Biodigestão anaeróbia de águas residuárias humanas: composição do biogás e qualidade do efluente
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Data
2013-07-29
Autores
Branco, Paula Maria Pilotto [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Tendo em vista as más condições sanitárias nos países em desenvolvimento e especificamente no Brasil, onde ainda nos dias atuais, encontram-se altos índices de morte de crianças por diarreia. O trabalho em questão visa contribuir com soluções que viabilizem a sustentabilidade ambiental quanto ao tratamento e a disposição desses esgotos sanitários, fomentando a utilização de técnologias viáveis e eficientes. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar o tratamento da rede coletora da Cooperativa dos Plantadores de cana do Oeste do Estado de São Paulo – Copercana, por meio da utilização da biodigestão anaeróbia visando a recilcagem energética e orgânica das águas residuárias humanas. Além de definir a destinação mais adequada, seja por adubação de solo ou o descarte adequado em corpos d’água. O biodigestor tubular é responsável pelo tratamento de todoo esgoto produzido na cooperativa, que possui 150 funcionários. O tempo de retenção no biodigestoré de 25 dias e o período de avaliação foi de Agosto – Dezembro de 2012 (18 semanas, com 54 coletas, o que representa 108 amostras). A vazão média do efluente foi de 224L h-1 atingindo seu pico no mês de Outubro com 900 L h-1. Não foi observada a preseça de ovos de helmintos. O sistema se mostrou eficiente quanto a redução no número de micro-organismos indicadores de contaminação fecal atingindo 93,63% para os Coliformes totais e 88,48% para os C. termotolerantes. A DQO e nitrogênio não apresentaram índices de redução satisfatório, 55,20 e 44,37%, respectivamente. O teor de fósforo embora tenha sido reduzido eficientemente 82,15%, foi observado em excesso no afluente, atingindo média de 374,28 mg L-1. A produção de biogás foi constante durante todo o período, composto, em média, por aproximadamente 73% de metano e 10% de dióxido de carbono. A presença de nutrientes levou a intensificação...
Based on the poor sanitary conditions in developing countries, in this case, specifically Brazil, even today, has high rates of death from diarrhea in children. The work in question aims to contribute to solutions that enable environmental sustainability regarding the treatment and disposal of these wastewater, promoting the use of viable and efficient technologies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the sewage system of Cane Growers Cooperative of Western São Paulo State - Copercana through the use of anaerobic digestion for energy and organic recycling of wastewater human. In addition, define the most appropriate destination, either by soil fertilization or proper disposal into water bodies. The tubular digester is responsible for handling all the sewage system produced in cooperative that serves 150 staff, with a time retention of 25 days, being evaluated during the period of August - December 2012, a total of 18 weeks, with 54 collections, which represents 108 samples. The average flow rate of the effluent was 224L h-1 peaking in October of 900 L h-1. It was not observed the presence of helminth eggs. The system proved to be efficient for the reduction of micro-organisms fecal indicator reaching 93.63% for total Coliforms and 88.48% for C. thermotolerant. The COD and nitrogen did not presented satisfactory reduction rates, 55.20 and 44.37% respectively. Although the phosphorus content has been reduced efficiently 82.15% it was observed in excess on affluent, with an average of 374.28 mg L-1. The biogas production was constant during the entire period, composed, on average, by approximately 73% methane and 10% carbon dioxide. The presence of nutrients led to intensification of Eutrophication post digester and disposal of chemical reagents in the sinks may have led to an increase in the concentration of phosphorus in the influent. It is necessary to examine the sludge present in the bottom ...
Based on the poor sanitary conditions in developing countries, in this case, specifically Brazil, even today, has high rates of death from diarrhea in children. The work in question aims to contribute to solutions that enable environmental sustainability regarding the treatment and disposal of these wastewater, promoting the use of viable and efficient technologies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the sewage system of Cane Growers Cooperative of Western São Paulo State - Copercana through the use of anaerobic digestion for energy and organic recycling of wastewater human. In addition, define the most appropriate destination, either by soil fertilization or proper disposal into water bodies. The tubular digester is responsible for handling all the sewage system produced in cooperative that serves 150 staff, with a time retention of 25 days, being evaluated during the period of August - December 2012, a total of 18 weeks, with 54 collections, which represents 108 samples. The average flow rate of the effluent was 224L h-1 peaking in October of 900 L h-1. It was not observed the presence of helminth eggs. The system proved to be efficient for the reduction of micro-organisms fecal indicator reaching 93.63% for total Coliforms and 88.48% for C. thermotolerant. The COD and nitrogen did not presented satisfactory reduction rates, 55.20 and 44.37% respectively. Although the phosphorus content has been reduced efficiently 82.15% it was observed in excess on affluent, with an average of 374.28 mg L-1. The biogas production was constant during the entire period, composed, on average, by approximately 73% methane and 10% carbon dioxide. The presence of nutrients led to intensification of Eutrophication post digester and disposal of chemical reagents in the sinks may have led to an increase in the concentration of phosphorus in the influent. It is necessary to examine the sludge present in the bottom ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aguas residuais, Esgotos, Biogas, Residuos como fertilizante, Residuos organicos - Reaproveitamento, Digestão anaeróbia, Sustentabilidade, Sewage
Como citar
BRANCO, Paula Maria Pilotto. Biodigestão anaeróbia de águas residuárias humanas: composição do biogás e qualidade do efluente. 2013. xvii, 79 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.