Influência da arquitetura de compósitos laminados de fibras de vidro/PAEK/buckypaper em suas propriedades térmica e elétrica.
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Data
2022-11-10
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de compósitos poliméricos avançados são cada vez mais necessários nas atuais demandas de mercado, visto que o surgimento e a produção destes materiais revolucionaram a ciência dos materiais desde a geração de energia até equipamentos esportivos, promovendo alternativas e soluções nessa área de conhecimento. Além disso, a crescente utilização dos compósitos evidencia a necessidade de obtenção de materiais que apresentem não só a função estrutural, mas que conjuntamente sejam, por exemplo, condutores térmicos e elétricos. Portanto, a utilização de nanopartículas, em especial os nanotubos de carbono, vem ganhando cada vez mais visibilidade nos setores de pesquisa e desenvolvimento na obtenção dos chamados compósitos nanoestruturados multifuncionais. O presente trabalho visa avaliar a influência da adição de buckypapers (BP) de nanotubos de carbono nas propriedades térmicas e elétricas de compósitos de poli (aril éter cetona) (PAEK)/fibras de vidro (FV). Os BPs foram processados via filtração a vácuo e, após seu processamento, sua morfologia foi analisada via microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os compósitos laminados de PAEK/BP/FV foram obtidos a partir do processo de moldagem por compressão a quente e avaliados via ultrassom, microscopia óptica (MO) e análise termogravimétrica (TGA) para determinação de sua fração volumétrica. Vale ressaltar que foram processados 4 compósitos, sendo o compósito de referência (PAEK/FV) e três outros laminados com a adição de BPs em diferentes arquiteturas. O comportamento da degradação dos laminados foi avaliado por análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e as propriedades viscoelásticas por análise dinâmicomecânica (DMA). A condutividade térmica foi avaliada pelo método de pulso laser com resultados semelhantes ao material de referência. As propriedades elétricas das amostras foram obtidas por medição de resistividade por 4 pontas (no plano) onde apresentaram valores na faixa de semicondutores e avaliadas por espectroscopia de impedância (através do plano) onde demonstraram um comportamento dielétrico, revelando a anisotropia elétrica das amostras. Por fim, o material nanoestruturado pode ser classificado como multifuncional.
The research and development of advanced polymer composites are urgently necessary for the current market demands since the emergence and production of these materials have revolutionized the material science area, from energy generation to sports equipment, promoting alternatives and solutions in this area of knowledge. Besides, their high demand calls for materials that not only have structural performance but act as thermal and electrical conductors. Therefore, the use of carbon nanotubes has been gaining more and more visibility in the research and development sectors to obtain the so-called multifunctional composites. The present dissertation aims to evaluate the influence of the addition of buckypapers (BP) to carbon nanotubes on the thermal and electrical properties of poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK)/glass fibers (FV) composites. The BPs were processed via vacuum filtration and, after processing, their morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, laminated PAEK/BP/FV composites were obtained from the hot compression molding process and evaluated via ultrasound, optical microscopy (OM), SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine their volumetric fraction. It is worth mentioning that four composites were processed, the reference composite (PAEK/FV) and three other BP laminates with different architectures. The degradation behavior of the laminates was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the viscoelastic properties by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The thermal conductivity was evaluated by the laser pulse method, revealing similar results to the base laminate. The electrical properties of the samples were obtained by using the four-point probe method (in-plane) showing semiconductor properties. Also, the impedance spectroscopy of the samples (through plane) revealed a dielectric behavior, which suggests an electrical anisotropy of the material. Finally, the nanostructured material can be classified as multifunctional.
The research and development of advanced polymer composites are urgently necessary for the current market demands since the emergence and production of these materials have revolutionized the material science area, from energy generation to sports equipment, promoting alternatives and solutions in this area of knowledge. Besides, their high demand calls for materials that not only have structural performance but act as thermal and electrical conductors. Therefore, the use of carbon nanotubes has been gaining more and more visibility in the research and development sectors to obtain the so-called multifunctional composites. The present dissertation aims to evaluate the influence of the addition of buckypapers (BP) to carbon nanotubes on the thermal and electrical properties of poly (aryl ether ketone) (PAEK)/glass fibers (FV) composites. The BPs were processed via vacuum filtration and, after processing, their morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, laminated PAEK/BP/FV composites were obtained from the hot compression molding process and evaluated via ultrasound, optical microscopy (OM), SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine their volumetric fraction. It is worth mentioning that four composites were processed, the reference composite (PAEK/FV) and three other BP laminates with different architectures. The degradation behavior of the laminates was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the viscoelastic properties by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The thermal conductivity was evaluated by the laser pulse method, revealing similar results to the base laminate. The electrical properties of the samples were obtained by using the four-point probe method (in-plane) showing semiconductor properties. Also, the impedance spectroscopy of the samples (through plane) revealed a dielectric behavior, which suggests an electrical anisotropy of the material. Finally, the nanostructured material can be classified as multifunctional.
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Palavras-chave
Compósitos termoplásticos, Buckypaper, Nanotubos de carbono, Condutividade elétrica, Condutividade térmica, Thermoplastic composites, Carbon Nanotubes, Electric conductivity, Thermal conductivity, Nanocompósitos (Materiais), Materiais compostos