Phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)

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dc.contributor.authorGrant, Taran
dc.contributor.authorWheeler, Ward C.
dc.contributor.authorFrost, Darrel R.
dc.contributor.authorCaldwell, Janalee P.
dc.contributor.authorGagliardo, Ron
dc.contributor.authorHaddad, Célio F.B. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorKok, Philippe J.R.
dc.contributor.authorMeans, D. Bruce
dc.contributor.authorNoonan, Brice P.
dc.contributor.authorSchargel, Walter E.
dc.contributor.institutionAmerican Museum of Natural History
dc.contributor.institutionColumbia University
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Oklahoma
dc.contributor.institutionThe Dorothy C. Fuqua Conservatory
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionRoyal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
dc.contributor.institutionCoastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy
dc.contributor.institutionBrigham Young University
dc.contributor.institutionThe University of Texas at Arlington
dc.contributor.institutionFlorida State University
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-27T11:22:03Z
dc.date.available2014-05-27T11:22:03Z
dc.date.issued2006-12-01
dc.description.abstractThe known diversity of dart-poison frog species has grown from 70 in the 1960s to 247 at present, with no sign that the discovery of new species will wane in the foreseeable future. Although this growth in knowledge of the diversity of this group has been accompanied by detailed investigations of many aspects of the biology of dendrobatids, their phylogenetic relationships remain poorly understood. This study was designed to test hypotheses of dendrobatid diversification by combining new and prior genotypic and phenotypic evidence in a total evidence analysis. DNA sequences were sampled for five mitochondrial and six nuclear loci (approximately 6,100 base pairs [bp]; x=3,740 bp per terminal; total dataset composed of approximately 1.55 million bp), and 174 phenotypic characters were scored from adult and larval morphology, alkaloid profiles, and behavior. These data were combined with relevant published DNA sequences. Ingroup sampling targeted several previously unsampled species, including Aromobates nocturnus, which was hypothesized previously to be the sister of all other dendrobatids. Undescribed and problematic species were sampled from multiple localities when possible. The final dataset consisted of 414 terminals: 367 ingroup terminals of 156 species and 47 outgroup terminals of 46 species. Direct optimization parsimony analysis of the equally weighted evidence resulted in 25,872 optimal trees. Forty nodes collapse in the strict consensus, with all conflict restricted to conspecific terminals. Dendrobatids were recovered as monophyletic, and their sister group consisted of Crossodactylus, Hylodes, and Megaelosia, recognized herein as Hylodidae. Among outgroup taxa, Centrolenidae was found to be the sister group of all athesphatanurans except Hylidae, Leptodactyidae was polyphyletic, Thoropa was nested within Cycloramphidae, and Ceratophryinae was paraphyletic with respect to Telmatobiinae. Among dendrobatids, the monophyly and content of Mannophryne and Phyllobates were corroborated. Aromobates nocturnus and Colostethus saltuensis were found to be nested within Nephelobates, and Minyobates was paraphyletic and nested within Dendrobates. Colostethus was shown to be rampantly nonmonophyletic, with most species falling into two unrelated cis- and trans-Andean clades. A morphologically and behaviorally diverse clade of median lingual process-possessing species was discovered. In light of these findings and the growth in knowledge of the diversity of this large clade over the past 40 years, we propose a new, monophyletic taxonomy for dendrobatids, recognizing the inclusive clade as a superfamily (Dendrobatoidea) composed of two families (one of which is new), six subfamilies (three new), and 16 genera (four new). Although poisonous frogs did not form a monophyletic group, the three poisonous lineages are all confined to the revised family Dendrobatidae, in keeping with the traditional application of this name. We also propose changes to achieve a monophyletic higher-level taxonomy for the athesphatanuran outgroup taxa. Analysis of character evolution revealed multiple origins of phytotelm-breeding, parental provisioning of nutritive oocytes for larval consumption (larval oophagy), and endotrophy. Available evidence indicates that transport of tadpoles on the dorsum of parent nurse frogs-a dendrobatid synapomorphy-is carried out primitively by male nurse frogs, with three independent origins of female transport and five independent origins of biparental transport. Reproductive amplexus is optimally explained as having been lost in the most recent common ancestor of Dendrobatoidea, with cephalic amplexus arising independently three times. © American Museum of Natural History 2006.en
dc.description.affiliationDivision of Vertebrate Zoology (Herpetology) American Museum of Natural History
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
dc.description.affiliationSam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History Department of Zoology University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73072
dc.description.affiliationCurator of Tropical Collections The Dorothy C. Fuqua Conservatory, Atlanta Botanical Garden, 1345 Piedmont Avenue, Atlanta, GA 30309
dc.description.affiliationDepartamento de Zoologia, I.B. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Caixa Postal 199, 13.506-900 Rio Claro, SP
dc.description.affiliationVertebrates Department (Herpetology) Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels
dc.description.affiliationCoastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy, 1313 Milton Street, Tallahassee, FL 32303
dc.description.affiliationBrigham Young University Department of Integrative Biology, Provo, UT 84602
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biology The University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019
dc.description.affiliationDivision of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural History
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Biological Sciences Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306
dc.description.affiliationUnespDepartamento de Zoologia, I.B. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Caixa Postal 199, 13.506-900 Rio Claro, SP
dc.format.extent1-262
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2
dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/69273
dc.identifier.citationBulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, n. 299, p. 1-262, 2006.
dc.identifier.doi10.1206/0003-0090(2006)299[1:PSODFA]2.0.CO;2
dc.identifier.doihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/69273
dc.identifier.issn0003-0090
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-67650301832
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/69273
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofBulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
dc.relation.ispartofjcr2.938
dc.relation.ispartofsjr1,430
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectAlytes obstetricans
dc.subjectAmphibia
dc.subjectAnura
dc.subjectCentrolenidae
dc.subjectCeratophryinae
dc.subjectColostethus
dc.subjectCrossodactylus
dc.subjectDendrobates
dc.subjectDendrobates auratus
dc.subjectDendrobatidae
dc.subjectHylidae
dc.subjectHylodes
dc.subjectMannophryne
dc.subjectMegaelosia
dc.subjectMinyobates
dc.subjectNephelobates
dc.subjectPhyllobates
dc.subjectTelmatobiinae
dc.subjectThoropa
dc.titlePhylogenetic systematics of dart-poison frogs and their relatives (Amphibia: Athesphatanura: Dendrobatidae)en
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use
unesp.author.lattes0458077399058762[6]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-7044-5764[6]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências, Rio Claropt

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