Ação de ultra-som em leveduras no processo de fermentação etanólica
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Data
2008-06-20
Autores
Pedro, Cláudia Ribeiro Leone [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O crescente interesse mundial no aumento da produção do etanol como combustível alternativo bem como seu uso na indústria alcoolquímica através de processos de fermentação, tem proporcionado o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias que auxiliem no aumento de sua produtividade e rendimento. Este estudo, portanto relata a influência das ondas ultra-sônicas durante processo fermentativo quando aplicada radiação em mosto contendo Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Dessa forma objetivou-se verificar se a aplicação do ultra-som no processo fermentativo induz alguma alteração quanto à produção de etanol. As ondas ultra-sônicas foram geradas com sonda vibratória de 19 KHz, a potência de 80 W com duração de 30 segundos a cada aplicação efetuada. Foram realizados quatro experimentos fermentativos empregando-se Saccharomyces cerevisiae na forma de fermento fresco prensado Fleischmann Royal ®. Celular Todos os experimentos foram elaborados com 5 repetições e as amostras para as análises dos experimentos I, III e IV, foram coletadas tempos 3; 6 e 9 horas de fermentação, exceto no experimento II que as amostragens foram nos tempos 1,5; 3 e 4,5 horas. As amostras para as análises destes, foram coletadas antes e após o procedimento de irradiação. Em todos os experimentos houve a coleta de amostras controle. Analisou-se nos mostos fermentados do experimento I: pH, acidez sulfúrica, número de células,viabilidade celular, produção de etanol, açúcar residual total e rendimentos fermentativos (prático, teórico, real e real do prático). Nos experimentos II, III e IV analisou-se somente a produção de etanol. No experimento IV foi realizado reciclo de células onde as células foram submetidas a 3 fermentações sucessivas. Os dados comparativos indicaram que a irradiação com ultra-som, diminui o pH e aumenta a acidez sulfúrica, quando comparado ao controle, supondo-se como...
The growing international interest in ethanol as an alternative to fossil fuels, as well as its industrial use by means of fermentative processes, has led to the development of new technologies aiming to increase ethanol productivity. This study therefore reports the influence of ultrasonic wave irradiation applied to sugar cane yeast containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Anyway the objective was to analyze the effects of ultrasound on the production of ethanol. The ultrasonic waves were generated with a vibratory frequency of 19 KHz, potency of 80 W, with 30 seconds duration during each treatment. A series of four fermentative experiments were performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae contained in the fresh yeast Fleischmann Royal ®. All experiments were performed with 5 repetitions. For experiments I, III, and IV, samples were analyzed at 3, 6, and 9 hours after starting the fermentation process; whereas in the experiment II sampling was performed at 1.5, 3, and 4.5 hours of fermentation. Sample collection was performed before and after the irradiation procedure. In all experiments control samples were collected. The pH, sulphuric acidity, cell viability, number of cells, ethanol production, total residual sugar, fermentative output (practical, theoretical, real, and practical of real) were determined in the yeast of experiment I. For experiments II, III, and IV, only ethanol production was determined. During experiment IV cells were recycled for 3 successive fermentations. The comparative data showed that ultrasound irradiation reduced the pH and increased sulphuric acidity when compared to the control; these effects were possibly caused by an increase in organic acids and in CO2 production...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The growing international interest in ethanol as an alternative to fossil fuels, as well as its industrial use by means of fermentative processes, has led to the development of new technologies aiming to increase ethanol productivity. This study therefore reports the influence of ultrasonic wave irradiation applied to sugar cane yeast containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Anyway the objective was to analyze the effects of ultrasound on the production of ethanol. The ultrasonic waves were generated with a vibratory frequency of 19 KHz, potency of 80 W, with 30 seconds duration during each treatment. A series of four fermentative experiments were performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae contained in the fresh yeast Fleischmann Royal ®. All experiments were performed with 5 repetitions. For experiments I, III, and IV, samples were analyzed at 3, 6, and 9 hours after starting the fermentation process; whereas in the experiment II sampling was performed at 1.5, 3, and 4.5 hours of fermentation. Sample collection was performed before and after the irradiation procedure. In all experiments control samples were collected. The pH, sulphuric acidity, cell viability, number of cells, ethanol production, total residual sugar, fermentative output (practical, theoretical, real, and practical of real) were determined in the yeast of experiment I. For experiments II, III, and IV, only ethanol production was determined. During experiment IV cells were recycled for 3 successive fermentations. The comparative data showed that ultrasound irradiation reduced the pH and increased sulphuric acidity when compared to the control; these effects were possibly caused by an increase in organic acids and in CO2 production...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fermentação, Permeabilidade, Álcool, Irradiação, Etanol, Fermentation
Como citar
PEDRO, Cláudia Ribeiro Leone. Ação de ultra-som em leveduras no processo de fermentação etanólica. 2008. 51 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2008.