Estudo da usinagem em torneamento da superliga a base de niquel NIMONIC 80
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Data
2007-06
Autores
Faria, José Carlos de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As ligas de níquel possuem uma composição química com elevado teor de elementos de liga, os quais são responsáveis por suas propriedades mecânicas e térmicas; porém estas características dificultam demasiadamente sua usinagem, levando a ocorrência de alguns problemas durante o processo. O objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo da usinagem por torneamento cilíndrico externo da liga a base de níquel Nimonic 80A, visando a otimização da usinagem desta liga, buscando proporcionar aumentos reais de produtividade sem a necessidade de investimentos em novos meios de produção. Além disto, resultados deste trabalho devem oferecer informações mais detalhadas a respeito do comportamento desta liga em relação a usinagem por torneamento. Os ensaios de usinagem foram realizados em um corpo de prova da liga, considerando os parâmetros de usinagem: velocidade de corte (75 e 90 m/min), profundidade de usinagem (0,8 e 1,6 mm) e avanços (0,12; 0,15 e 0,18 mm/v). Os ensaios foram realizados em um torno CNC e ferramentas com pastilha de metal duro. Após cada etapa do torneamento foram realizadas as medidas do comprimento de corte, do desgaste das ferramentas (através de uma lupa (8x)) e a rugosidade das peças (avaliada em cada fase do processo), com o auxílio de um rugosímetro portátil. Por meio de microscopia óptica, foi possível observar o desgaste das ferramentas de corte para cada condição avaliada. Microscopicamente, observou-se que, apesar da grande variação do comprimento de corte para os diversos testes, o mecanismo predominante de desgaste nas ferramentas foi sempre o mesmo (abrasão no flanco). Os valores de rugosidade Ra e Ry, para as condições avaliadas foram sempre superiores aos valores teóricos. Após análise dos resultados foi possível concluir que o melhor desempenho para esta faixa de trabalho testada foi obtido para ap=0,8mm; f=0,15mm/volta e vC=75m/min, o que resultou em um maior comprimento de corte (1811 m).
The nickel alloys have a chemical composition with high tenor of alloy elements which are responsible for your mechanical and thermal properties, however these characteristics hinder your too much machining, taking the occurrence of some problems during the process. The objective of this work is the study of the machining by external cylindrical turning of the nickel based alloy Nimonic 80A, seeking the machining optimization of this alloy looking for to provide real increases of productivity without the need of investments in new production means. Besides, the results of this work should offer more detailed information regarding the behavior of this alloy in relation to machining by turning. The machining experiences were accomplished in a specimen of the nickel alloy, considering the machining parameters: cutting speed (75 and 90 m/min), cutting depth (0,8 and 1,6 mm) and feed rate (0,12; 0,15 and 0,18 mm/v). The valuations were accomplished in a CNC lathe and tools with of hard metal inserts. After each stage of the turning the measures of the cutting length were accomplished, of the waste of the tools through a magnifying glass (8x) and the roughness of the specimen evaluated in each phase of the process, with the aid of a portable roughness meter. Through light optical microscopy it was possible to observe the wear of the cutting tools for each appraised condition. Aided by microscopy was observed that, in spite of the great variation of the cutting length for the several tests, the predominant mechanism of tool wear was always the same (abrasion in the flank). The roughness values, Ra and Ry, for the appraised conditions were always superiors to the theoretical values. After analysis of the results it was possible to end that, the best acting for this work strip tested it was obtained for ap=0,8mm: f=0,15mm/rev and VC=75m/min, what resulted in a larger cutting length (1811 m).
The nickel alloys have a chemical composition with high tenor of alloy elements which are responsible for your mechanical and thermal properties, however these characteristics hinder your too much machining, taking the occurrence of some problems during the process. The objective of this work is the study of the machining by external cylindrical turning of the nickel based alloy Nimonic 80A, seeking the machining optimization of this alloy looking for to provide real increases of productivity without the need of investments in new production means. Besides, the results of this work should offer more detailed information regarding the behavior of this alloy in relation to machining by turning. The machining experiences were accomplished in a specimen of the nickel alloy, considering the machining parameters: cutting speed (75 and 90 m/min), cutting depth (0,8 and 1,6 mm) and feed rate (0,12; 0,15 and 0,18 mm/v). The valuations were accomplished in a CNC lathe and tools with of hard metal inserts. After each stage of the turning the measures of the cutting length were accomplished, of the waste of the tools through a magnifying glass (8x) and the roughness of the specimen evaluated in each phase of the process, with the aid of a portable roughness meter. Through light optical microscopy it was possible to observe the wear of the cutting tools for each appraised condition. Aided by microscopy was observed that, in spite of the great variation of the cutting length for the several tests, the predominant mechanism of tool wear was always the same (abrasion in the flank). The roughness values, Ra and Ry, for the appraised conditions were always superiors to the theoretical values. After analysis of the results it was possible to end that, the best acting for this work strip tested it was obtained for ap=0,8mm: f=0,15mm/rev and VC=75m/min, what resulted in a larger cutting length (1811 m).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Usinagem, Desgaste mecanico, Machining, Nickel
Como citar
FARIA, José Carlos de. Estudo da usinagem em torneamento da superliga a base de niquel NIMONIC 80. 2007. 88 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2007.