Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American xenodontines: A revised classification and descriptions of new taxa

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dc.contributor.authorZaher, Hussam
dc.contributor.authorGrazziotin, Felipe Gobbi [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorCadle, John E.
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Robert W.
dc.contributor.authorde Moura-Leite, Julio Cesar
dc.contributor.authorBonatto, Sandro L.
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionCalifornia Academy of Sciences
dc.contributor.institutionCentre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology
dc.contributor.institutionThe Chinese Academy of Sciences
dc.contributor.institutionPontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR)
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:23:55Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:23:55Z
dc.date.issued2009-06-02
dc.description.abstractWe present a molecular phylogenetic analysis of caenophidian (advanced) snakes using sequences from two mitochondrial genes (12S and 16S rRNA) and one nuclear (c-mos) gene (1681 total base pairs), and with 131 terminal taxa sampled from throughout all major caenophidian lineages but focussing on Neotropical xenodontines. Direct optimization parsimony analysis resulted in a well-resolved phylogenetic tree, which corroborates some clades identified in previous analyses and suggests new hypotheses for the composition and relationships of others. The major salient points of our analysis are: (1) placement of Acrochordus, Xenodermatids, and Pareatids as successive outgroups to all remaining caenophidians (including viperids, elapids, atractaspidids, and all other colubrid groups); (2) within the latter group, viperids and homalopsids are sucessive sister clades to all remaining snakes; (3) the following monophyletic clades within crown group caenophidians: Afro-Asian psammophiids (including Mimophis from Madagascar), Elapidae (including hydrophiines but excluding Homoroselaps), Pseudoxyrhophiinae, Colubrinae, Natricinae, Dipsadinae, and Xenodontinae. Homoroselaps is associated with atractaspidids. Our analysis suggests some taxonomic changes within xenodontines, including new taxonomy for Alsophis elegans, Liophis amarali, and further taxonomic changes within Xenodontini and the West Indian radiation of xenodontines. Based on our molecular analysis, we present a revised classification for caenophidians and provide morphological diagnoses for many of the included clades; we also highlight groups where much more work is needed. We name as new two higher taxonomic clades within Caenophidia, one new subfamily within Dipsadidae, and, within Xenodontinae five new tribes, six new genera and two resurrected genera. We synonymize Xenoxybelis and Pseudablabes with Philodryas; Erythrolamprus with Liophis; and Lystrophis and Waglerophis with Xenodon.en
dc.description.affiliationMuseu de Zoologia Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 42.494, 04218-970, São Paulo, SP
dc.description.affiliationLaboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS
dc.description.affiliationPrograma de Pós Graduação em Zoologia UNESP, Rio Claro, SP
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Herpetology California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, CA 94118
dc.description.affiliationCentre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto
dc.description.affiliationState Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223
dc.description.affiliationMuseu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR
dc.description.affiliationUnespPrograma de Pós Graduação em Zoologia UNESP, Rio Claro, SP
dc.format.extent115-153
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0031-10492009001100001
dc.identifier.citationPapeis Avulsos de Zoologia, v. 49, n. 11, p. 115-153, 2009.
dc.identifier.doi10.1590/S0031-10492009001100001
dc.identifier.file2-s2.0-65349176393.pdf
dc.identifier.issn0031-1049
dc.identifier.issn1807-0205
dc.identifier.scieloS0031-10492009001100001
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-65349176393
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/71032
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofPapeis Avulsos de Zoologia
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,417
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,417
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso aberto
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectCaenophidia
dc.subjectClassification
dc.subjectColubridae
dc.subjectColubroidea
dc.subjectDipsadinae
dc.subjectElapoidea
dc.subjectNew genus
dc.subjectPhylogeny
dc.subjectSerpentes
dc.subjectSouth America
dc.subjectSystematics
dc.subjectWest Indies
dc.subjectXenodontinae
dc.subjectAcrochordus
dc.subjectAlsophis elegans
dc.subjectAtractaspididae
dc.subjectColubrinae
dc.subjectElapidae
dc.subjectErythrolamprus
dc.subjectHomalopsinae
dc.subjectHomoroselaps
dc.subjectLiophis
dc.subjectMimophis
dc.subjectNatricinae
dc.subjectPhilodryas
dc.subjectPseudoxyrhophiinae
dc.subjectViperidae
dc.subjectWaglerophis
dc.subjectXenodon
dc.subjectXenoxybelis
dc.titleMolecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American xenodontines: A revised classification and descriptions of new taxaen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.scielo.br/revistas/paz/paboutj.htm
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claropt

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