Sistemas de cultivo e métodos de implantação de cebola no verão
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Data
2006-12-18
Autores
Van der Vinne, Jhony [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar os efeitos de sistemas de cultivo e métodos de implantação no sistema radicular da cebola e nas propriedades fisicas do solo (Experimentos I e 11), bem como na produtividade de cultivares no verão, visando à colheita de bulbos na entressafra (Experimentos 111 e IV). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em um Latossolo Vermelho, em São José do Rio Pardo-SP, entre dezembro de 2004 e setembro de 2005. No Experimento I, instalado em dezembro, foram avaliados os sistemas de cultivo na palha e convencional (aração/gradagem) e pontos de coleta de amostras do solo: linha e entrelinha. No Experimento 11, instalado em fevereiro, foram avaliados os sistemas de cultivo na palha e convencional, implantados por semeadura direta, transplantio de mudas de bandejas e de raizes nuas. No Experimento 11I, instalado em dezembro, foi avaliada a produtividade de Alfa Tropical, Alfa São Francisco e Mercedes, implantadas por transplantio de mudas de bandejas e de raizes nuas, no cultivo na palha e convencional. No Experimento IV, instalado em fevereiro, foram avaliados os mesmos tratamentos do Experimento 111 e foi adicionado o método da semeadura direta. O sistema radicular concentrou-se entre O e 20 cm de profundidade. A densidade de raizes foi maior no sistema de cultivo na palha do que no convencional, entre O e 10 cm. Os atributos físicos do solo não alteraram o desenvolvimento radicular. A semeadura direta propiciou maior densidade de raizes que mudas de bandejas e de raizes nuas. Altas produtividades foram obtidas com Alfa Tropical e Alfa São Francisco em dezembro, e em fevereiro com Mercedes. O transplantio de mudas de bandejas e a semeadura direta proporcionaram produtividades de até 50 t ha-1, quase o dobro da constatada no método de mudas de raizes nuas. Maiores produtividades ou precocidade de colheita foram obtidas no cultivo na palha em relação ao sistema convencional.
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of til/age system and method of crop implementation on the root system of onions and on the physical properties of the soil (Experiment I and 11), as well as on the productivity of the cultivars in the summer, for the purpose of collecting bulbs in the period of low onion yield (Experiments 111 and IV). The experiments were conducted in red latosol soil, in São José do Rio Pardo-SP, between Oecember, 2004 and September, 2005. Experiment I, started in Oecember, compared tillage systems, conventional (plowing/harrowing) versus no-tillage, and collection areas of soil samples, row versus interrow. Experiment 11, started in February, examined the two tillage systems, where crops were implemented by direct seeding (DS) and transplanting seedlings produced in trays (TST) or in raised beds (TSR). Experiment 11I, started in Oecember, studied the productivity of Alfa Tropical, Alfa São Francisco and Mercedes, implemented by TST and TSR, cultivated with no tillage and with conventional soil preparation. Experiment IV, started in February, examined the same treatments as in Oecember but also the OS method. The root system was concentrated at a depth of O to 20 cm. The density of the roots was greater between O and 10 cm with no tillage compared to conventional soi! preparation. The physical attributes of the soil had no influence on root development. OS favored a greater root density compared to TST and TSR. High productivity was obtained with Alfa Tropical and Alfa São Francisco in Oecember, and in February with Mercedes. TST and OS resulted in productivities of up to 50 t ha-1, almost double that with TSR. Greater yield was obtained with no tillage versus the conventional system.
The aim of the study was to determine the effects of til/age system and method of crop implementation on the root system of onions and on the physical properties of the soil (Experiment I and 11), as well as on the productivity of the cultivars in the summer, for the purpose of collecting bulbs in the period of low onion yield (Experiments 111 and IV). The experiments were conducted in red latosol soil, in São José do Rio Pardo-SP, between Oecember, 2004 and September, 2005. Experiment I, started in Oecember, compared tillage systems, conventional (plowing/harrowing) versus no-tillage, and collection areas of soil samples, row versus interrow. Experiment 11, started in February, examined the two tillage systems, where crops were implemented by direct seeding (DS) and transplanting seedlings produced in trays (TST) or in raised beds (TSR). Experiment 11I, started in Oecember, studied the productivity of Alfa Tropical, Alfa São Francisco and Mercedes, implemented by TST and TSR, cultivated with no tillage and with conventional soil preparation. Experiment IV, started in February, examined the same treatments as in Oecember but also the OS method. The root system was concentrated at a depth of O to 20 cm. The density of the roots was greater between O and 10 cm with no tillage compared to conventional soi! preparation. The physical attributes of the soil had no influence on root development. OS favored a greater root density compared to TST and TSR. High productivity was obtained with Alfa Tropical and Alfa São Francisco in Oecember, and in February with Mercedes. TST and OS resulted in productivities of up to 50 t ha-1, almost double that with TSR. Greater yield was obtained with no tillage versus the conventional system.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cebola - Cultivo, Plantio direto, Cultivo mínimo, No-tillage, Strip-tillage
Como citar
VAN DER VINNE, Jhony. Sistemas de cultivo e métodos de implantação de cebola no verão. 2006. xi, 60 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2006.