COVID-19 and oral diseases: Assessing manifestations of a new pathogen in oral infections

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dc.contributor.authorNaqvi, Afsar R.
dc.contributor.authorSchwartz, Joel
dc.contributor.authorBrandini, Daniela Atili [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorSchaller, Samantha
dc.contributor.authorHussein, Heba
dc.contributor.authorValverde, Araceli
dc.contributor.authorNaqvi, Raza Ali
dc.contributor.authorShukla, Deepak
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Illinois at Chicago
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
dc.contributor.institutionCairo University
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Illinois Medical Center
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-28T19:44:43Z
dc.date.available2022-04-28T19:44:43Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-01
dc.description.abstractSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a recently identified virus responsible for life-threatening coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). The SARS-CoV-2 infected subjects can be asymptomatic or symptomatic; the later may present a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. However, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on oral diseases remain poorly studied. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva indicates existence of virus in the oral cavity. Recent studies demonstrating the expression of ACE-2, a SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, in oral tissues further strengthens this observation. Cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 patients and copious secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) in multiple symptomatic oral pathologies including periodontitis and periapical periodontitis suggests that inflammatory microenvironment is a hallmark of both COVID-19 and oral diseases. Hyperinflammation may provide conducive microenvironment for the growth of local oral pathogens or opportunistic microbes and exert detrimental impact on the oral tissue integrity. Multiple case reports have indicated uncharacterized oral lesions, symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, higher plaque index, necrotizing/desquamative gingivitis in COVID-19 patients suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 may worsen the manifestations of oral infections. However, the underlying factors and pathways remain elusive. Here we summarize current literature and suggest mechanisms for viral pathogenesis of oral dental pathology derived from oral microbiome and oral mucosa-dental tissue interactions. Longitudinal studies will reveal how the virus impairs disease progression and resolution post-therapy. Some relationships we suggest provide the basis for novel monitoring and treatment of oral viral disease in the era of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, promoting evidence-based dentistry guidelines to diagnose virus-infected patients to improve oral health.en
dc.description.affiliationMucosal Immunology Lab College of Dentistry University of Illinois at Chicago
dc.description.affiliationMolecular Pathology Lab College of Dentistry University of Illinois at Chicago
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Diagnosis and Surgery Araçatuba Dental School Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Oral Medicine Oral Diagnosis and Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Cairo University
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology University of Illinois at Chicago
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Illinois Medical Center
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartment of Diagnosis and Surgery Araçatuba Dental School Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08830185.2021.1967949
dc.identifier.citationInternational Reviews of Immunology.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/08830185.2021.1967949
dc.identifier.issn1563-5244
dc.identifier.issn0883-0185
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85115149449
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/222440
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Reviews of Immunology
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectAntiviral pathways
dc.subjectimmune response
dc.subjectoral inflammatory diseases
dc.subjectsaliva
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.titleCOVID-19 and oral diseases: Assessing manifestations of a new pathogen in oral infectionsen
dc.typeResenha
unesp.author.orcid0000-0001-7436-3056[1]

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