Desenvolvimento, aperfeiçoamento e validação de método cromatográfico para previsão da qualidade e propriedades físico-químicas do óleo diesel tipo B
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Data
2009-01-21
Autores
Santos, Bruno César Diniz Brito dos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido e aperfeiçoado um método cromatográfico por GC-FID para análise de óleo diesel comercial. Foram analisadas 220 amostras de óleo diesel por mês de acordo com Resolução ANP nº 15/2006, nos meses de agosto a outubro de 2007 e de fevereiro a abril de 2008, coletando-se dados de 10 parâmetros físico-químicos: massa específica, destilação T10%, T50%, T85%, ponto de fulgor, teor de enxofre, teor de aromáticos totais, teor de aromáticos polinucleares, teor de biodiesel e número de cetano. Através dos dendogramas obtidos foram selecionadas 25 amostras representativas entre as coletadas durante 6 meses, totalizando 150 amostras. Foi selecionada a amostra de maior complexidade — com maior número de picos — para o desenvolvimento e otimização do método cromatográfico por planejamento fatorial e método de superfície de respostas aliados a cálculos de resoluções globais e parciais. As melhores condições para análise cromatográfica foram: temperatura do injetor e detector: 300 ºC; volume injeção: 0,4 μL; pressão de He 300 kPa e Razão Split 1:100; Temperatura: 50 ºC com rampa de 2 ºC.min-1 até 160 ºC; rampa de 4 ºC.min-1 até 220 ºC; rampa de 12 ºC.min-1 até 320 ºC e ao final permanência de 30 min, totalizando 108 min de corrida. Coluna: DB-Petro 50 m – 0,20 mm de diâmetro e 0,50 μm de espessura de dimetilpolisiloxano. O método desenvolvido apresentou-se com resolução e tempo de análise adequados aos propósitos do presente trabalho. A partir dos perfis cromatográficos das amostras, foram empregadas as ferramentas quimiométricas PCA, SIMCA e PLS para desenvolver modelos multivariados com a finalidade de prever a qualidade (conformidade) e os parâmetros físico-químicos das amostras de acordo. Embora a análise por PCA não tenha tornado evidente a discriminação das amostras quanto à conformidade ela se mostrou...
In the present work, a chromatographic method by GC-FID to assay Brazilian commercial diesel fuel was developed and improved. Two hundred and twenty (220) diesel fuel samples were collected per month from August to October 2007 and from February to April 2008. They were assayed, through official standards accordingly to the ANP Resolution nº 15/2006, where data of 10 physicochemical parameters were obtained: relative density, distillation temperatures T10%, T50%, T85%, flash point, sulfur content, total aromatics content, polynuclear aromatics content, biodiesel content and cetane number. Six monthly sets with 25 representative samples of the generated clusters were selected through HCA, totalizing 150 samples. The more complex sample — with the highest number of peaks — was selected for the development and improvement of the chromatographic method by using factorial design and response surface methodology associated with global and partial resolution calculation. The best conditions for the chromatographic analysis were injector and detector temperature: 300 ºC; injection volume: 0,4 μL; He pressure: 300 kPa and split ratio 1:100; oven temperature: 50 ºC with heating rate of 2 ºC.min-1 to 160 ºC, 4 ºC.min-1 to 220 ºC and of 12 ºC.min-1 to 320 ºC and holding this temperature for 30 min; Column: DB-Petro 50 m – 0,20 mm in diameter and 0,50 μm dimethypolysiloxane internal coating. The method showed satisfactory resolution and analysis time, suitabable for the purposes of this work. Chemometric tools (PCA, SIMCA and PLS) were applied to the chromatographic profiles, aiming the development of multivariate methods to predict the quality and the physicochemical parameters of the diesel fuel samples. Although the PCA has not classified the samples as conform and non conform accordind to ANP specifications, it has discriminated the diesel samples with respect... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
In the present work, a chromatographic method by GC-FID to assay Brazilian commercial diesel fuel was developed and improved. Two hundred and twenty (220) diesel fuel samples were collected per month from August to October 2007 and from February to April 2008. They were assayed, through official standards accordingly to the ANP Resolution nº 15/2006, where data of 10 physicochemical parameters were obtained: relative density, distillation temperatures T10%, T50%, T85%, flash point, sulfur content, total aromatics content, polynuclear aromatics content, biodiesel content and cetane number. Six monthly sets with 25 representative samples of the generated clusters were selected through HCA, totalizing 150 samples. The more complex sample — with the highest number of peaks — was selected for the development and improvement of the chromatographic method by using factorial design and response surface methodology associated with global and partial resolution calculation. The best conditions for the chromatographic analysis were injector and detector temperature: 300 ºC; injection volume: 0,4 μL; He pressure: 300 kPa and split ratio 1:100; oven temperature: 50 ºC with heating rate of 2 ºC.min-1 to 160 ºC, 4 ºC.min-1 to 220 ºC and of 12 ºC.min-1 to 320 ºC and holding this temperature for 30 min; Column: DB-Petro 50 m – 0,20 mm in diameter and 0,50 μm dimethypolysiloxane internal coating. The method showed satisfactory resolution and analysis time, suitabable for the purposes of this work. Chemometric tools (PCA, SIMCA and PLS) were applied to the chromatographic profiles, aiming the development of multivariate methods to predict the quality and the physicochemical parameters of the diesel fuel samples. Although the PCA has not classified the samples as conform and non conform accordind to ANP specifications, it has discriminated the diesel samples with respect... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cromatografia gasosa, Combustiveis diesel, Quimiometria, Quimica organica, Gas Chomatography
Como citar
SANTOS, Bruno César Diniz Brito dos. Desenvolvimento, aperfeiçoamento e validação de método cromatográfico para previsão da qualidade e propriedades físico-químicas do óleo diesel tipo B. 2009. 188 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Química, 2009.