As influências do realismo político e do complexo industrial-militar no expansionismo norte americano (1990-2004)
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Data
2006-05-23
Autores
Pennacchi, Andrea Marcia de Toledo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No final do século 19, nos anos que se sucederam à Guerra Civil, os Estados Unidos se consolidaram como nação industrial e também vivenciaram, como a Europa e o Japão, os problemas causados pela super-produção e pela gradual escassez de recursos naturais. Em busca de uma solução para tais dificuldades e a despeito de seu discurso isolacionista e liberal, os Estados Unidos iniciaram um processo expansionista que gradualmente estendeu sua influência econômica, política e cultural por todos os continentes. Um novo tipo de domínio, esse expansionismo se consolidou como resultado de uma conjuntura histórica, ideológica, tecnológica e religiosa e caracterizou-se por não ter limites, nem fronteiras; por englobar a totalidade do espaço do mundo e por penetrar na vida das populações subjugadas, não apenas nas suas relações com a grande potência, mas também em seus corpos, mentes, ideários e religiosidade. No passado, nenhuma ordem política ocupou tantas dimensões ou exerceu tanto controle sobre o mundo. A velha sociedade disciplinar tradicional e seus valores políticos foram substituídos por uma nova sociedade de controle e a hegemonia norte-americana passou a ser consolidada por uma rede de bases militares espalhadas por todos os continentes e por meio de sofisticados sistemas de comunicação e informações, além de atividades de enquadramento com coerção militar. Este estudo pretende aprofundar o conhecimento sobre essa nova forma de expansão e domínio, concentrando-se na teoria política do realismo, no fortalecimento do militarismo nos Estados Unidos e nas relações existentes entre o governo e o grande conglomerado das industrias da defesa instalado no país.
In the end of the 19th century, after the Civil War and its consolidation as an industrial power, the United States also suffered the consequences caused by overproduction. Looking for a way out of it and in spite of its isolacionism and politicals critics on European imperialism, the United States ingeniously began its own imperial expansion, favored by military events which allowed them to incresase its economical, political and cultural influence all over the world. The expansion performed by the United States is a form of dominance that emerged in the last decades as result of political and military interests, added to all technological transformations that humanity has been through, being quite distict from the political power exercised over men in past eras: it has no limits or frontiers; it comprises all the world and involves the lives of entire populations, affecting their bodies, minds, ideals and religiosity. Never before a political order has taken such a dimension or has exercised such a control over the world. In this context, the old and traditional disciplinary society and its political conventions had to give way to a new society of control, ready to rule all over people through a net of defensive military basis set quietly and regularly over all continents, and through communications systems, high-tech information nets and deadly potent armaments. This work is, therefore, dedicated to collect data and explain the historical evolution of this expansion and is focused in the connection among the political theory of realism, the escalation of militarism in the United States and in the close relations that tie some sectors of the government to the economical conglomerate of defense industries.
In the end of the 19th century, after the Civil War and its consolidation as an industrial power, the United States also suffered the consequences caused by overproduction. Looking for a way out of it and in spite of its isolacionism and politicals critics on European imperialism, the United States ingeniously began its own imperial expansion, favored by military events which allowed them to incresase its economical, political and cultural influence all over the world. The expansion performed by the United States is a form of dominance that emerged in the last decades as result of political and military interests, added to all technological transformations that humanity has been through, being quite distict from the political power exercised over men in past eras: it has no limits or frontiers; it comprises all the world and involves the lives of entire populations, affecting their bodies, minds, ideals and religiosity. Never before a political order has taken such a dimension or has exercised such a control over the world. In this context, the old and traditional disciplinary society and its political conventions had to give way to a new society of control, ready to rule all over people through a net of defensive military basis set quietly and regularly over all continents, and through communications systems, high-tech information nets and deadly potent armaments. This work is, therefore, dedicated to collect data and explain the historical evolution of this expansion and is focused in the connection among the political theory of realism, the escalation of militarism in the United States and in the close relations that tie some sectors of the government to the economical conglomerate of defense industries.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Realismo, Imperialismo, Complexo militar-industrial, Segurança internacional, Estados Unidos História, Realism, Imperialism, Military-Industrial Complex, Arms Industry, Internacional Security
Como citar
PENNACCHI, Andrea Marcia de Toledo. As influências do realismo político e do complexo industrial-militar no expansionismo norte americano (1990-2004). 2006. 263 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2006.