Estudo clínico e eletromiográfico da dinâmica do sistema mastigatório em pacientes adultos com paralisia cerebral
Arquivos
Data
2012-07-11
Autores
Matsui, Miriam Yumi [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Pacientes com paralisia cerebral se deparam com limitações funcionais motoras na mastigação, deglutição e fonação. É imprescindível compreender o comportamento da musculatura mastigatória para direcionar o diagnóstico e reabilitação oral desses pacientes. A eletromiografia de superfície é uma técnica diagnóstica empregada para a avaliação clínica da atividade muscular. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a função motora oral de pacientes adultos com paralisia cerebral, mediante analises clínica e eletromiográfica. Foram selecionados 30 adultos com paralisia cerebral, de ambos os sexos, entre 20 e 59 anos, com capacidade de compreender e responder a comandos verbais. Após anamnese e exame clínico, a função motora da mandíbula, língua, lábios, palato mole e laringe, bem como expressões da mímica facial foram avaliados. De acordo com o escore alcançado por cada paciente ao realizar os movimentos orais, o comprometimento motor oral foi classificado nas intensidades leve, moderado e severo. O exame eletromiográfico da musculatura mastigatória foi realizado, bilateralmente, nos músculos masseter, temporal e supra-hióideos nas posições de repouso, isometria e abertura. Um transdutor de força e um goniômetro foram utilizados para a medição de força e abertura bucal máxima, respectivamente. A correlação entre os resultados clínicos e eletromiográficos foi avaliada pelo Teste de Friedman, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon. O grau de comprometimento motor oral foi moderado em 60% dos pacientes, severo em 36,66% e leve em 3,33%. As atividades elétromiográficas dos músculos estudados nas posições de repouso, isometria e abertura apresentaram respostas individuais, não se estabelecendo relação com os diferentes graus de comprometimento motor oral. A alta prevalência e o caráter individual dos problemas...
Patients with cerebral palsy are faced with motor limitations in chewing, swallowing and speech. It is essential to understand their oral motor function to guide the diagnosis and treatment. Surface electromyography is a diagnostic tool for clinical evaluation of muscle activity. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and electromyographic behavior of oral motor function in adult patients with cerebral palsy. 30 patients with cerebral palsy, both gender, aged between 19 and 59 years were enrolled in this study. After anamnesis and clinical examination, oral motor function was assessed through a scale that evaluated: jaw, tongue, lips, soft palate and larynx mobility, as well as facial expressions. The score achieved by each patient according to her/his performance in accomplishing oral movements classified her/his impairment of oral motor function in mild, moderate and severe. Surface electromyography was recorded bilaterally from masseter, anterior temporalis and suprahyoid muscles at rest, isometry and openness position. A force transducer and a goniometer were used to measure, respectively, maximum bite force and opening. Finally, the compatibility between the clinical and electromyographic evaluation was statistically assessed by means of Friedman, Mann- Whitney and Wilcoxon test. The degree of oral motor impairment was mild in 60% of the patients, severe in 36.66% and mild in 3.33%. The electromyographic activity in rest, isometry and openness position, showed individual responses and were not related to the degree of oral motor impairment. The high prevalence of oral motor problems and its individual... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Patients with cerebral palsy are faced with motor limitations in chewing, swallowing and speech. It is essential to understand their oral motor function to guide the diagnosis and treatment. Surface electromyography is a diagnostic tool for clinical evaluation of muscle activity. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and electromyographic behavior of oral motor function in adult patients with cerebral palsy. 30 patients with cerebral palsy, both gender, aged between 19 and 59 years were enrolled in this study. After anamnesis and clinical examination, oral motor function was assessed through a scale that evaluated: jaw, tongue, lips, soft palate and larynx mobility, as well as facial expressions. The score achieved by each patient according to her/his performance in accomplishing oral movements classified her/his impairment of oral motor function in mild, moderate and severe. Surface electromyography was recorded bilaterally from masseter, anterior temporalis and suprahyoid muscles at rest, isometry and openness position. A force transducer and a goniometer were used to measure, respectively, maximum bite force and opening. Finally, the compatibility between the clinical and electromyographic evaluation was statistically assessed by means of Friedman, Mann- Whitney and Wilcoxon test. The degree of oral motor impairment was mild in 60% of the patients, severe in 36.66% and mild in 3.33%. The electromyographic activity in rest, isometry and openness position, showed individual responses and were not related to the degree of oral motor impairment. The high prevalence of oral motor problems and its individual... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Paralisia cerebral, Eletromiografia, Mastigação, Deglutição
Como citar
MATSUI, Miriam Yumi. Estudo clínico e eletromiográfico da dinâmica do sistema mastigatório em pacientes adultos com paralisia cerebral. 2012. 104 p. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos, 2012.