Ross (1994) and Crepani et al. (1996). Physical and chemical soil attributes were analyzed, aiming to compare the between the distinct land covers identified in the water basins, mainly the organic and the conventional cultivation. Pedotransfer functions were developed using the soil attributes and also were used to evaluate the accuracy of the fragility models. Socio-economic analysis of the population was performed by a quiz. The soil analysis results presented no statistical different between the organic and conventional cultivation soils. However, the organic cultivation soils showed higher cluster to the vegetation soils, than the results presented by the conventional cultivation soils. The fragility models resulted in three different maps, and the declivity class based model presented the best Pearson correlation coefficient. The fragility maps were used to create maps in order to generate maps to guide the soil use and the recovery areas priority. We observed important differences in the environmental degradation stages between the two river basin has a less developed process. Important pedotranfer functions were obtained, estimating the carbon and nitrogen percentage using some chemical and physical attibutes. Therefore, this work has provided important results and has generated tools... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Qualidade ambiental, Política ambiental, Environmental quality, Environmental planning
Como citar
MANFRÉ, Luiz Augusto. Fragilidade ambiental e qualidade dos solos em duas bacias hidrográficas de uso rural, em Ibiúna, SP. 2011. 142 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2011.