Fotogrametria de uma paleotoca escavada por preguiças-gigantes (megaichnus major)
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2022-09-14
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Durante o Plioceno e Pleistoceno, mamíferos gigantes que viveram na América do Sul tinham o comportamento escavador que, em busca de abrigo e refúgio, construiram grandes icnofósseis denominados Megaichnus (paleotocas). Megaichnus são estruturas biogênicas na forma de túneis e salões escavados por Folivora (Megaichnus major) e Cingulata (Megaichnus minor). No teto e nas paredes dessas paleotocas é possível observar traços de escavação desses animais. Foi realizada a fotogrametria digital através do imageamento de M. major para gerar um Modelo Digital Tridimensional (M3D). A paleotoca estudada está localizada na cidade de Doutor Pedrinho, Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil, sendo estaescavada no arenito da Formação Taciba (Permiano). As fotografias foram registradas com uma câmera GoPro 4 e uma Nikon D7000, processadas para geração de dois M3D. Os M3D estão disponíveis para visualização no site Sketchfab por meio dos links (GoPro 4; https://skfb.ly/6RYyn (GoPro 4) e https://skfb.ly/ooprJ (Nikon D7000). O modelo gerado com as fotografias GoPro foi transformado em realidade virtual através do programa Unity, o qual gerou um aplicativo para smartphones que necessita de óculos 3D para imersão na paleotoca, disponível online. O M3D permite o acesso virtual ao interior dos icnofósseis, tornando possível seu estudo remoto de qualquer lugar do mundo. A construção de M3Ds das paleotocas, por meio da fotogrametria de alta resolução, permite ampla divulgação do conhecimento sobre estas estruturas.
During the Pliocene and Pleistocene, the extinct giant mammals that inhabited South America excavated large burrows in search of shelter and refuge. These ichnofissils called Megaichnus (paleoburrows) are biogenic structures in the form of tunnels and halls excavated by Folivora (Megaichnus major) and Cingulata (Megaichnus minor). On the roofand walls of the paleoburrows, it is possible to observe characteristic traces of excavation. Digital photogrammetry was performed using M. major photos to generate the Three-Dimensional Digital Model (M3D). The studied paleoburrow is located in the city of Doutor Pedrinho, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. The paleoburrow of Doutor Pedrinho was excavated in the sandstone of the Taciba Formation (Permian). The photographs were taken with a GoPro 4 camera and a Nikon D7000, and then processed for the generation of two M3D. The generated M3Ds are available for viewing on the Sketchfab website via the links https://skfb.ly/6RYyn (GoPro 4) and https://skfb.ly/ooprJ (Nikon D7000). The GoPro model was also transformed into virtual reality through the Unity program, which generated an application for smartphones that requires 3D glasses for immersion in the paleoburrow. 3DM allows easy access to the ichnofossils, making it possible to study them remotely from anywhere in the world. The construction of M3Ds of the paleoburrows, through high-resolution photogrammetry, is an innovative proposal and also allows wide dissemination of knowledge about these structures.
During the Pliocene and Pleistocene, the extinct giant mammals that inhabited South America excavated large burrows in search of shelter and refuge. These ichnofissils called Megaichnus (paleoburrows) are biogenic structures in the form of tunnels and halls excavated by Folivora (Megaichnus major) and Cingulata (Megaichnus minor). On the roofand walls of the paleoburrows, it is possible to observe characteristic traces of excavation. Digital photogrammetry was performed using M. major photos to generate the Three-Dimensional Digital Model (M3D). The studied paleoburrow is located in the city of Doutor Pedrinho, Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. The paleoburrow of Doutor Pedrinho was excavated in the sandstone of the Taciba Formation (Permian). The photographs were taken with a GoPro 4 camera and a Nikon D7000, and then processed for the generation of two M3D. The generated M3Ds are available for viewing on the Sketchfab website via the links https://skfb.ly/6RYyn (GoPro 4) and https://skfb.ly/ooprJ (Nikon D7000). The GoPro model was also transformed into virtual reality through the Unity program, which generated an application for smartphones that requires 3D glasses for immersion in the paleoburrow. 3DM allows easy access to the ichnofossils, making it possible to study them remotely from anywhere in the world. The construction of M3Ds of the paleoburrows, through high-resolution photogrammetry, is an innovative proposal and also allows wide dissemination of knowledge about these structures.
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Megafauna, Quaternário, Paleotocas, Modelo digital tridimensional