Efeito de reagentes de branqueamento nas propriedaes físicas e mecânicas da polpa de celulose Kraft de eucalipto
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Data
2011-07-26
Autores
Comelato, Jaqueline Silveira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento da celulose kraft de eucalipto branqueada por diferentes reagentes e sua influência sobre as propriedades físicas e mecânicas do papel produzido, refino e propriedades das fibras. Os reagentes químicos utilizados nas sequências de branqueamento afetam significativamente as propriedades da polpa por despolimerização das cadeias de celulose e, consequentemente, a diminuição do comprimento das fibras. O refino tem por objetivo melhorar as interações entre as fibras, porém resulta em alterações estruturais, incluindo o encurtamento da fibra, fibrilação interna e externa, como também a produção de finos na polpa de celulose. O material utilizado foi uma polpa kraft industrial de eucalipto pré-deslignificada com oxigênio. As sequências de branqueamento foram do tipo ECF (livre de cloro elementar), objetivando alcançar uma alvura de 90 ± 0,5% ISO. A sequência D(E+P)DD foi utilizada como referência para as sequências AHTD(E+P)DD, D(E+P)D(PO) e PX(E+P)DD. As polpas foram classificadas em classificador laboratorial tipo Bauer-McNett de acordo com a norma TAPPI T233 – cm 25. As duas maiores porções de polpa retidas nas peneiras do equipamento foram refinadas nas mesmas condições de sua polpa não classificada. O comprimento das fibras, coarseness e teor de finos foram determinados em análise microscópica em aparelho FQA (Fiber Quality Analyser). As análises físicas, mecânicas e químicas foram determinadas de acordo com os procedimentos descritos pela norma TAPPI. As polpas das sequências branqueadas com os estágios AHT, PX e PO afetaram mais negativamente as propriedades físicas e mecânicas da polpa e aumentaram a concentração de polpa, que passaram em peneiras mais finas, pois estes reagentes são pouco seletivos. Para as polpas classificadas, a drenabilidade após o refino foi menor, pois quanto...
This study aims to evaluate the relation between the length of cellulose fibers and their influence on the refining, caused by different bleaching chemical reagents. The chemical reagents used in bleaching sequences affect significantly the composition of the pulp, causing depolymerization of cellulose chains, and by consequence, the reduction of fiber lengths. The refining aims to improve interactions between the fibers, but also results in composition changes, including fiber shortening, internal and external fibrillation, and also the production of fines in pulp. The material used was an industrial eucalyptus pulp pre-oxygen delignified. The bleaching sequences were type ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free), in order to reach a brightness of 90 ± 0.5% ISO. The sequence D(E+P)DD was used as reference to the AHTD(E+P)DD, D(E+P)D(PO) and PXA(E+P)DD sequences. The pulps were classified according to TAPPI T233 – cm 25 in a laboratorial Bauer-McNett classifier. The two major pieces of pulp retained in the equipment´s sieves were refined under de same conditions for the unclassified pulp. The size and coarseness of the fibers were determined by microscopic analysis, in a FQA (Fiber Quality Analyzer) equipment. The physical-mechanical and analytical properties were determined in accordance to TAPPI standards. The bleached pulps with AHT, PXA and PO stages were more negatively affected by the physical and mechanical properties of the pulp and increased the concentration of slurry that passed in thinner screens, because these reagents are less selective. For the classified pulps, the drainability after refining was lower thus the smaller the amounts of fines in pulp, the greater the space between the fibers. The absence of fines negatively affected the tensile, compression and smoothness properties of paper. The low percentage of fines in pulps was not significant for tear index, but it increased ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This study aims to evaluate the relation between the length of cellulose fibers and their influence on the refining, caused by different bleaching chemical reagents. The chemical reagents used in bleaching sequences affect significantly the composition of the pulp, causing depolymerization of cellulose chains, and by consequence, the reduction of fiber lengths. The refining aims to improve interactions between the fibers, but also results in composition changes, including fiber shortening, internal and external fibrillation, and also the production of fines in pulp. The material used was an industrial eucalyptus pulp pre-oxygen delignified. The bleaching sequences were type ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free), in order to reach a brightness of 90 ± 0.5% ISO. The sequence D(E+P)DD was used as reference to the AHTD(E+P)DD, D(E+P)D(PO) and PXA(E+P)DD sequences. The pulps were classified according to TAPPI T233 – cm 25 in a laboratorial Bauer-McNett classifier. The two major pieces of pulp retained in the equipment´s sieves were refined under de same conditions for the unclassified pulp. The size and coarseness of the fibers were determined by microscopic analysis, in a FQA (Fiber Quality Analyzer) equipment. The physical-mechanical and analytical properties were determined in accordance to TAPPI standards. The bleached pulps with AHT, PXA and PO stages were more negatively affected by the physical and mechanical properties of the pulp and increased the concentration of slurry that passed in thinner screens, because these reagents are less selective. For the classified pulps, the drainability after refining was lower thus the smaller the amounts of fines in pulp, the greater the space between the fibers. The absence of fines negatively affected the tensile, compression and smoothness properties of paper. The low percentage of fines in pulps was not significant for tear index, but it increased ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Celulose, Branqueamento, Fibras, Eucalipto, Fiber, Eucalyptus
Como citar
COMELATO, Jaqueline Silveira. Efeito de reagentes de branqueamento nas propriedaes físicas e mecânicas da polpa de celulose Kraft de eucalipto. 2011. 111 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2011.