Araçatuba - FOA - Faculdade de Odontologia

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://hdl.handle.net/11449/253791

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Biocompatibility of plant extracts
(2020-05-07) Cury, Marina Tolomei Sandoval ; Nunes, Gabriel Pereira ; Vasques, Ana Maria Veiga ; de Almeida, Juliano Milanezi ; Matheus, Henrique Rinaldi ; dos Reis-Prado, Alexandre Henrique ; Dezan Junior, Eloi ; Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Inflammation is an inner response of a host to an external agent, encompassing complex mediators and events. The use of antiinflammatory substances is applicable for the treatment of some conditions. The anti-inflammatory property of phytotherapics turns them into therapeutic option to conventional medicine and stimulates studies for use in humans. Herbals are widely used in popular medicine in many countries. However, the effectiveness of many of them remains poorly accessed. So, experimental researches aiming to investigate their pharmaceutical properties are essential to determine these paths and compatibility. This chapter will embrace experiments assessing the biocompatibility of extracts through cell culture, edema induction, subcutaneous tests and associations made with different extracts aiming to enhance the effectiveness of some compounds already used in daily practice. In addition, several promising plant extracts with scientifically proved results will be described.
Empirical use of plant extracts: Herbal care in medicine and dentistry
(2020-05-07) Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The use of herbs, herbs extracts and medicinal plants incorporated in traditional medicine has a long and ancient history going back centuries in medicine and dental practice around the world to prevent, control or recover health against several diseases. Plants are considered mankind's first medicine, which were used mainly as antiseptics, analgesics, antiinflammatory or with antimicrobial purpose. According to the World Health Organization, near 80% of the populations of developing countries still use medicinal plants as a therapeutic resource. Over the years, many plants scientifically demonstrated biological and antimicrobial properties due to the interactions with specific chemical receptors within the body, becoming promising therapeutic agents. Thus, this chapter introduces historic findings of the use of plant extracts in archaic medicine and dentistry, initially used as medicaments for body and, consequently, oral disease. An initial historic overview will link, along this book, the millennial empirical use of plants and its extracts to actual researches and findings concerning the use of plants extracts in dentistry.
Phytotherapy in cariology and restorative dentistry
(2020-05-07) de Souza Batista, Victor Eduardo ; Catelan, Anderson ; Vechiato-Filho, Aljomar José ; Martins, Christine Men ; Vasques, Ana Maria Veiga ; Cury, Marina Tolomei Sandoval ; Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; University of Western São Paulo - UNOESTE ; Institute of Cancer of São Paulo São Paulo (ICESP) ; University of Western Sao Paulo (UNOESTE) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The use of plant extract for health treatment has been reported over the years. The treatment of diseases that affect the oral cavity is not different, specifically for dental caries treatment. The American Academy of Cariology (AAC) defines the cariology as the science and art of understanding the etiology, mechanisms of the disease known as dental caries including initiation, reversal, progression, diagnosis, prognosis, risk management, prevention, non-surgical and surgical therapies, and oral health-focused outcomes. The use of herbal therapy is proposed in different stages of the mechanism of the dental caries disease, mainly in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment outcomes. This chapter will show the application of herbal therapy in the diagnosis and prevention as well as its application of herbal therapy regarding the treatment of the dental caries disease by restorative dentistry.
Phytotherapy in endodontics
(2020-05-07) Benetti, Francine ; dos Reis-Prado, Alexandre Henrique ; Nunes, Gabriel Pereira ; Cosme-Silva, Leopoldo ; Cintra, Luciano Tavares Angel ; Dezan Junior, Eloi ; Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL)
Studies of the herbal therapies applicability in dentistry field increase prevention and treatment of several diseases. The natural products show anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. According to the World Health Organization, phytotherapy is the use of herbal substances with therapeutic values, involving minimal or no industrial processing. Some endodontic materials may cause defects on the dentin and/or being an irritant to the tissues, besides of limited antimicrobial effectiveness. The herbal alternatives can prevent adverse effects of synthetic drugs as toxicity and microbial resistance. In addition, herbal products include cost-effectiveness, increase quality of life, nutritional values, easy availability and increased service life. This chapter will present studies of the several herbal alternatives with different potential in endodontic applications: irrigating solutions, intracanal medication, addition in endodontic sealer and for repair materials, and other applications.
Phytotherapy in periodontics
(2020-05-07) Vasques, Ana Maria Veiga ; Matheus, Henrique Rinaldi ; Gusman, David Jonathan Rodrigues ; Cury, Marina Tolomei Sandoval ; dos Reis-Prado, Alexandre Henrique ; Quintino Trizzi, Juliana ; Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE) ; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Periodontal diseases continue to be the most commonly occurring oral diseases in modern times. Plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis are caused by the penetration of pathogens from the bacterial plaque into the connective tissue, resulting in an inflammatory condition. Gingivitis affects the connective tissue of the gingiva, while periodontitis affects the entire periodontal apparatus. Many adjuvant therapeutic modalities have been tested for the treatment of these conditions. Among them, herbal therapies have shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. These phytotherapic are incorporated into mouth rinses, dentifrices, chewing gums, adhesives, and gels in order to prevent and even treat gingivitis. With respect to periodontitis, gels, chips and extracts containing herbs have provided many benefits when used as adjuvants to scaling and root planning. In addition, its benefits are also observed in wound healing following periodontal surgery. Hence, this chapter will present aspects of phytotherapy in periodontics.
Other applications of plant extracts in dentistry
(2020-05-07) Martins, Christine Men ; Quintino Trizzi, Juliana ; de Souza Batista, Victor Eduardo ; Piazza, Bruno ; Matheus, Henrique Rinaldi ; Dezan Junior, Eloi ; Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; University of Western Sao Paulo (UNOESTE) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Western São Paulo (UNOESTE)
Alternative treatments or coadjutants should be studied and proposed, especially considering the global trend and boosting the world health organization towards natural substances and medicinal plants, regarding their advantages as a function of its diversity, flexibility, accessibility, availability and wide acceptance. In this context, current researches have evaluated the effectiveness of natural substances, medicinal plants, phytoterapy and homeopathics: (1) as storage media for avulsed teeth or root surface treatment before teeth replantation; (2) as coadjutant to improve osteointegration and reduce peri-implantitis in dental implants; (3) as an alternative for anesthetic agents; (4) within treatment for bone remodeling during orthodontic movement or rapid maxillary expansion; (5) as hemostatic agents; and (6) as dental plaque disclosing agents. This chapter will discuss several studies regarding to all these related topics.
Antimicrobial properties of plant extracts
(2020-05-07) Cosme-Silva, Leopoldo ; Dal-Fabbro, Renan ; Duarte Khoury, Rayana ; Benetti, Francine ; Quintino Trizzi, Juliana ; Dezan Junior, Eloi ; Emerenciano Bueno, Carlos Roberto ; Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Oral diseases are a major health problem, with periodontal and caries among the most important infectious disease, which influence quality of life. The relationship between oral disease and oral microbiota is well stablished in literature, since more than 750 species are found in oral cavity. Regardless the number of new antibiotics introduced in the market in the last years by pharmacological industry, resistance that pathogenic microorganisms develop against antibiotics has increased. Due to side effects and drug resistance, researches around the globe have been looking for new antimicrobial agents or antimicrobial enhancers, such as those from herbal sources. Medicinal plants and byproducts are constantly indicated and used throughout the world in several areas of medicine and dentistry to induce favorable responses and to treat different diseases. Also, plants naturally produce secondary metabolites that can be used as antimicrobials. There are several ways of producing herbal extracts and retrieve the active compound, as well as different tests to be performed in order to assess the antimicrobial potential. This chapter will briefly discuss the main techniques used and highlight the main properties of some compounds present in plants such as Myracrodruon urundeuva, Curcumin, Green tea, Lemon grass, Chamomile, Aloe Vera, Cinnamon, Psidium, Citrus and Capsicum. Due to the huge variety of plants in the literature, it is impracticable to describe all extracts with antibacterial properties. Therefore, this chapter mentions some of the extracts with such properties, which may serve as an introduction to new research and new researchers.
Silver and phosphate nanoparticles: Antimicrobial approach and caries prevention application
(2019-01-01) Barbosa, Debora Barros ; Monteiro, Douglas Roberto ; Takamyia, Aline Satie ; De Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues ; Hunt, Alessandra Marçal Agostinho ; Delbem, Alberto Carlos Botazzo ; Pessan, Juliano Pelim ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) ; Montana State University
This chapter is focused on silver colloidal nanoparticles as antimicrobial and organic nanoparticles, which have been tested for the enamel remineralization process and prevention of microbial adhesion on dental surface. Due to their very small size, 100 nm or smaller, nanoparticles show a large surface area and therefore larger area for oxidation. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of nanotechnology in dentistry as well as the future perspective of the nanodentistry is also presented.
Analysis of the effects of thermal cycling on the microtensile shear bond strength of a self-etching and a conventional pit and fissure sealants to dental enamel
(2013-01-01) Neto, Daniel Sundfeld ; Sobrinho, Lourenço Correr ; Gonçalves, Luciano S. ; Rahal, Vanessa ; Machado, Lucas Silveira ; De Oliveira, Fernanda Garcia ; Valentino, Thiago A. ; Sundfeld, Renato Herman ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Objective: To analyze the effects of thermal cycling on the microtensile shear bond strength of a self-etching and a conventional pit and fissure sealants to dental enamel. Material and Method: Twenty-four healthy human molars extracted for orthodontic reasons, were sectioned in the mesio-distal direction and divided into two groups (n=24) according to the sealant to be applied: GI - conventional sealant Climpro (3M/ESPE) and GII - self-etching sealant Enamel Loc (Premier Dental). The sealants were applied on flattened enamel in matrixes 1 mm in diameter, in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. After this, half the samples of both groups were submitted to 500 thermal cycles in 30s baths at temperatures between 5 and 55°C. Forty-eight hours after the samples were made, the microtensile shear test was performed in an Instron 4411 test machine, with a stainless steel wire with a cylindrical cross section of 0.2mm in diameter at a constant speed of 0.5mm/s. The bond strength values were submitted to ANOVA for 2 factors and the fracture patterns were examined under an optical microscope at 65X magnification. Results: Thermal cycling did not influence the bond strength of the two sealants. The conventional sealant Climpro presented a statistically higher microtensile shear bond strength (11.72MPa, 11.34MPa with and without cycling, respectively) than the self-etching sealant Enamel Loc (5.92MPa, 5.02MPa with and without cycling, respectively). Fracture pattern analysis showed the occurrence of 100% of adhesive failures for Enamel Loc, while the conventional sealant Climpro presented 95% of adhesive failures and 5% of mixed failures. Conclusion: The conventional sealant presented higher microtensile shear bond strength to dental enamel in comparison with the self-etching sealant. Thermal cycling did not affect the bond strength of the sealants used in this study.
Effect of thermocycling on the color stability of different shades of composite resins
(2015-04-01) Okida, Ricardo Coelho ; da Silveira Okida, Daniela Secches ; de Oliveira, Gustavo Barbosa ; Machado, Lucas Silveira ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on color alterations of three different composite resins. The factors in study were Enamel Composite Resin at three levels (Esthetic X, Opallis e Venus); Dentine Composite Resin at three levels (Esthetic X, Opallis e Vênus) and thermocycling at one level (3000 cycles). The response variable was of color altering measured through spectophotometry. For that matter, 60 specimens were made, divided in six groups for study: GI - Esthetic X (Enamel); GII -Esthetic X (Dentine); GIII - Opallis (Enamel); GIV - Opallis (Dentine); GV - Venus (Enamel); GVI - Venus (Dentine). All the specimens were made using a mold in order to standardize the sample size. The inserts of the composites were made by increments and cured through a halogenous light Ultralux device (Dabi Atlante, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil) with potency of 450mW/cm2. After the confection, all specimens were subjected to chromatic analysis on a Visible Ultraviolet Reflection Spectrophotometer, model UV-2450 (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), with color alterations calculated through the CIE Lab system. Next, they were stored in isolated containers filled with artificial saliva at 35°C ± 2°C, during three months. Then, they were subjected to thermocycling effects of 3000 cycles of thermal variation of 5°C to 55°C. Right after, the specimens were subjected once more to chromatic analysis. An ANOVA statistical test at 5% was applied for analysis of the results for both factors of the color alterations of the tested composite resins. The results showed a statistical equality between the enamel composite resins Esthetic X and Venus (p = 0,79); the same wasn't observed between Esthetic X and Opallis enamel composite resins, where color alterations were statistically higher for the Opallis composite (p = 0,0000002). The same ocurred between Opallis and Venus enamel composite resins, where again Opallis showed a higher statistical average of color alteraion (p = 0,0000005). As for the dentine composite resins, all three composite resins showed a statistical equality. It is concluded that all of the studied composite resins suffered color alterations and the Opallis enamel composite resin suffered most color alterations after thermocycling.
Needle fracture during local anesthesia: How to proceed?
(2015-04-01) Ferreira, Bruna Barcelos ; Jorge Boos, Fernanda Brasil Daura ; Stabile, Glaykon Alex Vitti ; Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Fractures of gingival needles were relatively frequent in 60s, a period prior to the replacement of reusable needles and rigid by current disposable and flexible. These accidents are more prevalent during inferior alveolar nerve block in children. The conduct to be established will depend on several factors, including the patient's symptoms, position of the foreign body awkward and psychological aspects. The objective of this paper is to present the report of two clinical cases in which they were employed different forms of treatment and, through these, to guide the professional about how to proceed in this accident.
Micromechanics of dentin /adhesive interface in function of dentin depth: 3D finite element analysis
(2013-01-01) Anchieta, Rodolfo Bruniera ; Rocha, Eduardo Passos ; Sundfeld, Renato Herman ; Junior, Manoel Martin ; Giannini, Marcelo ; Reis, André Figueiredo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Uningá University ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the stress distribution on dentin/adhesive interface (d/a) through a 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) varying the number and diameter of the dentin tubules orifice according to dentin depth, keeping hybrid layer (HL) thickness and TAG's length constant. Materials and Methods: 3 models were built through the SolidWorks software: SD - specimen simulating superficial dentin (41 x 41 x 82 μm), with a 3 μm thick HL, a 17 μm length Tag, and 8 tubules with a 0.9 μm diameter restored with composite resin. MD - similar to M1 with 12 tubules with a 1.2 μm diameter, simulating medium dentin. DD - similar to M1 with 16 tubules with a 2.5 μm diameter, simulating deep dentin. Other two models were built in order to keep the diameter constant in 2.5 μm: MS - similar to SD with 8 tubules; and MM - similar to MD with 12 tubules. The boundary condition was applied to the base surface of each specimen. Tensile load (0.03N) was performed on the composite resin top surface. Stress field (maximum principal stress in tension - σMAX) was performed using Ansys Wokbench 10.0. Results: The peak of σMAX (MPa) were similar between SD (110) and MD (106), and higher for DD (134). The stress distribution pathway was similar for all models, starting from peritubular dentin to adhesive layer, intertubular dentin and hybrid layer. The peak of σMAX (MPa) for those structures was, respectively: 134 (DD), 56.9 (SD), 45.5 (DD), and 36.7 (MD). Conclusions: The number of dentin tubules had no influence in the σMAX at the dentin/adhesive interface. Peritubular and intertubular dentin showed higher stress with the bigger dentin tubules orifice condition. The σMAX in the hybrid layer and adhesive layer were going down from superficial dentin to deeper dentin. In a failure scenario, the hybrid layer in contact with peritubular dentin and adhesive layer is the first region for breaking the adhesion.
Stress distribution in ceramic restorations over natural tooth using sing finite element analysis. lithium disilicate x aluminum oxide material
(2013-01-01) Júnior, Amilcar Chagas Freitas ; Rocha, Eduardo Passos ; Dos Santos, Paulo Henrique ; De Almeida, Erika Oliveira ; De Anchieta, Rodolfo Bruniera ; Júnior, Manoel Martín ; Archangelo, Carlos Marcelo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Background: Data on stress distribution in tooth-restoration interface with different ceramic restorative materials are limited. The aim of this chapter was to assess the stress distribution in the interface of ceramic restorations with laminate veneer or full-coverage crown with two different materials (lithium dissilicate and densely sintered aluminum oxide) under different loading areas through finite element analysis. Materials and Methods: Six two-dimensional finite element models were fabricated with different restorations on natural tooth: laminate veneer (IPS Empress, IPS Empress Esthetic and Procera AllCeram) or full-coverage crown (IPS e.max Press and Procera AllCeram). Two different loading areas (L) (50N) were also determined: palatal surface at 45° in relation to the long axis of tooth (L1) and perpendicular to the incisal edge (L2). A model with higid natural tooth was used as control. von Mises equivalent stress (δvM) and maximum principal stress (δmax) were obtained on Ansys software. Results: The presence of ceramic restoration increased δvM and δmax in the adhesive interface, mainly for the aluminum oxide (Procera AllCeram system) restorations. The full-coverage crowns generated higher stress in the adhesive interface under L1 while the same result was observed for the laminate veneers under L2. Conclusions: Lithium dissilicate and densely sintered aluminum oxide restorations exhibit different behavior due to different mechanical properties and loading conditions.
Conservative prosthetic-periodontal treatment for reatment molar class III furcation involvement: Case report
(2013-01-01) Júnior, Amilcar Chagas Freitas ; Silva, Antônio Materson ; Verde, Marcus Aurélio Rabelo Lima ; De Almeida, Erika Oliveira ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Purpose: The treatment for furcation involvement is a great challenge to the general dentists. Tunneling may be a treatment alternative for class II and III furcation involvements in mandibular molars with large angle separation and great divergence between the mesial and distal roots. This alternative is a conservative treatment that allows a great condition to oral hygiene maintenance by the patient. Thus, the aim of this case report was to describe a conservative and therapeutic treatment modality for the horizontal defect of periodontal tissues in the furcal area with buccal-lingual extension (class III furcation involvement). Case Report: A patient with class III furcation involvement in the first mandibular molar was submitted to root resection and periodontal surgery to expose the clinical crown for the full-coverage restoration with tunnel preparation. Results: The final result of the treatment with tunneled crown was favorable and predictable due to adequate hygiene condition to avoid plaque accumulation and occurrence of root caries. Clinical Significance: A multidisciplinary approach is essential to achieve a correct treatment plan including surgical-periodontal procedures integrated to the prosthetic rehabilitation. Besides, the recommendation for oral hygiene maintenance is essential for the treatment longevity with tunneled crown.
Laminate veneers: A review and clinical case
(2013-01-01) Archangelo, Carlos Marcelo ; Rocha, Eduardo Passos ; Martin, Manoel ; Anchieta, Rodolfo Bruniera ; Sundfeld, Renato Herman ; University of Ingá, Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The laminate veneers are great choice for rehabilitation for anterior segment of the mouth. Actually, due the employment of dental cements and bonding to dentin, the uses of laminate veneers is an effective and conservative treatment, showing a high rate success rate. This paper presents a clinical case of 50 years old male, J.C.H, who have a chief complaint of an unattractive smile. After the diagnosis and planning, 10 laminate veneers were placed from the second bicuspid (15) to the second bicuspid (25). The correct indication of laminate veneers allows restorations with appropriate esthetic and patient's satisfaction with immediate effect on quality of life.
Implant prosthodontics: In vitro testing methods
(2012-10-01) Almeida, Erika O. ; Júnior, Amilcar Freitas ; Delben, Juliana A. ; Valverde, Guilherme B. ; Silva, Nelson R. F. A. ; Rocha, Eduardo P. ; Coelho, Paulo G. ; New York University College of Dentistry ; New York University ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
While randomized controlled clinical studies are strongly suggested as the optimal approach to evaluate the performance of biomaterials and design aspects of dental implants and prosthetic components, these studies are at times not economically viable. Thus, well designed in vitro studies associating virtual models via finite element analysis (FEA) and appropriate in vitro laboratory mechanical testing should be utilized as preliminary investigative tools to reduce the number of clinical studies that are needed to fully characterize the performance of a given implant-restorative system. The present chapter describes the computer simulation using FEA and in vitro tests as single-load-to-failure, staircase and step-stress accelerated life-testing utilized to evaluate implant-restoration systems with emphasis to the advantages and potential limitations of each methodology and how the acquired outcomes can be related to the clinical scenario. Major issues and approaches related to the FEA, such as model creation, finite element software, material properties, bone-implant interface, mesh and convergence of the analyses, boundary and loading condition, validation and interpretation of FE modeling and criteria to interpret the results in FEA studies are listed and described. © 2012 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Twenty years experience with pit and fissure sealants
(2011-02-01) Sundfeld, Renato Herman ; Fraga Briso, André Luiz ; Mauro, Silvio José ; De Alexandre, Rodrigo Sversut ; Neto, Daniel Sundfeld ; De Oliveira, Fernanda Garcia ; Machado, Lucas Silveira ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Twenty years of investigations on the use of pit and fissure sealants are presented with emphasis on application techniques, types of materials and long-term follow-up. After two decades of routine provision of pit and fissure sealants, we are able to conclude that placement of bonded resin sealant material is a highly effective approach for prevention of pit and fissure caries, provided the sealant material is correctly applied. © 2011 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Remineralizing performance of different materials on teeth hard tissues
(2019-05-22) De Oliveira Gallinari, Marjorie ; Angelo Cintra, Luciano Tavares ; Bueno, Carlos Roberto Emerenciano ; Briso, André Luiz Fraga ; Sivieri De Araújo, Gustavo ; Marques, Vanessa Abreu Sanches ; Benetti, Francine ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The teeth hard tissues are mineralized structures constituted by enamel and dentin, mainly formed by inorganic components, such as hydroxyapatite. The mineralized structures cover and protect the pulp tissue, responsible for dentin formation, beside sensibility and immune response to injury. The interaction between hard (dentin) and soft (pulp) tissues is known as dentin-pulp complex and when damaged, is the key to induce the formation of a dentin barrier (tertiary dentin) to protect the pulp. However, this mineralized tissue may be affected by different demineralization processes, observed during cariogenic activity, intrinsic/extrinsic dental erosion or dental bleaching, leading to loss of mineral compounds and consequent cavitation. The demineralization of dental hard tissue is counterbalanced by the constant physiological remineralization process induced by the saliva. Nowadays, it's common to enhance this dental remineralization with the aid of proper remineralizating materials, such as calcium/sodium fluoride-based (gels, varnishes and dentifrices) or bioactive materials (peptides, nanohydroxyapatite, bioactive-glass and glass-ceramic). Although caries prevalence has been decreasing, is still present in all age groups worldwide, as the most common disease and main responsible for dental cavitation or dental loss. Thus, this chapter discusses the main mechanism of the constant demineralization-remineralization balance, along with remineralizer agents and future perspectives of in dentistry.
Current methodologies for evaluating remineralization and biomineralization in dentistry
(2019-05-22) Citelli Conti, Leticia ; Marques, Vanessa Abreu Sanches ; Cintra, Luciano Tavares Angelo ; De Castilho Jacinto, Rogério ; De Oliveira Gallinari, Marjorie ; Souza, Marina Trevelin ; Benetti, Francine ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) ; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
The dental scientific production aims to solve the needs and problems found in the clinical routine. With the research and its results it is possible to produce knowledge that directs the professional to the improvement and change of the quality of life of the individual. Among the various challenges is the difficulty in forming and regenerating lost mineralized tissues that is present in the various areas of dentistry. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an extensive investigation regarding these tissues, since when they lose structures, they usually present physiological or functional deficiency. It is known that biomineralization is a complex, dynamic and permanent process that involves the precipitation of inorganic substances in organic matrices to give rise to biological tissues, such as enamel, dentin, cement and bone. The remineralization occurs when there is an increase in the mineral volume of the dental tissues, through the deposit, mainly, of crystals of calcium and phosphate, after a process of demineralization. In the attempt to find solutions to these mineralizing deficiencies, the development and execution of different methodologies are essential in the search to unravel the metabolic process of the tissues and, from this information, to create bioactive materials and clinical procedures that are capable of contributing to neoformation or mineralization of the tissue. In this chapter we discussed different laboratory methodologies developed in vivo, in vitro and/or in situ with the purpose of directing the development of the research on the mineralization process.
Systemic alterations and different tissue response to bioactive materials
(2019-05-22) Dal Fabbro, Renan ; Cosme-Silva, Leopoldo ; Benetti, Francine ; De Araújo, Gustavo Sivieri ; Conti, Letícia Citelli ; Gomes Filho, João Eduardo ; Cintra, Luciano Tavares Angelo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Bioactive materials are constantly indicated in several areas of dentistry in order to induce favorable responses and consequently to modulate/restore the health of tissues that are altered by some pathology. These materials come in direct contact with pulp tissue, bone tissue, cementum, and periodontal ligament. However, the chemical composition of bioactive materials can affect the tissue response and the repair process, as well as compromise systemic health. In this chapter, bioactive material types/indications, systemic changes in the two pathways, and different tissue responses to bioactive materials will be addressed.

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