Tupã - FCE - Faculdade de Ciências e Engenharia

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Energy Assessment from Broiler Chicks’ Vocalization Might Help Improve Welfare and Production
(2023-01-01) Pereira, Erica ; Nääs, Irenilza de Alencar ; Ivale, André Henrique ; Garcia, Rodrigo Garófallo ; Lima, Nilsa Duarte da Silva ; Pereira, Danilo Florentino ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ; Universidade Paulista ; The Federal University of Grande Dourados ; Federal University of Roraima ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Vocalization seems to be a viable source of signal for assessing broiler welfare. However, it may require an understanding of the birds’ signals, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The delivery of calls with a specific set of acoustic features must be understood to assess the broiler’s well-being. The present study aimed to analyze broiler chick vocalization through the sounds emitted during social isolation and understand what would be the flock size where the chicks present the smallest energy loss in vocalizing. The experiments were carried out during the first 3 days of growth, and during the trial, chicks received feed and water ad libitum. A total of 30 1-day-old chicks Cobb® breed were acquired at a commercial hatching unit. The birds were tested from 1 to 3 days old. A semi-anechoic chamber was used to record the vocalization with a unidirectional microphone connected to a digital recorder. We placed a group of 15 randomly chosen chicks inside the chamber and recorded the peeping sound, and the assessment was conducted four times with randomly chosen birds. We recorded the vocalization for 2 min and removed the birds sequentially stepwise until only one bird was left inside the semi-anechoic chamber. Each audio signal recorded during the 40 s was chosen randomly for signal extraction and analysis. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) was used to extract the acoustic features and the energy emitted during the vocalization. Using data mining, we compared three classification models to predict the rearing condition (classes distress and normal). The results show that birds’ vocalization differed when isolated and in a group. Results also indicate that the energy spent in vocalizing varies depending on the size of the flock. When isolated, the chicks emit a high-intensity sound, “alarm call”, which uses high energy. In contrast, they spent less energy when flocked in a group, indicating good well-being when the flock was 15 chicks. The weight of birds influenced the amount of signal energy. We also found that the most effective classifier model was the Random Forest, with an accuracy of 85.71%, kappa of 0.73, and cross-entropy of 0.2.
Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm for Optimizing Monogastric Growth Curve (Pigs and Broilers)
(2022-12-01) Benvenga, Marco Antonio Campos ; Nääs, Irenilza de Alencar ; Lima, Nilsa Duarte da Silva ; Pereira, Danilo Florentino ; Universidade Paulista ; Federal University of Roraima ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Brazil is one of the world’s biggest monogastric producers and exporters (of pig and broiler meat). Farmers need to improve their production planning through the reliability of animal growth forecasts. Predicting pig and broiler growth is optimizing production planning, minimizing the use of resources, and forecasting meat production. The present study aims to apply a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm (SAGAC) to find the best combination of values for the growth curve model parameters for monogastric farm animals (pigs and broilers). We propose a hybrid method to optimize the growth curve model parameters by combining two metaheuristic algorithms Simulated Annealing (SA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), with the inclusion of a function to promote the acceleration of the convergence (GA + AC) of the results. The idea was to improve the coefficient of determination of these models to achieve better production planning and minimized costs. Two datasets with age (day) and average weight (kg) were obtained. We tested three growth curves: Gompertz, Logistic, and von Bertalanffy. After 300 performed assays, experimental data were tabulated and organized, and a descriptive analysis was completed. Results showed that the SAGAC algorithm provided better results than previous estimations, thus improving the predictive data on pig and broiler production consistency. Using SAGAC to optimize the growth parameter models for pigs and broilers led to optimizing the results with the nondeterministic polynomial time (NP-hardness) of the studied functions. All tuning of the growth curves using the proposed SAGAC method for broilers presented R2 above 99%, and the SAGAC for pigs showed R2 above 94% for the growth curve.
The benefits and barriers of geographical indications to producers: A review
(2022-12-10) Cardoso, Vitória Aparecida ; Lourenzani, Ana Elisa Bressan Smith ; Caldas, Marcellus Marques ; Bernardo, Cristiane Hengler Corrêa ; Bernardo, Roberto ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Kansas State University ; Alta Paulista Law School (FADAP/FAP)
Consumers are increasingly demanding information regarding the characteristics of products, their place of origin and methods of production. A Geographical Indication (GI) can be understood as a way to meet these demands, as it protects the origin of the product, as well as its characteristics. In addition to contributing to territorial development, GI signs have the potential to add value to products and help producers to become more competitive. However, some authors argue that there are barriers that can prevent the benefits of GI from reaching producers. Therefore, this article aims to identify the barriers and benefits of GI for producers. To reach this end, a Systematic Literature Review was carried out. As a result, it was observed that among the main benefits offered by the GI are higher prices, access to markets and preservation of cultural identity. Regarding the challenges, it was highlighted the existence of inefficient institutions, organizational problems, power asymmetry and appropriation of value by the most powerful agents of the supply chain. To conclude, this paper shows that the difficulties and benefits of GI to producers are not absolute and vary from region to region. In this sense, further research on the impact of GI, especially in developing countries, is necessary. The results here presented may be used as a base for future research that search to identify the importance of GI for producers and may also contribute to the development of actions or public policies related to GI.
Guest editorial: The UN sustainable development goals and management theory and practice
(2022-11-04) Souza Piao, Roberta ; Scalco, Andrea Rossi ; Vazquez-Brust, Diego ; Plaza-Ubeda, Jose Antonio ; Tavera Cortés, María Elena ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Portsmouth ; University of Almeria ; Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Does Environmental Enrichment with Music and Strobe Light Affect Broilers’ Welfare? Analyzing Their On-Farm Reaction
(2022-09-01) Jacob, Flavia Gerbi ; Nääs, Irenilza de Alencar ; Salgado, Douglas D’Alessandro ; Baracho, Marta dos Santos ; Lima, Nilsa Duarte da Silva ; Pereira, Danilo Florentino ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal University of Roraima
The present study observed whether environmental enrichment (music and strobe light) influenced farm-housed broiler chickens’ behavior. The trial was carried out on a commercial broiler farm from 21 to 35 days of growth. The sound stimulus consisted of playing a classical music track every day for an approximate length of 6 min, played five times a day for six weeks starting from the birds’ first day of age. The light stimuli came from a colored (red and green ground-projected dots) light-emitting diode (LED) strobe projector used after the musical stimulation. The broilers’ reaction was recorded (from day 21 through day 35), and individual bird behaviors were classified into welfare and stress. The birds’ ability to walk was measured using a gait score scale, and the degree of incidence of pododermatitis was verified. Environmental enrichment with light stimulus increased natural behavior in broiler chickens, such as eating, stretching, ground pecking, and flapping wings (p < 0.05). Broiler chickens tended to walk less in the housing with music stimuli (p < 0.05). In general, the environmental stimuli provided the birds with better walking ability but increased the incidence of pododermatitis (p < 0.01). We observed that the light stimulus left the birds more active; they foraged more and lay less when compared to the birds submitted to musical stimuli and the control. However, we also observed an increase in the frequency of stress-indicating behaviors in the environment under light stimulation. It is unclear whether broilers liked the tested stimuli of music and light in the scenarios studied. The enrichment with light or music apparently increased flock stress in 21- and 28-day-old broilers, with some benefit being observed only in 35-day-old broilers.
Biomimetic Electrochemical Sensors Based on Core-Shell Imprinted Polymers for Targeted Sunset Yellow Estimation in Environmental Samples
(2023-04-01) Malik, Sumeet ; Khan, Adnan ; Khan, Hamayun ; Rahman, Gul ; Ali, Nauman ; Khan, Sabir ; Sotomayor, Maria Del Pilar Taboada ; University of Peshawar ; Islamia College Peshawar ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid ; National University of Engineering
Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) contain the predesigned specialized recognition capability that can be chosen to build credible functional materials, that are easy to handle and have a good degree of specificity. Hence, the given piece of work is intended to design a novel electrochemical sensor incorporating magnetite-based molecularly imprinted polymers. The building materials consisted of a cross-linker (EGDMA), reaction-initiator (AIBN), monomer (methylene succinic acid-MSA), and template molecule (Sunset Yellow-SY dye). MMIPs exhibited a diameter of 57 nm with an irregular shape due to the presence of cavities based on SEM analysis. XRD patterns exhibited crystallinity, as well as amorphous peaks that are attributed to polymeric and non-polymeric frameworks of MMIPs. The crystallite size of the MMIPs from XRD analysis was found to be 16.28 nm based on the Debye-Scherrer’s equation. Meanwhile, the FTIR bands showed the synthesis of MMIPs using monomer and methylene succinic acid. The sorption data at the optimized operating conditions (pH 2, sorbent dosage 3 mg, time 18 min) showed the highest sorption capacity of 40 mg/g. The obtained data best fitted to the Langmuir sorption isotherm and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. The magneto-sensors were applied for ultrasensitive, rapid, and simple sensing of SY dye. The electrochemical experiments were run at the operating condition range of (scan rate 10–50 mV/s, tads 0–120 s, pH 5–9, potential range 1–1.5 V for CV and 1–1.3 V for SWAdASV). The linear range of detection was set to 1.51 × 10−6 M to 1.51 × 10−6 M posing LOD and LOQ values of 8.6242 × 10−5 M and 0.0002874 M, respectively. The regression analysis value for the calibration was found to be 0.950. Additionally, high adsorption efficiency, selectivity, reusability, and strong structural stability of the magneto-sensors showed potential use for SY detection in real samples. These characteristics make MMIPs a viable electrochemical substrate for the detection of chemical contaminants in the environment and in health-related products.
Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for the Monitoring of Amoxicillin in Real Samples Using the Chromatographic Method
(2023-04-01) López, Rosario ; Khan, Sabir ; Torres, Sergio Espinoza ; Wong, Ademar ; Sotomayor, Maria D. P. T. ; Picasso, Gino ; National University of Engineering ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid ; Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM)
Amoxicillin (AMX) is an antibiotic frequently used for the treatment of bacterial disorders and respiratory problems in both humans and animals. This work aims to synthesize a molecularly imprinted superparamagnetic polymer (SP-MIP) with a core-shell structure for the selective detection of AMX in real samples. Magnetite superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SNP) were prepared by the polyol method, coated with silica, and functionalized with silane groups. The polymerization process was executed using the free-radical precipitation method. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to evaluate the thermal stability of the synthesized materials. The results obtained from N2 adsorption and desorption analyses showed that the surface area of SP-MIP (19.8 m2/g) was higher than that of the non-molecularly imprinted superparamagnetic polymer (SP-NIP—9.24 m2/g). The optimized adsorption analysis showed that both SP-MIP and SP-NIP followed SIP-type behavior, with adsorption constant KS 0.01176, 1/n 1.73. The selectivity tests showed that SP-MIP is highly selective for AMX in the presence of other molecules. Finally, for the recovery analysis, the application of SP-MIP for determining AMX in samples of tap water, river water, and drugs using HPLC yielded a mean recovery value of 94.3%.
Biomimetic Material for Quantification of Methotrexate Using Sensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polypyrrole Film and MWCNT/GCE
(2023-03-01) Jara-Cornejo, Eduardo ; Khan, Sabir ; Vega-Chacón, Jaime ; Wong, Ademar ; da Silva Neres, Lariel Chagas ; Picasso, Gino ; Sotomayor, Maria D. P. T. ; National University of Engineering ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal Rural University of the Semi−Arid ; Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactive Agents (INCT−DATREM)
This study investigates biomimetic sensors for the detection of methotrexate contaminants in environmental samples. Sensors inspired by biological systems are the focus of this biomimetic strategy. Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that is widely used for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Due to the widespread use of methotrexate and its rampant disposal into the environment, the residues of this drug are regarded as an emerging contaminant of huge concern, considering that exposure to the contaminant has been found to lead to the inhibition of some essential metabolic processes, posing serious risks to humans and other living beings. In this context, this work aims to quantify methotrexate through the application of a highly efficient biomimetic electrochemical sensor constructed using polypyrrole−based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrodeposited by cyclic voltammetry on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with multi−walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The electrodeposited polymeric films were characterized by infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The analyses conducted using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) yielded a detection limit of 2.7 × 10−9 mol L−1 for methotrexate, a linear range of 0.01–125 μmol L−1, and a sensitivity of 0.152 μA L mol−1. The results obtained from the analysis of the selectivity of the proposed sensor through the incorporation of interferents in the standard solution pointed to an electrochemical signal decay of only 15.4%. The findings of this study show that the proposed sensor is highly promising and suitable for use in the quantification of methotrexate in environmental samples.
Symbiotic readiness: Factors that interfere with the industrial symbiosis implementation
(2023-02-10) Agudo, Fabiana Liar ; Bezerra, Bárbara Stolte ; Gobbo Júnior, José Alcides ; Av. dos Universitário ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
In a context of raw material scarcity and environmental concerns, the Industrial Symbiosis (IS) emerges as a strategy that collaborates to increase the resources circularity and sustainability. Despite its relevance, companies still have difficulties to assess whether they have conditions to implement IS. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to identify factors that interfere with the readiness of co-located companies to implement IS. To achieve this objective, theoretical, empirical and statistical research procedures were employed. As a theoretical procedure, a Symbiotic Readiness Assessment Instrument (SRAI), previously developed, was adapted. For the empirical procedure, a survey with 201 co-located companies in industrial parks was applied using the SRAI adapted. For the statistical procedure, a factor analysis was carried out to obtain the main factors that interfere with the IS implementation. As a result, five factors were identified. In view of this, to assess symbiotic readiness, companies must analyze: the availability of water and energy resources; the possibility of exchanging material resources such as waste and by-products; the accessibility of data, such as production information from others companies; the possibility of sharing information and bonds of trust between co-located industries; and access conditions, infrastructure and partnership for the symbiosis realization.
FREQUENCIES OF APPLICATION AND DILUTION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTION IN HYDROPONIC CULTIVATION OF ARUGULA
(2022-09-30) Santos, Jenyffer Da Silva Gomes ; Da Silva, Alexsandro Oliveira ; De Larcerda, Claudivan Feitosa ; Costa, Raimundo Nonato Távora ; Da Silva, Geronimo Ferreira ; Putti, Fernando Ferrari ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ; Universidade Federal do Ceará ; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Fertilizer formulation, such as irrigation frequency, is fundamental for the success of cultivation, since the absorption of nutrients from the nutrient solution is a selective and dynamic process. Thus, the present experiment was conducted to evaluate the production of arugula in hydroponic cultivation subjected to different dilutions and frequencies of application of the nutrient solution. The experiments were carried out in a randomized block design with four replicates. A split-plot in a 5 x 2 factorial arrangement was used, which consisted of five dilutions based on the electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution (ECsol: 2.00 (control), 1.81, 1.62, 1.40, and 1.30 dS m-1) and two application frequencies (variable and fixed), totaling 40 experimental plots. Yield and growth variables, relative chlorophyll index and macronutrients were analyzed. Regarding shoot fresh mass, there was an increase with the ECsol, reaching a maximum of 15.52 and 8.40 g plant-1, with nutrient solutions of 1.77 dS m-1 (first cycle) and 1.88 dS m-1 (second cycle). Using only 90% of the recommended nutrient solution is the most appropriate from the commercial point of view, as it led to maximum potential in relation to yield, using a smaller number of inputs.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION SCIENCE: identifying data
(2023-01-01) Sant’Ana, Ricardo César Gonçalves ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This article presents study made about the adherence of researches made in Computer Science, specially in master's dissertations, with concepts related to Information and Communication Technologies. This is an exploratory research that sought to use resources of frequency analysis and term dispersion, and of similarity between them, in order to identify traces of this adherence and to present alternatives of visualization of the data obtained by the analysis. It is concluded that the utilization of analysis and visualization resources not only allow to explicit the adherence of Information Science to terms related to Information and Communication Technologies but also allow to identify internal configurations of the research production such as characterization of line of research. It is hoped that this research will motivate the development of future papers that allow not only the uncovering of the area for its own researchers but also to the areas the Information Science has the potential of interaction.
Visualization Tools for Monitoring and Debugging a Cognitive Architecture using CST
(2022-01-01) Marques, Aúreo ; Coletta, Luiz ; Silva, Anderson ; Paraense, André ; Berto, Letícia ; Costa, Paula ; Colombini, Esther ; Simões, Alexandre ; Gudwin, Ricardo ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
In this work we address the use of visualization tools for developing intelligent agents built with Cognitive Architectures (CAs). Unfortunately, there are just a few discussions about this issue in the CAs literature. We start by bringing a summary on how this topic is currently being addressed within the community and further introduce our efforts in building visualization tools for both debugging and aiding the understanding of the inner mechanisms of a CA. For this, we propose the MindViewer, a visualization tool for monitoring and debugging CAs constructed with CST, the Cognitive Systems Toolkit. MindViewer encompasses a variety of charts that are used to monitor the inner details of the agents' mind. Its Web version allows inspect even complex data structures and customize their generated graphics. We exemplify their capabilities through a experimental application based on a robot simulation inspired in Iowa Gambling Task.
Chitosan and HPMCAS double-coating as protective systems for alginate microparticles loaded with Ctx(Ile21)-Ha antimicrobial peptide to prevent intestinal infections
(2023-02-01) Roque-Borda, Cesar Augusto ; Saraiva, Mauro de Mesquita Souza ; Macedo Junior, Wagner Dias ; Márquez Montesinos, José Carlos Estanislao ; Meneguin, Andréia Bagliotti ; Toledo Borges, Anna Beatriz ; Crusca Junior, Edson ; Garrido, Saulo Santesso ; de Almeida, Adriana Maria ; Marchetto, Reinaldo ; Chorilli, Marlus ; Berchieri Junior, Angelo ; Teixeira, Silvio Rainho ; Pavan, Fernando Rogério ; Vicente, Eduardo Festozo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidad de Talca
The incorrect use of conventional drugs for both prevention and control of intestinal infections has contributed to a significant spread of bacterial resistance. In this way, studies that promote their replacement are a priority. In the last decade, the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMP), especially Ctx(Ile21)-Ha AMP, has gained strength, demonstrating efficient antimicrobial activity (AA) against pathogens, including multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, gastrointestinal degradation does not allow its direct oral application. In this research, double-coating systems using alginate microparticles loaded with Ctx(Ile21)-Ha peptide were designed, and in vitro release assays simulating the gastrointestinal tract were evaluated. Also, the AA against Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli was examined. The results showed the physicochemical stability of Ctx(Ile21)-Ha peptide in the system and its potent antimicrobial activity. In addition, the combination of HPMCAS and chitosan as a gastric protection system can be promising for peptide carriers or other low pH-sensitive molecules, adequately released in the intestine. In conclusion, the coated systems employed in this study can improve the formulation of new foods or biopharmaceutical products for specific application against intestinal pathogens in animal production or, possibly, in the near future, in human health.
Non-destructive assessment of hens' eggs quality using image analysis and machine learning
(2023-08-01) de Oliveira-Boreli, Fernanda Paes ; Pereira, Danilo Florentino ; Gonçalves, Juliana Alencar ; da Silva, Vinícius Zanetti ; Nääs, Irenilza de Alencar ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Paulista (UNIP)
Eggs are an essential source of inexpensive protein. Due to their oval shape, eggs can be efficiently handled, transported, and packed. The geometric description of the egg shape has been used as another parameter to evaluate the quality. Egg quality traits are related to several variables, such as the rearing environment, nutrition, breed, and age of the hen. We hypothesize that the shape index is associated with egg quality traits and that its isolated analysis can be used in the egg classification process. Given the complexity of variables affecting egg quality traits, we believe that knowing how the internal and eggshell quality relates to its shape may favor the classification process. Our study analyzed the associations between egg shape (using Shape Index, SI) and quality traits. We tested several machine-learning models to establish a relationship between shape and egg quality traits. From the images of 6,378 eggs, we found rounder eggs (SI ≥ 76) to have internal and eggshell quality higher than more elongated eggs (SI < 72). The best fit model was the Random Forest, with an accuracy of 97.9%. Assessing egg quality using a non-destructive method based on image analysis of egg shape can improve the grading process of commercial eggs in the processing industry.
Physiological Roles of Nickel on Antioxidant and Nitrogen Metabolism Increasing the Yield of Sugarcane Plants
(2022-12-01) Rampazzo, Mateus Vendramini ; Cunha, Matheus Luís Oliveira ; de Oliveira, Lara Caroline Alves ; Silva, Vinícius Martins ; Lanza, Maria Gabriela Dantas Bereta ; de Melo, Andressa Aparecida Rodrigues ; dos Reis, André Rodrigues ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is one of the main sources of sugar, energy renewable, and ethanol worldwide. Nitrogen (N) plays a plethora of structural and functional roles on sugarcane growth and development. Nickel (Ni) is a cofactor of urease enzyme, acting in N metabolism and antioxidant system in plants, potentially leading to enhanced use of absorbed N. This study aimed to evaluate Ni application on N metabolism, antioxidant system, and yield of two sugarcane cultivars (RB86 7515 RB96 6928). The experiment was composed by six Ni application rates (0; 0.25; 0.5; 1; 3; 9 mg kg−1) and two sugarcane cultivars. Application of Ni via soil increased photosynthetic pigments concentration, urease, and nitrate reductase activity, leading to an enhanced N metabolism in sugarcane plants. Fertilization with Ni also improved antioxidant system by increasing superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase activity alleviating the stress caused by reactive oxygen species. The increased photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant systems led to a higher concentration of free amino acids and total sugars. The enhanced N metabolism and increased sugar accumulation were followed by an increase in leaf, root, stems dry weights, and tiller number. The application rate of 0.5 mg Ni kg−1 led to a higher yield in sugarcane cultivars. This study presents fundamental new insights regarding Ni effect on N metabolism and sugar concentration that can be helpful to increase the crop tolerance to abiotic stress, and this could potentially lead to increase sugarcane yield under field conditions.
Anti-loss practices in the post-harvest phase in a vegetable supply chain
(2022-08-01) Marangoni, Suzana Márcia ; Filho, Téucle Mannarelli ; Bustos Mac-Lean, Priscilla Ayleen ; Satolo, Eduardo Guilherme ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Due to their highly perishable characteristics, vegetables have the highest levels of losses in the post-harvest phase. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development defines SDG 12, which seeks to ensure sustainable production and consumption patterns, and to reduce by half the per capita food waste in the world, in addition to reducing food losses throughout the entire production chain and supplies. Improving the production chain for these products plays an important role in health, food safety and the fight against hunger. In this sense, this study aims to investigate anti-loss practices in the post-harvest phase in a vegetable supply chain in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, given the importance of family farming in Brazil and the urgency to reduce food losses. The methodology used was qualitative research, with literature and document review, using the single case study method, carried out with a family farmer, and a questionnaire to collect primary data on the subject. Among the results obtained, it was found that the anti-loss actions carried out in the chain come from the main member (producer), who constantly requests greater attention regarding the way in which the products are presented to the consumer, harvesting as close as possible to the time of delivery to the markets, and collaboration with partners regarding the delivery of quantities according to what is absorbed by the market, avoiding losses in cold chambers.
System for assessing broilers thermal comfort
(2021-12-01) Júnior, Arilson José de Oliveira ; Sousa, Guilherme dos Santos ; Pai, Enzo Dal ; de Almeida, Osvaldo Cesar Pinheiro ; Neto, Mario Mollo ; Simões, Rafael Plana ; de Souza, Silvia Regina Lucas ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Technology School (FATEC)
One of the ways to optimize animal production environments is through the understanding of the bioclimatic factors that are harmful to the animals. Among the techniques currently applied for measuring and analyzing bioclimatic factors, the vast majority demand that the producers and researchers have high level of technical skills, those techniques (e.g. using maps of spatial variability) hinder the rapid evaluation of certain environments. It is important to note that there is currently no software and hardware tool that allows for an on-site bioclimatic analysis, for example using an Android or iOS app. Thus, the present study was conducted with the objective of developing a system capable of collecting air temperature measurements (Ta), black globe temperature (Tg) and relative humidity (RH), to interact with Aurora mobile app, enabling the on-site development of maps with spatial variability of the air temperature and indices of thermal broilers comfort, using data interpolation. The system was developed through the creation of six transmitters and one receiver. The results obtained indicate that the system operated correctly and allows on-site analysis of thermal animal comfort. During the validation period a total of 48 maps were developed, considering the periods of morning and afternoon, and using the Ta, BGHI and THI measurements. The maps allowed the on-site identification of regions with conditions of comfort, discomfort and thermal stress (both by heat and cold). According to the maps of thermal comfort indices, the afternoon period presented conditions that were often heat stress. The maps of air temperature and thermal comfort indices allow the producers and researchers to have, at hand, a highly portable tool for evaluating the broilers welfare.
NEURO-FUZZY MODELING AS SUPPORT FOR DECISION-MAKING IN THE PRODUCTION OF IRRIGATED CORIANDER UNDER MULCH IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION
(Soc Brasil Engenharia Agricola, 2023-01-01) Filho, Luis R. A. Gabriel ; Rodrigueiro, Golbery R. O. ; Silva, Alexsandro O. da ; Almeida, Antonio V. R. de ; Cremasco, Camila P. ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Univ Fed Ceara
Reducing water consumption by crops in semi-arid regions is an important factor for the sustainability of agriculture in these locations. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate the neuro-fuzzy inference method as a support for decision-making in irrigated coriander cultivation. The experiment was performed in two cultivation cycles in Pentecoste-CE, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks arranged in a split-plot design with five primary treatments, consisting of irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the localized evapotranspiration, ETcloc), and five secondary treatments, consisting of different levels of bagana mulch (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, equivalent to 16 t ha-1). Neuro-fuzzy models with two input variables and eight output biometric variables were developed to evaluate growth (plant height, number of roots, and root length) and yield variables (productivity and shoot and root fresh and dry mass). In the first cycle, the best results occurred close to 55% ETcloc and between 40 and 50% of mulch; in the second cycle, water consumption returned results between 50 and 80% ETcloc. The fuzzy and multiple regression models showed MAE, MSE, and RMSE errors of 9, 22, and 10% lower, respectively. The neuro-fuzzy model might be a viable option for decision-making in irrigated crops, being able to optimize the use of natural resources and available water in semi-arid regions. The use of 55% of irrigation depth and a range of 40 to 50% of mulch can be a strategy for a higher water use efficiency.
In vivo elicitation is efficient in increasing essential oil yield with high anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene content in Varronia curassavica Jacq.
(Inst Investigaciones Agropecuarias - Inia, 2023-06-01) Melo, Elisa Ramos ; Fabri, Eliane Gomes ; Magalhaes, Helida Mara ; Gorni, Pedro Henrique ; Pacheco, Ana Claudia ; Univ Oeste Paulista UNOESTE ; Inst Agron Campinas IAC ; Univ Paranaense UNIPAR ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Essential oils in plants are produced in very low concentrations and elicitation stands out among the techniques used to increase their productivity. This work evaluated the potential elicitor of salicylic acid (SA) or seaweed extract (SE) on the biomass yield, physiological parameters and essential oil production in Varronia curassavica Jacq. plants. The elicitors were applied through foliar spray in four serial applications (21, 34, 53 and 70 d after transplanting the seedlings to the pots - DAT), in concentrations of 1 mM (SA) and 5 mL L-1 (SE). The control plants were sprayed with water. Biometric measurements of plant height and number of branches were performed after 2, 3 and 4 elicitor applications. Plants were harvested at 91 DAT and biometric, biochemical and phytochemical parameters were evaluated. Application of SA resulted in increases in number of leaves (11.68%) and foliar concentrations of chlorophylls (57.67%), anthocyanins (73.80%), carotenoids (42.58%), total soluble sugars (19.48%) and essential oil (18%). The plants treated with SE had no changes in leaf biomass or essential oil production. The SA treatment increased by twice the amount of a-humulene and (E)-caryophyllene present in the essential oil while for SE treatment there was an average increase of 78.6%. It was concluded that the elicitation of V. curassavica plants by SA foliar pulverization is an efficient strategy for promoting the higher productivity of leaves and essential oil. Foliar pulverization of SA or SE modifies essential oil quality, inducing increases in the compounds of greatest interest for the pharmaceutical industry.
Ethnoeducation and differentiated basic education for indigenous peoples and quilombola communities in Brazil: a challenge for the promotion of ethnodevelopment
(Univ Federal Santa Maria, 2022-01-01) Moraes, Nelson Russo de ; Souza, Fernando da Cruz ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The dialogue in the field of education is undoubtedly one of the most heated in the academic and scientific world, given its interdisciplinary and increasingly complex perspectives, especially given its inclusion challenges even in societies with great cultural diversity. The production and reproduction of knowledge within the historical, anthropological realities and resulting from the rights and public policies aimed at indigenous peoples (original peoples of Brazil) and quilombolas (traditional brazilian communities) is a challenging field for the academy, especially when considering at its core that there will always be social education and school education. This communication produces articulation between three sets of research on ethnoeducation as a subsidy for differentiated school education for indigenous and quilombolas, carried out in two public universities (UNESP and UFT) under the articulation of the research group GEDGS (Group of Studies in Democracy and Management Social), between 2015 and 2021. The first set brings complementary research funded by UNESP and CNPq on the investment of international social organizations in educational projects in traditional Amazonian communities; the second set articulates the results of two researches on public policies for indigenous education and, finally, a last research brings an important perception about orality (including intergenerational) as a vehicle for the production of school knowledge. The research, whose complete documents have already been published, converge to substantial aspects of the quality of differentiated education for indigenous people and quilombolas, which permeates ethnoeducation, in turn based on the concept of ethnodevelopment.

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